====== 1.A.5.b iii - Military Navigation ======

===== Short description =====

In sub-category //1.A.5.b iii - Other, Mobile (including Military)// emissions from military navigation are reported. 

^  Method  ^  AD     ^  EF                ^  Key Category Analysis                                                                                             ^
|  T1, T2  |  NS, M  |  D, M, CS, T1, T3  |  see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_including_military:military_transport| superordinate chapter]]  |

===== Methodology =====

==== Activity Data ====

Primary fuel data for national military waterborne activities is included in NEB lines 6 ('International Deep-Sea Bunkers') and 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') for IMO and non-IMO ships respectively.

The annual shares used within NFR 1.A.5.b iii are therefore calculated within (Deichnik, K. (2020)) [(DEICHNIK2020)], where ship movement data (AIS signal) allows for a bottom-up approach providing the needed differentiation.

__Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, in terajoules__
|                    |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2006**  |  **2007**  |  **2008**  |  **2009**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  | **2019**  |
^ Diesel Oil         |        983 |        665 |        563 |        410 |        383 |        366 |        360 |        349 |        347 |        330 |        313 |        302 |        332 |        273 |        359 |        489 |        436 |       558 |
^ Biodiesel          |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO       |
^ Heavy Fuel Oil     |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO        |  NO       |
| **Ʃ 1.A.5.b iii**  ^        983 ^        665 ^        563 ^        419 ^        394 ^        382 ^        378 ^        373 ^        369 ^        351 ^        334 ^        319 ^        351 ^        286 ^        370 ^        500 ^        434 ^       558 ^
source: Deichnik, K. (2020): BSH model [(DEICHNIK2020)]

{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_incl_military:1a5biii_ad.png?700 }}

==== Emission factors ====

The emission factors applied here, are derived from different sources and therefore are of very different quality.

For the main pollutants, country-specific implied values are used, that are based on tier3 EF included in (Deichnik (2020)) [(DEICHNIK2020)] which mainly relate on values from the EMEP/EEA guidebook 2019 [(EMEPEEA2019)]. These modelled IEFs take into account the ship specific information derived from AIS data as well as the mix of fuel-qualities applied depending on the type of ship and the current state of activity.

__Table 2: Annual country-specific implied emission factors<sup>1</sup> for diesel fuels, in kg/TJ__

|                   |  **1990**  |  **1995**  |  **2000**  |  **2005**  |  **2006**  |  **2007**  |  **2008**  |  **2009**  |  **2010**  |  **2011**  |  **2012**  |  **2013**  |  **2014**  |  **2015**  |  **2016**  |  **2017**  |  **2018**  | **2019**  |
^ NH<sub>3</sub>    |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,32 |       0,33 |       0,33 |       0,33 |      0,33 |
^ NMVOC             |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,4 |       41,6 |       41,1 |       47,7 |       37,4 |       38,0 |       39,1 |      38,2 |
^ NO<sub>x</sub>    |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.106 |      1.105 |      1.098 |      1.011 |      1.119 |      1.124 |      1.117 |     1.134 |
^ SO<sub>x</sub>    |        466 |        419 |        233 |        186 |        186 |        186 |        140 |       69,8 |       69,8 |       65,2 |       59,4 |       55,9 |       53,4 |       40,0 |       38,7 |       38,8 |       39,3 |      39,2 |
^ BC                |        109 |       98,3 |       54,6 |       43,7 |       43,7 |       43,7 |       32,8 |       16,4 |       16,4 |       15,3 |       15,3 |       15,3 |       16,1 |       19,6 |       16,3 |       15,2 |       15,8 |      14,8 |
^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |        352 |        317 |        176 |        141 |        141 |        141 |        106 |       52,9 |       52,9 |       49,3 |       49,3 |       49,3 |       51,9 |       63,2 |       52,6 |       49,0 |       51,0 |      47,9 |
^ PM<sub>10</sub>   |        377 |        339 |        189 |        151 |        151 |        151 |        113 |       56,6 |       56,6 |       52,8 |       52,8 |       52,7 |       55,5 |       67,7 |       56,3 |       52,4 |       54,6 |      51,2 |
^ TSP               |        377 |        339 |        189 |        151 |        151 |        151 |        113 |       56,6 |       56,6 |       52,8 |       52,8 |       52,7 |       55,5 |       67,7 |       56,3 |       52,4 |       54,6 |      51,2 |
^ CO                |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        136 |        142 |        158 |        148 |        139 |        142 |       137 |
<sup>1</sup> due to lack of better information: similar EF are applied for fossil and biodiesel \\
<sup>2</sup> ratio PM<sub>2.5</sub> : PM<sub>10</sub> : TSP derived from the tier1 default EF as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)]   \\
<sup>3</sup> estimated from a BC-fraction of 0.31 as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Table 3-2

<WRAP center round info 100%>
With respect to the emission factors applied for particulate matter, given the circumstances during test-bench measurements, condensables are most likely included at least partly. ((During test-bench measurements, temperatures are likely to be significantly higher than under real-world conditions, thus reducing condensation. On the contrary, smaller dillution (higher number of primary particles acting as condensation germs) together with higher pressures increase the likeliness of condensation. So over-all condensables are very likely to occur but different to real-world conditions.))
</WRAP>

<WRAP center round info 100%>
For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources and Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources.
</WRAP>

===== Discussion of emission trends =====

<WRAP center round info 60%>
As only NFR 1.A.5.b as a whole is taken into account within the key category analysis, this country-specific sub-sector is not considered separately.
</WRAP>

===== Recalculations =====

With both **activity data** and **emission factors** remaining unrevised, no recalculations took place with this submission.

<WRAP center round info 60%>
For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general:recalculations:start | 8.1 - Recalculations]].
</WRAP>

===== Uncertainties =====

See [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_including_military:military_transport| superordinate chapter]] on NFR 1.A.5.b.

===== Planned improvements ===== 

A **routine revision** of the underlying model is planned for the next annual submission.


[(DEICHNIK2020> Deichnik (2020): Deichnik, K.: Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH); Hamburg, 2020.)]
[(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Copenhagen, 2019.)]
[(RENTZ2008> Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )]