====== 5.E.2 - Other Waste: Building and Car Fires ======

=====Short description=====

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For key source information please see the [[sector:waste:other_waste:start|Overview-chapter 5.E]].
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Within NFR 5.E.2 - Other Waste: Building and Car Fires, emissions from building and car fires are reported.
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=====Method=====

With a method for estimation the AD developed within a research project [(Project leader Site: https://oekopol.de/en/archiv-en/?doc=EN_720, Publication in prep. as Umweltbundesamt 2021: Research-ID 3717411050, "Wissenschaftlich-methodische Grundlagen der Inventarverbesserung zur Umsetzung der Hinweise aus den Inventarüberprüfungen 2016 und 2017")], and after publication of Tier2-EF within the EEA-Guidebook 2019 [(https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/5-waste/5-e-other-waste/view)], a country-specific method is implemented and further developed. So now it is possible to estimate a full-scale-approach for all Buildings and the cars, additionally an estimation for waste container fires.
In all cases only accidental fires are mentioned (including acts of vandalism).

====Activity data====

Official population statistics for Germany are applied as primary activity data.

From these statistical input data, the number of fires is estimated via the following steps:
  * specific values for number of fires per 1,000 inhabitants,
  * differentiated according to building,
  * vehicle and container fires,
  * Determination of the number of relevant fires per year in Germany in total,
  * Differentiation of the fires according to building and vehicle fires,
  * Differentiation of fires according to fire scale,
  * Differentiation of building fires by building category,
  * Conversion of different fires per year to full-scale fires per year,
  * Transfer of the results on the number of fires in the form of number of full-scale fires per year differentiated by fire categories.
In order to apply the emission factors available from the EMEP/EEA Guidebook, the annual number of building fires is differentiated for detached and undetached, appartment and industrial buildings.

Estimated shares per building category, for 2018:
^ detached houses  ^ undetached houses  ^ appartement buildings  ^ industrial buildings  ^
| 53%              | 13%                | 13%                    | 20%                   |
Estimated number of full-scale fires, per category, per 1,000 inhabitants, for 2018:
^ detached houses  ^ undetached houses  ^ appartement buildings  ^ industrial buildings  ^ cars/ vehicles  ^ containers  ^
| 0.02             | 0.05               | 0.05                   | 0.08                  | 0.18            | 0.15        |
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=====Emission Factors=====
For most of pollutants Tier2 default values from the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019 (as 2016), Chapter 5.E - Other waste, tables 3-2 to 3-6 are applied [(https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/5-waste/5-e-other-waste/view)]. Due to gap for emissions factors of black carbon we assume the following analogy: 10% of PM2.5 from Table 3-40, Tier 2 emission factor for conventional stoves, wood and similar wood waste. Regarding containers we use figure of Table 6.22 of Danish IIR [(https://cdr.eionet.europa.eu/dk/un/clrtap/iir/envxgkjdw/Denmarks_Informative_Inventory_Report_2019.pdf)].

In contrast to building fires, in accordance to the emission factor values provided in the EMEP/EEA Guidebook, no additional differentiation e.g. of vehicle categories is implemented.

=====Verification=====
For verification purposes, a consultant has checked the Informative Inventory Reports (IIRs) of other countries. In the IIRs of Denmark and Iceland it is additionally stated that the emission factors refer to so-called "full-scale fires" and therefore the activity data (i.e. the number of fires) must be converted to so-called full-scale equivalent fires.
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===== Trends in emissions =====

All trends in emissions correspond to trends of AD. No rising trends are to identify, but a jump in 2003 due to many forest fires. Forest fires are part of the total fire AD and affect so the calculation in general.
[{{:sector:waste:em_5e_fires_since_1990.png|**Emission trends in NFR 5.E.2**}}]
===== Recalculations =====

With **activity data** and **emission factors** remaining unrevised, no recalculations have been carried out compared to last year's submission.

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For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].
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