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sector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2021/01/26 14:28] kotzullasector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2021/12/15 20:00] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ===== Short description ===== ===== Short description =====
  
-^  Method   AD  ^  EF  ^  Key Category         +Category Code   Method                               ||||^  AD                            ||||^  EF                                  ||||| 
-|  T2      |  PS  |    |  **L/T**: NO<sub>x</sub>  |+| 2.B.2          |  T2                                   |||||  PS                            |||||  D                                   ||||| 
 +^  Key Category   SO₂      NOₓ  ^  NH₃  ^  NMVOC  ^  CO  ^  BC  ^  Pb  ^  Hg  ^  Cd  ^  Diox  ^  PAH  ^  HCB  ^  TSP  ^  PM₁₀  ^  PM₂.₅  
 +| 2.B.2          |  -        L/-  |  -    |  -      |  -    -   |    |  -    -    -      -    |  -    |  -    |  -      -      |
  
 {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} \\ {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} \\
  
-During the production of nitric acid, nitrogen oxide occurs in a secondary reaction. In Germany, there are currently seven nitric acid production plants. HNO<sub>3</sub>production occurs in two process stages:+During the production of nitric acid (HNO<sub>3</sub>), nitrogen oxide is produced unintentionally in a secondary reaction during the catalytic oxidation of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>). HNO<sub>3</sub> production occurs in two process stages:
   * Oxidation of NH<sub>3</sub> to NO and   * Oxidation of NH<sub>3</sub> to NO and
   * Conversion of NO to NO<sub>2</sub> and absorption in H<sub>2</sub>O.   * Conversion of NO to NO<sub>2</sub> and absorption in H<sub>2</sub>O.
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 **Catalytic oxidation of ammonia** **Catalytic oxidation of ammonia**
  
-A mixture of ammonia and air at a ratio of 1:9 is oxidised, in the presence of a platinum catalyst alloyed with rhodium and/or palladium, at a temperature of between 800 and 950 °C. The related reactionaccording to the Oswald processis as follows:+A mixture of ammonia and air at a ratio of 1:9 is oxidised, in the presence of a platinum catalyst alloyed with rhodium and/or palladium, at a temperature of between 800 and 950 °C. The reaction according to the Oswald process is as follows:
    
 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 5 O<sub>2</sub> --> 4 NO + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 5 O<sub>2</sub> --> 4 NO + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
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 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 3 O<sub>2</sub> --> 2 N<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 3 O<sub>2</sub> --> 2 N<sub>2</sub> + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
 +
 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 4 O<sub>2</sub> --> 2 N<sub>2</sub>O + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O 4 NH<sub>3</sub> + 4 O<sub>2</sub> --> 2 N<sub>2</sub>O + 6 H<sub>2</sub>O
  
 All three oxidation reactions are exothermic. Heat may be recovered to produce steam for the process and for export to other plants and/or to preheat the residual gas. The reaction water is condensed in a cooling condenser, during the cooling of the reaction gases, and is then conveyed into the absorption column. All three oxidation reactions are exothermic. Heat may be recovered to produce steam for the process and for export to other plants and/or to preheat the residual gas. The reaction water is condensed in a cooling condenser, during the cooling of the reaction gases, and is then conveyed into the absorption column.
  
-===== Methodology ===== +===== Method ===== 
 +In Germany, there are currently seven nitric acid plants.
 ==== Activity data ==== ==== Activity data ====
  
-As this source category is a key category for N<sub>2</sub>O, plant specific activity data are applied here according to the IPCC guidelines.+As this source category is a key category for N<sub>2</sub>O, plant specific activity data is collected here according to the IPCC guidelines.
  
-These data are made available basically via a co-operation agreement with the nitric acid producers and the IVA (Industrieverband Agrar). As the data provided by the producers has to be treated as confidential, it is anonymised by the IVA before submitting it to the UBA. Here, one producer is delivering its data directly to the UBA. After checking these specific data, they are merged with the IVA.+This data is made available basically via a co-operation agreement with the nitric acid producers and the IVA (Industrieverband Agrar). As the data provided by the producers has to be treated as confidential, it is anonymised by the IVA before submitting it to the UBA. However, one producer is delivering its data directly to the UBA. After checking this specific data, it is merged with that provided by the IVA.
  
-According to the IVA, catalytic reduction is used as a reduction method in some of the plants. +According to the IVA, catalytic reduction is used as an abatement method in some of the plants. 
  
 ==== Emission factors ==== ==== Emission factors ====