====== 1.A.5.b iii - Military Navigation ======

===== Short description =====

In sub-category //1.A.5.b iii - Other, Mobile (including Military)// emissions from military navigation are reported. 

^  Method  ^  AD     ^  EF                ^  Key Category Analysis                                                                                             ^
|  T1, T2  |  NS, M  |  D, M, CS, T1, T3  |  see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_including_military:military_transport| superordinate chapter]]  |

===== Methodology =====

==== Activity Data ====

Primary fuel data for national military waterborne activities is included in NEB lines 6 ('International Deep-Sea Bunkers') and 64 ('Coastal and Inland Navigation') for IMO-registered and not registered ships respectively.

The annual shares used within NFR 1.A.5.b iii are therefore calculated within (Deichnik, K. (2022)) [(DEICHNIK2022)], where ship movement data (AIS signal) allows for a bottom-up approach providing the needed differentiation.

__Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, in terajoules__
|                    ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2011  ^  2012  ^  2013  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^ 2019  ^ 2020  ^  2021  ^
^ Diesel Oil         |    380 |    263 |    228 |    171 |    150 |    144 |    138 |    111 |    104 |    154 |    141 |    156 |    133 |   164 |   195 |    118 |
^ Heavy Fuel Oil     |    152 |    104 |   90.4 |   67.4 |   59.0 |   56.5 |   54.0 |   43.9 |   60.5 |      0 |      0 |      0 |      0 |     0 |     0 |      0 |
| **Ʃ 1.A.5.b iii**  ^    532 ^    366 ^    318 ^    239 ^    209 ^    200 ^    192 ^    155 ^    165 ^    154 ^    141 ^    156 ^    133 ^   164 ^   195 ^    118 ^
source: Deichnik, K. (2022): BSH model 2022

{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_incl_military:1a5biii_AD.png?700 | Annual liquid fuels consumption }}

==== Emission factors ====

The emission factors applied here, are derived from different sources and therefore are of very different quality.

For the main pollutants, country-specific implied values are used, that are based on tier3 EF included in (Deichnik (2022)) which mainly relate on values from the EMEP/EEA guidebook 2019 [(EMEPEEA2019)]. These modelled IEFs take into account the ship specific information derived from AIS data as well as the mix of fuel-qualities applied depending on the type of ship and the current state of activity.

__Table 2: Annual country-specific implied emission factors<sup>1</sup> for diesel fuels, in kg/TJ__

|                     ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2011  ^  2012  ^  2013  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^
| **DIESEL OIL**      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.33 |
^ NMVOC               |   39.6 |   39.6 |   39.6 |   39.6 |   39.6 |   39.6 |   39.6 |   40.0 |   39.4 |   34.2 |   34.1 |   34.1 |   36.2 |   35.5 |   36.6 |   36.6 |
^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,228 |  1,221 |  1,227 |  1,286 |  1,294 |  1,298 |  1,252 |  1,265 |  1,274 |  1,274 |
^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |    466 |    419 |    233 |    186 |   69.8 |   65.2 |   60.3 |   56.7 |   53.7 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |   37.2 |
^ BC                  |    111 |   99.8 |   55.4 |   44.3 |   16.6 |   15.5 |   15.5 |   15.5 |   15.8 |   15.9 |   15.2 |   14.8 |   16.1 |   15.3 |   13.1 |   13.1 |
^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |    358 |    322 |    179 |    143 |   53.6 |   50.1 |   50.1 |   50.1 |   51.0 |   51.2 |   49.1 |   47.8 |   51.9 |   49.3 |   42.2 |   42.2 |
^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |    383 |    344 |    191 |    153 |   57.4 |   53.6 |   53.6 |   53.6 |   54.6 |   54.8 |   52.5 |   51.1 |   55.5 |   52.7 |   45.1 |   45.1 |
^ TSP                 |    383 |    344 |    191 |    153 |   57.4 |   53.6 |   53.6 |   53.6 |   54.6 |   54.8 |   52.5 |   51.1 |   55.5 |   52.7 |   45.1 |   45.1 |
^ CO                  |    140 |    140 |    140 |    140 |    140 |    140 |    140 |    139 |    142 |    148 |    144 |    141 |    148 |    142 |    127 |    127 |
| **HEAVY FUEL OIL**  |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |
^ NH<sub>3</sub>      |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.35 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ NMVOC               |   28.0 |   28.0 |   28.0 |   28.0 |   28.0 |   28.0 |   28.0 |   27.0 |   28.6 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ NO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,468 |  1,488 |  1,496 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ SO<sub>x</sub>      |  1,319 |  1,332 |  1,323 |  1,336 |    496 |    496 |    496 |    495 |    506 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ BC                  |   42,3 |   42,7 |   42,4 |   42,9 |   15,9 |   15,9 |   15,9 |   14,9 |   16,3 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>    |    353 |  356,0 |    354 |    357 |    132 |    133 |    133 |    124 |    136 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ PM<sub>10</sub>     |    388 |    392 |    389 |    393 |    146 |    146 |    146 |    137 |    150 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ TSP                 |    388 |    392 |    389 |    393 |    146 |    146 |    146 |    137 |    150 |  NA                                                    |||||||
^ CO                  |    154 |    154 |    154 |    154 |    154 |    154 |    154 |    148 |    157 |  NA                                                    |||||||
<sup>1</sup> due to lack of better information: similar EF are applied for fossil and biodiesel \\
<sup>2</sup> ratio PM<sub>2.5</sub> : PM<sub>10</sub> : TSP derived from the tier1 default EF as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)]   \\
<sup>3</sup> estimated from a BC-fraction of 0.31 as provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)], chapter: 1.A.3.d.i, 1.A.3.d.ii, 1.A.4.c.iii Navigation, Table 3-2

<WRAP center round info 100%>
With respect to the emission factors applied for particulate matter, given the circumstances during test-bench measurements, condensables are most likely included at least partly. ((During test-bench measurements, temperatures are likely to be significantly higher than under real-world conditions, thus reducing condensation. On the contrary, smaller dillution (higher number of primary particles acting as condensation germs) together with higher pressures increase the likeliness of condensation. So over-all condensables are very likely to occur but different to real-world conditions.))
</WRAP>

<WRAP center round info 100%>
For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, please refer to Appendix 2.3 - Heavy Metal (HM) exhaust emissions from mobile sources and Appendix 2.4 - Persistent Organic Pollutant (POP) exhaust emissions from mobile sources.
</WRAP>

===== Discussion of emission trends =====

<WRAP center round info 60%>
As only NFR 1.A.5.b as a whole is taken into account within the key category analysis, this country-specific sub-sector is not considered separately.
</WRAP>

===== Recalculations =====

<WRAP center round info 60%>
For information on revised inventory data, please see the [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_including_military:military_transport| superordinate chapter]].
</WRAP>

===== Uncertainties =====



<WRAP center round info 60%>
For uncertainty information, please see the [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:other_including_military:military_transport| superordinate chapter]].
</WRAP>
===== Planned improvements ===== 

A **routine revision** of the underlying model is planned for the next annual submission.


[(DEICHNIK2022> Deichnik (2022): Deichnik, K.: Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH); Hamburg, 2022.)]
[(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Copenhagen, 2019.)]
[(RENTZ2008> Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )]