====== 2.A.5.a - Quarrying & Mining - Other Than Coal ======

^ Category Code  ^  Method                                ||||^  AD                                ||||^  EF                                  |||||
| 2.A.5.a         |  T1                                    |||||  NS                                |||||  D                                  |||||
^  Key Category  ^  SO₂     ^  NOₓ  ^  NH₃  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO   ^  BC   ^  Pb   ^  Hg   ^  Cd   ^  Diox  ^  PAH  ^  HCB  ^  TSP  ^  PM₁₀  ^  PM₂ ₅  ^
| 2.A.5.a         |  -          |  -    |  -    |  -      |  -    |  -    |  -    |  -    |  -    |  -     |  -    |  -    |  L/-  |  L/T   |  L/-    |

{{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}

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For particulate emissions, Mining is the main emissions source in the Mineral industries.

In Germany we use two approaches - one for Sands and rocks, one for salts.
===== Short description - Sands and Rocks =====

The mining process emits relevant amounts of particles. Quarrying and mining of minerals other than coal is subsumed, in particular mining of limestone, hard rock and building Sands, with rising recycled materials.

===== Methodology =====

With the use of the 2019 GB method [(EMEP/EEA, 2019: EEA Report No 13/2019 EMEP EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Copenhagen, 2019; URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes/2-a-mineral-products/2-a-5-a-quarrying/view)], a Tier 2 method is available that can reflect different national conditions. In particular, this concerns input variables on humidity and wind speed, which are differentiated into twelve regions.

===== Activity Data =====

As provided for in the GB model, we use AD in the split hard rock, sand and recycled material. These AD are taken from association information because the national statistics are not complete [(European Industry Association data are published annually at https://uepg.eu/pages/figures. Within the framework of technical consultations, historical data were confirmed by the National Association for Mineral Resources (https://www.bv-miro.org/).)]. Data gaps are interpolated for time series concsistency. The application of the method therefore resulted in higher AD.

===== Emission factors =====

The calculation of emissions takes into account national circumstances and reduction measures.The calculations are available in total more than ten Excel files (individual years since 1990, annually from 2010). Since the GB tool in principle calculates emissions for exactly one year [(EMEP/EEA, 2019: EEA Report No 13/2019 EMEP EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Copenhagen, 2019; URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes/2-a-mineral-products/2-a-5-a-quarrying-1/view)], files must be available for exactly those years in which input data are available. Intermediate years are interpolated in case of data gaps.

With the help of the GB tools, IEFs are reported on an annual basis, which are used for the inventory method AR x EF. The emission factors are virtual, but the calculation of this can be modified if further information on the parameters of the GB-tool is available.
===== Trend discussion =====

Trends in emissions follow the shrinking mining activities.

[{{sector:ippu:mineral_industry:EM_2A5a_since_1990.PNG| Emission trends in NFR 2.A.5.a}}]


===== Recalculations =====

Recalculations were necessary due to minor revised AD for the last recent year.
=====Planned improvements =====

At the moment, it is planned to take into account more Country specific conditions and more temporal changes of these.
===== Short description - Salt Production =====

Salt production is a sub-category of the mining activities in respect of the country specific approach used. Currently, a Tier 1 method is used: information on production of salts are multiplied with emission factors for TSP and PM.

===== Method =====
==== Activity data ====
The data from national statistics includes production of potash and rock salt. Potash salt is dominating, nevertheless gaps of statistics are filled and emissions are modelled as potash salt only.

==== Emission factors ====
The emission factors are based on analogy to bulk product handling by an expert judgements from UBA:

__Table 2: Overview of applied emission factors, in kg/t salt__
^ Pollutant     ^^  EF value      ^^  EF trend      ^^
^ TSP           ^|          0.031 ||  constant      ||
^ PM₁₀          ^|          0.016 ||  constant      ||
^ PM₂.₅         ^|          0.003 ||  constant      ||



===== Planned improvements =====

At the moment, no category-specific improvements are planned.