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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:international_civil_aviation_-_cruise [2021/03/29 13:14] – kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:international_civil_aviation_-_cruise [2023/03/09 12:15] – kotzulla | ||
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===== Short description ===== | ===== Short description ===== | ||
- | ^ Category Code | + | ^ Category Code |
- | | 1.A.3.a i (ii) | T1, T2, T3 ||||| NS, M ||||| CS, D, M | + | | 1.A.3.a i (ii) | T1, T2, T3 ||||| NS, M |
- | ^ | + | ^ ^ |
- | | 1.A.3.a i (ii) | + | | Key Category: |
In NFR category //1.A.3.a i (ii) - Internatinal Civil Aviation: Cruise// emissions from international flights from German airports during cruise stage (above 3,000 feet of altitude) are reported. | In NFR category //1.A.3.a i (ii) - Internatinal Civil Aviation: Cruise// emissions from international flights from German airports during cruise stage (above 3,000 feet of altitude) are reported. | ||
Line 16: | Line 16: | ||
==== Actitvity Data ==== | ==== Actitvity Data ==== | ||
- | Specific jet kerosene consumption during LTO-stage is calculated within TREMOD AV as described in the [[superordinate chapter]] on civil aviation. | + | Specific jet kerosene consumption during LTO-stage is calculated within TREMOD AV as described in the superordinate chapter on civil aviation. |
__Table 1: annual jet kerosene consumption during cruise-stage, | __Table 1: annual jet kerosene consumption during cruise-stage, | ||
- | | | **1990** | **1995** | **2000** | **2005** | **2006** | + | | ^ |
- | ^ Jet kerosene | + | ^ Jet kerosene |
- | ^ Avgas | + | ^ Avgas |
- | source: Knörr et al. (2019c) [((bibcite 2))] & Gores (2019) [((bibcite 3))] | + | source: Knörr et al. (2022c) [(KNOERR2022c)] and Gores (2022) [(GORES2022)] |
- | {{ : | + | {{ : |
==== Emission factors ==== | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
- | All country specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 [((bibcite 1))] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV [((bibcite 2))]. | + | All country specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 [(KNOERR2010)] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV [(KNOERR2022c)]. |
- | For more information, | + | For more information, |
__Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | **1995** | **2000** | **2005** | **2006** | + | | ^ |
- | | **JET KEROSENE** | + | | **JET KEROSENE** |
- | ^ **NH< | + | ^ NH< |
- | ^ **NMVOC** | | + | ^ NMVOC |
- | ^ **NO< | + | ^ NO< |
- | ^ **SO< | + | ^ SO< |
- | ^ **PM< | + | ^ BC |
- | ^ **BC< | + | ^ PM |
- | ^ **CO** | + | ^ CO | 73.8 | 61.6 | 47.7 | 42.4 | 37.8 | 37.3 | 37.0 | 36.8 | 40.1 | 36.2 | 34.2 | 34.2 | 34.7 | 34.1 | 34.4 | 34.6 | |
- | | **AVGAS** | + | | **AVGAS** |
- | ^ **NH< | + | ^ NH< |
- | ^ **NMVOC** | 468 | 498 | 477 | 462 | 452 | 451 | 461 | 470 | | + | ^ NMVOC |
- | ^ **NO< | + | ^ NO< |
- | ^ **SO< | + | ^ SO< |
- | ^ BC | | + | ^ BC | 0.40 | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.44 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.47 | 0.46 | 0.47 | 0.43 | |
- | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ^ TSP | + | ^ TSP |
- | ^ CO | | + | ^ CO | 20,915 | 22,610 | 21,827 | 21,055 | 22,225 | 25,229 | 25,303 | 24,882 | 25,753 | 25,200 | 29,832 | 30,337 | 30,216 | 29,164 | 30,558 | 22, |
< | < | ||
- | < | + | < |
<WRAP center round info 100%> | <WRAP center round info 100%> | ||
For the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, no clear indication is available, whether or not condensables are included. | For the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, no clear indication is available, whether or not condensables are included. | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
+ | <WRAP center round info 100%> | ||
+ | For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
===== Trend discussion for Key Sources ===== | ===== Trend discussion for Key Sources ===== | ||
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===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | **Activity data** have been revised | + | **Activity data** have been revised within TREMOD AV to keep in line with information the final 2020 NEB. |
+ | |||
+ | Furthermore, | ||
