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sector:agriculture:start [2021/02/12 10:02] – [Visual overview] gniffke | sector:agriculture:start [2021/12/23 08:10] – [Specific QA/QC procedures for the agriculture sector] doering | ||
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====== Chapter 5 - NFR 3 - Agriculture (OVERVIEW) ====== | ====== Chapter 5 - NFR 3 - Agriculture (OVERVIEW) ====== | ||
- | Emissions occurring in the agricultural sector in Germany derive from manure management (NFR 3.B), agricultural soils (NFR 3.D) and agriculture other (NFR 3.I). | + | Emissions occurring in the agricultural sector in Germany derive from manure management (NFR 3.B), agricultural soils (NFR 3.D) and agriculture other (NFR 3.I). Germany |
- | + | ||
- | Germany | + | |
^ NFR-Code | ^ NFR-Code | ||
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Emissions occurring in the agricultural sector in Germany derive from manure management (NFR 3.B), agricultural soils (NFR 3.D) and agriculture other (NFR 3.I). | Emissions occurring in the agricultural sector in Germany derive from manure management (NFR 3.B), agricultural soils (NFR 3.D) and agriculture other (NFR 3.I). | ||
- | Germany | + | Germany |
The pollutants reported are: | The pollutants reported are: | ||
- | * ammonia (NH< | + | * |
* | * | ||
* | * | ||
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No heavy metal emissions are reported. | No heavy metal emissions are reported. | ||
- | In 2019 the agricultural sector emitted | + | In 2020 the agricultural sector emitted |
+ | |||
+ | As depicted in the diagram below, in 2020 95.4 % of Germany’s total NH< | ||
+ | HCB emissions of pesticide use contributed 22.1 % to the total German emissions. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ====Mitigation measures==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The agricultural inventory model can represent several abatement measures for emissions of NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | * changes in animal numbers and amount of applied fertilizers | ||
+ | |||
+ | * air scrubbing techniques: yearly updated data on frequencies of air scrubbing facilities and the removal efficiency are provided by KTBL (Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft / Association for Technology and Structures in Agriculture). The average removal efficiency of NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | * reduced raw protein content in feeding of fattening pigs: the german animal nutrition association (DVT, Deutscher Verband Tiernahrung e.V.) provides data on the raw protein content of fattening pig feed, therefore enabling the inventory to depict the changes in N-excretions over the time series. The time series is calibrated using data from official and representative surveys conducted by the Federal Statistical Office. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * reduced raw protein content in feeding and feed conversion rates of broilers: the German animal nutrition association (DVT, Deutscher Verband Tiernahrung e.V.) provides data on the raw protein content of fattening broiler feed, and feed conversion rates of broilers. This makes it possible to model the changes in N-excretions over the time series. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * low emission spreading techniques of manure: official agricultural censuses survey the distribution of different manure spreading techniques and how fast organic fertilizers are incorporated into the soil. Germany uses distinct emission factors for different methods, techniques and incorporation durations. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * covering of slurry storage: agricultural censuses survey the distribution of different slurry covers. Germany uses distinct emission factors for the different covers. | ||
+ | |||
+ | * use of urease inhibitors: for urea fertilizer the German fertilizer ordinance prescribes the use of urease inhibitors or the direct incorporation into the soil from 2020 onwards. | ||
+ | |||
+ | The NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | For NO< | ||
- | As displayed in the diagram below, in 2019 95.1 % of Germany’s total NH< | ||
- | HCB emissions of pesticide use contributed 69.5 % to total German emissions. | ||
- | ===== Recalculations and reasons | + | ===== Reasons for recalculations |
(see [[general: | (see [[general: | ||
- | The following list summarizes, the most important reasons for recalculations. Recalculations result from improvements in input data and methodologies (for details see Rösemann | + | The following list summarizes the most important reasons for recalculations. Recalculations result from improvements in input data and methodologies (for details see Vos et al. (2022), Chapter 3.5.2). |
- | 1) Dairy cows and calves: Adjustment | + | 1) Incorporation |
- | 2) Heifers: Subdivision into dairy and slaughter | + | 2) Dairy cows: Update of milk yield and slaughter |
- | 3) Male beef cattle: Adjustment of feeding according to German expert recommendations; | + | 3) Heifers: Minor changes in the nutrient content |
- | 4) Male cattle > 2 years: update (increase) | + | 4) Suckler cows: modeling |
- | 5) Cattle grazing: The NH< | + | 5) Male cattle > 2 years: Update of weights from 1999 onwards. |
- | 6) Sows: Update of the number of piglets per sow in 2018. | + | 6) Sows: Update of the number of piglets per sow in 2019. |
- | 7) Fattening pigs and weaners: Update of animal numbers, starting weights | + | 7) Fattening pigs: New data on raw protein content, ash content |
- | 8) All pigs except boars: Update of activity | + | 8) Broilers: New data on raw protein content, ash content and digestibility |
- | 9) Sheep, laying hens, broilers, pullets: Update of the NH< | + | 9) Turkeys: Update of input data (slaughter weight, weight gain and feed conversion coefficient) for the years 2017-2019. |
- | 10) Broilers: Update | + | 10) Geese: update (increase) |
- | 11) Turkeys: Recalculation | + | 11) Laying hens: Improved interpolation |
+ | |||
+ | 12) Pullets: Improved interpolation | ||
- | 12) Anaerobic digestion of animal manures: Update of activity data in all years and of the NH< | + | 13) Anaerobic digestion of animal manures: Update of activity data in all years. |
+ | |||
+ | 14) Mineral fertilizers: | ||
- | 13) Mineral fertilizers, | + | 15) Application |
- | 14) Application | + | 16) Anaerobic digestion |
+ | |||
+ | 17) Soils: Minor corrections of cultivated areas and yields in several years. | ||
- | 15) Anaerobic digestion of energy crops: Update | + | 18) Pesticides: Recalculations were made for the complete time series due to the changes and new information given by the BVL for the amount of domestic sales of the active substances Lindane (1990 – 1997), Chlorothalonil and Picloram (2019) and the maximum amount of HCB in the active substance Chlorothalonil |
- | 16) Crop residues: Minor corrections of cultivated areas and yields in the years 1999 and 2010 through 2012. | ||
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===== Visual overview ===== | ===== Visual overview ===== | ||
__Chart showing emission trends for main pollutants in //NFR 3 - Agriculture//: | __Chart showing emission trends for main pollutants in //NFR 3 - Agriculture//: | ||
- | [{{:sector:iir_nfr1.png? | + | [{{:sector:iir_nfr3.png?nolink&direct& |
__Contribution of NFR categories to the emissions/ | __Contribution of NFR categories to the emissions/ | ||
- | [{{: | + | [{{: |
===== Specific QA/QC procedures for the agriculture sector===== | ===== Specific QA/QC procedures for the agriculture sector===== | ||
Numerous input data were checked for errors resulting from erroneous transfer between data sources and the tabular database used for emission calculations. | Numerous input data were checked for errors resulting from erroneous transfer between data sources and the tabular database used for emission calculations. | ||
- | The German IEFs and other data used for the emission calculations were compared with EMEP default values and data of other countries (see Rösemann | + | The German IEFs and other data used for the emission calculations were compared with EMEP default values and data of other countries (see Vos et al. (2022)). |
- | Changes of data and methodologies are documented in detail (see | + | Changes of data and methodologies are documented in detail (see |
- | A comprehensive review of the emission calculations was carried out by comparisons with the results of Submission | + | A comprehensive review of the emission calculations was carried out by comparisons with the results of Submission |
- | Once emission calculations with the German inventory model GAS-EM are completed for a specific submission, activity data (AD) and implied emission factors (IEFs) are transferred to the CSE database (Central System of Emissions) to be used to calculate the respective emissions within the CSE. These CSE emission results are then cross-checked with the emission results obtained by GAS-EM. | + | Once emission calculations with the German inventory model Py-GAS-EM are completed for a specific submission, activity data (AD) and implied emission factors (IEFs) are transferred to the CSE database (Central System of Emissions) to be used to calculate the respective emissions within the CSE. These CSE emission results are then cross-checked with the emission results obtained by Py-GAS-EM. |
Model data have been verified in the context of a project by external experts (Zsolt Lengyel, Verico SCE). Results show that input data are consistent with other data sources (Eurostat, Statistisches Bundesamt / Federal Statistical Office) and that the performed calculations are consistently and correctly applied in line with the methodological requirements. | Model data have been verified in the context of a project by external experts (Zsolt Lengyel, Verico SCE). Results show that input data are consistent with other data sources (Eurostat, Statistisches Bundesamt / Federal Statistical Office) and that the performed calculations are consistently and correctly applied in line with the methodological requirements. | ||
- | Furthermore, | + | Furthermore, |