====== 2.C.6 - Zinc Production ======

===== Short description =====

Within this NFR subcategory, SO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, TSP, As, Cd, Hg, Pb, Zn, PCDD/F, and PCB emissions from the production of zinc are reported.

^  Category Code                          ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF    ^
|  2.C.6                                  |  T2      |  AS  |  D,CS  |
|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                          ||||

----

|  NO<sub>x</sub>                         |  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC  |  CO  ^  Pb   ^  Cd   ^  Hg   ^  As   |  Cu  |  Cr  |  Ni  ^  Se  ^  Zn   ^  PCDD/F |  PAHs  |  HCB  ^ PCBs  ^
|  NA                                     |  NA     |  -/-             |  NA              |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  NE  |  NA  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NE  |  -/-  |  -/-    |  NA    |  NA   |  -/-  |
|  {{page>general:Misc:Legendkca:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                                   ||||||||||||||||||||||
===== Method =====

=== Activity data ===

The yearly production figures were taken from the annual statistical report of the German association for non-ferrous metals<sup>**[[#Bibliography| [Lit. 1]]]**</sup>. In 2022 the primary and secondary zinc production amounted to 134.9 kt.


=== Emission factors ===

The emission factor for SO<sub>x</sub> is a tier 1 default value according to the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023 <sup>**[[#Bibliography| [Lit. 2]]]**</sup> and is supposed to be constant. All other emission factors are tier 2 level factors, have a decreasing trend and were determined in research projects. The EF for the heavy metals (HM) are taken from a research project<sup>**[[#Bibliography| [Lit. 3]]]**</sup>.

__Table 1: emission factors applied for primary and secondary zinc production (3 digits rounded off)__
|                   ^  EF (primary)  ^  EF (secondary)      ^  Unit  ^
^ SO<sub>2</sub>    |     1.35            ||  kg/t  |
^ PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |     38.5            ||  g/t  |
^ PM<sub>10</sub>   |     61.3            ||  g/t  |
^ TSP               |     100             ||   g/t  |
^ As                |     123.882    |   30    |  mg/t  |
^ Cd                |     1085   |   230   |  mg/t  |
^ Hg                |     500    |   1.5   |  mg/t  |
^ Pb                |   19.605   |   0.95   |  g/t  |
^ Zn                |      51.968    |  9   |  g/t  |
^ PCB               |      1              ||  mg/t  |
^ PCDD/F            |      0.15           ||  µg/t  |


==== Uncertainties ====

The uncertainties for the production amounts are 5% and for the emission factors not more than 300%. Only for dioxines the upper bond uncertainty is about 900%.


===== Recalculations =====

<WRAP center round info 65%>
With **activity data and emission factors remaining unrevised**, no recalculations were carried out compared to the previous submission.
</WRAP>

===== Planned improvements =====
No category specific improvements are planned.

------

===== Bibliography =====
**Lit.  1:**  German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle): Annual statistical report: https://www.wvmetalle.de \\ 
**Lit.  2:**  EMEP/EEA, 2023: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, Copenhagen, 2023. [[https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes-and-product-use/2-c-metal-production/2-c-6-zinc-production-2023/view|https://www.eea.europa.eu]]\\
**Lit.  3:** Ökopol, IER, IZT, IfG: Bereitstellung einer qualitätsgesicherten Datengrundlage für die Emissionsberichterstattung zur Umsetzung von internationalen Luftreinhalte- und Klimaschutzvereinbarungen für ausgewählte Industriebranchen Teilvorhaben 2: NE-Metallindustrie, Kalkindustrie, Gießereien. \\