__Table 3: Revised kerosene usage in 1.A.3.a i (ii), in terajoules__ | __Table 3: Revised kerosene usage in 1.A.3.a i (ii), in terajoules__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | **1995** | **2000** | **2005** | **2006** | + | | |
- | | **JET KEROSENE** | + | | **JET KEROSENE** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative |
- | | **AVGAS** |||||||||||||||||| | + | | **AVGAS** |||||||||||||||| |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | + | ^ relative change | |
- | In parallel, the majority of **country-specific emission factors** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | __Table 4: Revised country-specific emission-factors, | + | |
- | | | **1990** | + | |
- | | **NON-METHANE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPUNDS - NMVOC** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 13,3 | 8,96 | 5,98 | 5,27 | 5,15 | 5,02 | 4,89 | 4,77 | 4,66 | 4,53 | 4,39 | 4,39 | 4,71 | 4,35 | 4,17 | 4,23 | 4,32 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 13,4 | 9,47 | 5,93 | 5,44 | 5,35 | 5,20 | 5,07 | 4,95 | 4,91 | 4,81 | 4,70 | 4,70 | 4,64 | 4,65 | 4,46 | 4,52 | 4,64 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **NITROGEN OXIDES** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 313 | 317 | 329 | 338 | 338 | 342 | 343 | 346 | 352 | 354 | 360 | 362 | 362 | 366 | 370 | 372 | 373 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 308 | 313 | 319 | 330 | 331 | 334 | 335 | 339 | 346 | 349 | 354 | 354 | 354 | 354 | 359 | 361 | 362 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **SULPHUR OXIDES** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 19,7 | 19,5 | 19,5 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 19,7 | 19,5 | 19,5 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | 19,6 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **BLACK CARBON - BC** |||||||||||||||||| | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 1,89 | 1,96 | 2,03 | 1,93 | 1,91 | 1,89 | 1,85 | 1,83 | 1,81 | 1,80 | 1,79 | 1,77 | 1,74 | 1,73 | 1,73 | 1,74 | 1,75 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 1,91 | 2,01 | 2,08 | 1,97 | 1,95 | 1,93 | 1,90 | 1,88 | 1,86 | 1,84 | 1,83 | 1,82 | 1,78 | 1,79 | 1,79 | 1,80 | 1,80 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **PARTICULATE MATTER - PM** |||||||||||||||||| | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 3,94 | 4,08 | 4,23 | 4,02 | 3,98 | 3,93 | 3,86 | 3,81 | 3,77 | 3,74 | 3,72 | 3,69 | 3,62 | 3,59 | 3,61 | 3,62 | 3,64 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 3,98 | 4,19 | 4,33 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **CARBON MONOXIDE - CO** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 73,8 | 61,6 | 47,7 | 42,4 | 41,5 | 40,6 | 39,7 | 38,6 | 37,8 | 37,3 | 37,0 | 36,8 | 40,1 | 36,2 | 34,2 | 34,2 | 34,7 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 71,0 | 60,3 | 44,9 | 40,0 | 39,2 | 38,3 | 37,4 | 36,4 | 35,9 | 35,6 | 35,5 | 35,6 | 35,3 | 35,5 | 33,5 | 33,6 | 34,0 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following | + | For **pollutant-specific |
</ | </ | ||
===== Uncertainties ===== | ===== Uncertainties ===== | ||
- | For uncertainties information, | + | For uncertainties information, |
===== Planned improvements ===== | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
- | For information on planned improvements, | + | For information on planned improvements, |
- | + | ||
- | ===== FAQs ===== | + | |
- | ------ | ||
- | [[bibliography]] | + | [(KNOERR2010> |
+ | [(KNOERR2022c> | ||
+ | [(GORES2022> | ||
+ | [(EMEPEEA2019> | ||
+ | [(EUROCONTROL2022> | ||
- | : 1 : Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010): Entwicklung eines eigenständigen Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV) : Endbericht. Endbericht zum F+E-Vorhaben 360 16 029, URL: https:// | ||
- | : 2 : Knörr et al. (2019c): Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S.: TREMOD Aviation (TREMOD AV) 2019 - Revision des Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV). Heidelberg, Berlin: Ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH & Öko-Institut e.V., Berlin & Heidelberg, 2019. | ||
- | : 3 : Gores (2019): Inventartool zum deutschen Flugverkehrsinventar 1990-2018, im Rahmen der Aktualisierung des Moduls TREMOD-AV im Transportemissionsmodell TREMOD, Berlin, 2019. | ||
- | : 4 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019 - Copenhagen, 2019 | ||
- | : 5 : Eurocontrol (2019): Advanced emission model (AEM); https:// | ||
- | [[/ |