====== 1.A.3.b vii - Road Transport: Automobile Road Abrasion ======
===== Short description =====
In sub-category //1.A.3.b vii - Road Transport: Automobile Road Abrasion// emissions from road abrasion in Road Transport are reported. Therefore, this sub-category is an important source for a) particle emissions and b) emissions of heavy metals, POPs etc. included in these particles.
^ Category Code ^ Method ^ AD ^ EF ^
| 1.A.3.b vii | T1, T3 | NS, M | CS |
| {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} ||||
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| NOx | NMVOC | SO2 | NH3 ^ PM2.5 ^ PM10 ^ TSP ^ BC ^ CO ^ Pb ^ Cd | Hg ^ As ^ Cr ^ Cu ^ Ni ^ Se ^ Zn | POPs |
| NA | NA | NA | NA ^ L/- ^ L/- ^ L/- | NE | -/- | -/- | -/- | NA | -/- | -/- | -/- | -/- | NE | -/- | NA |
| {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}} |||||||||||||||||||
===== Methodology =====
==== Activity data ====
Abrasive emissions from tyre and brake wear are estimated based on vehicle-type specific mileage data. For detailed mileage data, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:start | superordinate chapter ]] on abrasive emissions from road vehicles.
==== Emission factors ====
__Table 1: Emission factors applied__
| | ^ **PCs** ^ **LDVs** ^ **HDVs** ^ **Buses** ^ **Mopeds** ^ **Motorcycles** ^
^ BC | [mg/km] | NA ||||||
^ PM2.5 | ::: | 4.05 | 4.05 | 20.5 | 20.5 | 1.62 | 1.62 |
^ PM10 | ::: | 7.50 | 7.50 | 38.0 | 34.2 | 3.00 | 3.00 |
^ TSP | ::: | 15.0 | 15.0 | 76.0 | 76.0 | 6.00 | 6.00 |
^ Pb | [µg/km] | 0.00006 | 0.00006 | 0.00031 | 0.00006 | 0.00002 | 0.00002 |
^ Hg | ::: | NA ||||||
^ Cd | ::: | 0.000003 | 0.000003 | 0.000016 | 0.000003 | 0.000001 | 0.000001 |
^ As | ::: | 0.00004 | 0.00004 | 0.00020 | 0.00004 | 0.00002 | 0.00002 |
^ Cr | ::: | 0.00108 | 0.00108 | 0.00547 | 0.00108 | 0.00043 | 0.00043 |
^ Cu | ::: | 0.00004 | 0.00004 | 0.00019 | 0.00004 | 0.00001 | 0.00001 |
^ Ni | ::: | 0.00057 | 0.00057 | 0.00289 | 0.00057 | 0.00023 | 0.00023 |
^ Se | ::: | NA ||||||
^ Zn | ::: | 0.00129 | 0.00129 | 0.00654 | 0.00129 | 0.00052 | 0.00052 |
===== Discussion of emission trends =====
__Table 2: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__
| for: ^ TSP ^ PM10 ^ PM2.5 ^
| by: | Level | Level | Level |
\\
Emissions from road abrasion are directly linked to driven mileage. Thus, the overall trend of emissions from road abrasion is similar to the trend for total driven mileage.
Here, as described for tyre and brake wear, after a moderate decrease during the Covid-19 pandemic, mileage related abrasive emissions show a slow recovery not yet reaching pre-pandemic levels again.
{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:1a3bvii_em_pm.png?701 | Annual particulate matter emissions from road-surface wear.}}
{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:1a3bvii_em_pm2.5.png?701 | Annual PM2.5 emissions from road-surface wear.}}
===== Recalculations =====
Compared to last year's submission, emission estimates have been revised due to updated mileage data (see super-ordinate chapter).
__Table 3: Revised emission estimates for particulate matter, in [kt]__
| ^ 1990 ^ 1995 ^ 2000 ^ 2005 ^ 2010 ^ 2015 ^ 2016 ^ 2017 ^ 2018 ^ 2019 ^ 2020 ^ 2021 ^
| **PM2.5** |||||||||||||
^ current submission | | 3.392 | 3.724 | 3.770 | 3.871 | 4.126 | 4.205 | 4.253 | 4.289 | 4.294 | 3.830 | 3.871 |
^ previous submission | | 3.392 | 3.724 | 3.770 | 3.871 | 4.125 | 4.204 | 4.252 | 4.288 | 4.293 | 3.830 | 3.865 |
^ absolute change | | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.001 | 0.007 |
^ relative change | | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.17% |
| **PM10** |||||||||||||
^ current submission | | 6.266 | 6.881 | 6.967 | 7.153 | 7.623 | 7.767 | 7.859 | 7.925 | 7.935 | 7.082 | 7.157 |
^ previous submission | | 6.266 | 6.881 | 6.966 | 7.152 | 7.621 | 7.765 | 7.857 | 7.923 | 7.934 | 7.081 | 7.146 |
^ absolute change | | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.002 | 0.001 | 0.011 |
^ relative change | | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.15% |
| **Total Suspended Particles (TSP)** |||||||||||||
^ current submission | 10.795 | 12.562 | 13.793 | 13.965 | 14.338 | 15.283 | 15.574 | 15.752 | 15.884 | 15.905 | 14.187 | 14.338 |
^ previous submission | 10.795 | 12.562 | 13.793 | 13.964 | 14.335 | 15.279 | 15.570 | 15.749 | 15.880 | 15.902 | 14.183 | 14.314 |
^ absolute change | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.003 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.003 | 0.024 |
^ relative change | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.01% | 0.02% | 0.03% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.02% | 0.17% |
For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2021**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].
===== Planned improvements =====
Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned.