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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:road_abrasion [2021/02/22 11:22] – [Short description] Key Category updated: TSP, MP10, PM2.5 only L (was L/T) gniffke | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:road_abrasion [2021/04/14 20:18] – [Table] kotzulla | ||
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^ Category Code ^ Method | ^ Category Code ^ Method | ||
| 1.A.3.b.vii | | 1.A.3.b.vii | ||
- | ^ Key Category | + | ^ Key Category |
| 1.A.3.b.vii | | 1.A.3.b.vii | ||
+ | |||
===== Methodology ===== | ===== Methodology ===== | ||
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
- | === Activity | + | Abrasive emissions from tyre and brake wear are estimated based on vehicle-type specific mileage |
- | Abrasive emissions from tyre and brake wear are estimated based on vehicle-type specific mileage data. | + | ==== Emission factors ==== |
- | For detailed mileage data, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:start | superordinate chapter | + | __Table 1: Emission factors applied__ |
+ | | | ||
+ | ^ BC | | ||
+ | ^ PM< | ||
+ | ^ PM< | ||
+ | ^ TSP | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Pb | [µg/km] | | ||
+ | ^ Hg | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Cd | ::: | ||
+ | ^ As | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Cr | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Cu | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Ni | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Se | ::: | ||
+ | ^ Zn | ::: | ||
- | === Emission factors === | ||
- | |||
- | The tier1 emission factors used here have been derived from the 2019 version of the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook. | ||
- | |||
- | |||
- | |||
- | [[gallery size=" | ||
- | : AD_Mileage.png | ||
- | : AD_Mileage_el.png | ||
- | [[/ | ||
- | |||
- | +++ Emission factors | ||
- | |||
- | The tier1 emission factors used here have been derived within a literature study in 2006. During this study, average amounts of particulate wear per km ( = EF,,PM,,) were derived from which annual amounts of PM emissions can be estimated | ||
- | |||
- | [[math]] | ||
- | \begin{gather} | ||
- | EM(PM)_\text{ annual, type of vehicle} | ||
- | \end{gather} | ||
- | [[/math]] | ||
- | |||
- | __Table 1: Average abrasion rates [mg TSP / vehicle km] for different types of road vehicles__ | ||
- | ||= **Vehicle type** ||= **Ø Abrasion rate** ||= | ||
- | || Passenger Cars ||> | ||
- | || Motorcycles ||> | ||
- | || Mopeds ||> | ||
- | || Light Duty Vehicles ||> | ||
- | || Heavy Duty Vehicles ||> | ||
- | || thereof: Trucks ||> | ||
- | || thereof: Buses ||> | ||
- | |||
- | Based on average contents of heavy metals per gram of emitted particulate road surface matter (also derived during the literature study), emission factors for HM are estimated as follows: | ||
- | |||
- | [[math]] | ||
- | \begin{gather} | ||
- | EF(HM)_\text{ per km, type of vehicle} | ||
- | \end{gather} | ||
- | [[/math]] | ||
- | |||
- | __Table 2: Average heavy metal contents [mg HM / kg TSP] in abrasive particulate matter from road surface__ | ||
- | ||= **HM** ||= **Ø Metal content** ||= | ||
- | ||= Cd ||> | ||
- | ||= Pb ||> | ||
- | ||= Hg ||> | ||
- | ||= As ||> | ||
- | ||= Cr ||> | ||
- | ||= Cu ||> | ||
- | ||= Ni ||> | ||
- | ||= Se ||> | ||
- | ||= Zn ||> | ||
- | |||
- | From these PM-based emission factors, emission estimates for HM are estimated as follows: | ||
- | |||
- | [[math]] | ||
- | \begin{gather} | ||
- | EM(HM)_\text{ annual, type of vehicle} | ||
- | \end{gather} | ||
- | [[/math]] | ||
- | |||
- | |||
- | |||
- | __Table 1: Default tier1 emission factors applied__ | ||
- | ||~ Vehicle Type ||= **PCs** ||= **LDVs** ||= **HDVs** ||= **Buses** ||= **MTWs**^^1^^ ||= | ||
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
- | ||< | ||
===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ||
- | > **NFR 1.A.3.b vii - Emissions from road abrasion** is key category for emissions | + | __Table 2: Outcome |
+ | | for: ^ TSP ^ | ||
+ | | by: | L/- | L/- | ||
- | ++ Particulate Matter | + | === Particulate Matter |
//(from wear/ | //(from wear/ | ||
Emissions from road abrasion are directly linked to driven mileage. Thus, the overall trend of emissions from road abrasion is similar to the trend for total driven mileage. | Emissions from road abrasion are directly linked to driven mileage. Thus, the overall trend of emissions from road abrasion is similar to the trend for total driven mileage. | ||
- | |||
- | [[gallery size=" | ||
- | : 1A3bvii_EM_PM2.5.PNG | ||
- | [[/ | ||
- | |||
===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | **Activity data** (mileage) have been revised due to the regular revision of the TREMOD model. (see [[[1-a-3-b-vi-vii-emissions-from-wear-and-abrasion | + | **Activity data** (mileage) have been revised due to the regular revision of the TREMOD model. (see [[sector: |
- | However, the biggest changes occur in the tier1 **emission factors** that have been revised | + | However, the biggest changes occur in the tier1 **emission factors** that have been revised |
- | Unfortunately, | + | The variety of old and revised emission factors cannot be compared here in a comprehendible way. |
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter | + | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general: |
</ | </ | ||
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Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | ||
- | |||
- | ===== FAQs ===== | ||
- | |||
- | ------ | ||
- | [[bibliography]] | ||
- | : 1 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019; https:// | ||
- | [[/ |