Table of Contents

1.A.3.b v - Gasoline Evaporation

Short description

In category 1.A.3.b v - Road Transport: Gasoline evaporation fugitive emissions from the evaporation of gasoline from road vehicles are reported.

NFR Code Method AD EF
1.A.3.b v T2 NS, M CS, M

Click to view Legend

Click to hide Legend

Method(s) applied
D Default
T1 Tier 1 / Simple Methodology *
T2 Tier 2*
T3 Tier 3 / Detailed Methodology *
C CORINAIR
CS Country Specific
M Model
* as described in the EMEP/EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook - 2019, in category chapters.
(source for) Activity Data
NS National Statistics
RS Regional Statistics
IS International Statistics
PS Plant Specific
As Associations, business organisations
Q specific Questionnaires (or surveys)
M Model / Modelled
C Confidential
(source for) Emission Factors
D Default (EMEP Guidebook)
CS Country Specific
PS Plant Specific
M Model / Modelled
C Confidential
NOx NMVOC SO2 NH3 PM2.5 PM10 TSP BC CO Heavy Metals POPs
NA L/T NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA

Click to view Legend

Click to hide Legend

L/- key source by Level only
-/T key source by Trend only
L/T key source by both Level and Trend
-/- no key source for this pollutant
IE emission of specific pollutant Included Elsewhere (i.e. in another category)
NE emission of specific pollutant Not Estimated (yet)
NA specific pollutant not emitted from this source or activity = Not Applicable
* no analysis done

Methodology

Activity data

Specific data for gasoline evaporation from road vehicles are generated within TREMOD 1). - The following table provides an overview of annual amounts of gasoline evaported from road vehicles in Germany.

Table 1: Annual amount of gasoline evaporated from road vehicles, in kilotonnes

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
PCs 10,926 9,239 8,537 7,434 6,091 5,700 5,643 5,588 5,331 5,383 4,827 4,708 4,880
LDVs 213 203 182 112 61.2 55.0 59.1 63.9 69.6 77.4 76.2 74.3 77.5
Mopeds 105 97.0 204 218 154 142 143 143 136 140 142 135 146
Motorcycles 50.2 42.2 43.9 47.5 58.3 61.8 61.2 58.6 58.4 59.6 61.3 55.4 61.2
Ʃ 1.A.3.b v 11,283 9,581 8,967 7,812 6,364 5,959 5,907 5,853 5,595 5,661 5,107 4,973 5,166

source: TREMOD

(Implied) Emission factors

Tier3 emission factors representing the effect of mitigation technologies are derived from TREMOD.

Table 2: Overview of implied emission factors per vehcile type, in kg/t

Mitigation 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
PCs Euro_1_I 0.18 1.25 1.82 2.30 2.85 3.39 3.45 3.48 3.61 3.69 3.97 4.41 4.38
Euro_2_II 1.47 1.95 2.42 2.99 4.02 4.23 4.42 4.73 4.98 5.45 6.08 6.19
Euro_3_III 1.93 2.41 2.85 3.64 3.80 3.94 4.19 4.39 4.84 5.41 5.56
Euro_4_IV 1.67 1.91 2.11 2.77 2.89 2.99 3.17 3.31 3.66 4.10 4.20
Euro_5_V 1.81 2.25 2.38 2.50 2.69 2.83 3.18 3.60 3.69
Euro_6ab_VI 1.99 1.79 1.84 1.88 1.98 2.10 2.42 2.81 2.91
Euro_6c_VI 1.91 1.88 1.86 1.65 1.71 1.97 2.31 2.40
Euro_6d_temp_VI 1.58 1.59 1.63 1.88 2.20 2.29
Euro_6d_VI 3.22 1.57 1.96 2.27 2.35
pre-Euro 23.6 30.5 33.9 33.5 34.9 36.8 36.9 36.8 37.4 37.6 38.8 32.6 32.8
LDVs Euro_1_I 0.68 0.96 1.42 2.26 2.88 2.78 2.66 2.56 2.50 2.57 2.81 2.76
Euro_2_II 0.75 1.13 1.96 2.72 2.67 2.60 2.55 2.55 2.68 3.01 3.06
Euro_3_III 0.87 1.62 2.32 2.31 2.30 2.31 2.36 2.56 2.95 3.08
Euro_4_IV 0.69 1.17 1.93 1.96 2.00 2.05 2.14 2.37 2.81 3.02
Euro_5_V 0.97 1.09 1.11 1.16 1.23 1.32 1.51 1.82 1.98
Euro_6ab_VI 0.75 0.73 0.71 0.69 0.71 0.80 0.99 1.08
Euro_6c_VI 0.14 0.13 0.13 0.57 0.62 0.67 0.81 0.91
Euro_6d_temp_VI 0.50 0.53 0.60 0.74 0.81
Euro_6d_VI 13.79 13.96 13.76 13.40 12.91 2.70 1.43 1.24
pre-Euro 20.5 17.1 17.1 17.6 20.3 21.7 20.4 19.3 18.5 18.0 18.2 17.0 17.0
Mopeds Euro_1_I 16.6 15.0 14.6 16.0 16.4 17.0 17.1 17.3 17.3 19.5 18.4
Euro_2_II 13.2 11.6 11.3 11.3 11.5 11.5 11.7 11.8 13.3 12.8
Euro_4_IV 9.34 9.26 9.17 10.17 9.81
Euro_5_V 9.69 9.14
pre-Euro 14.0 14.6 15.2 15.8 15.7 16.2 17.8 17.5
Motorcycles Euro_1_I 14.2 14.0 18.8 25.7 26.7 27.2 28.3 28.3 29.0 31.6 30.6
Euro_2_II 11.0 15.3 21.3 22.2 22.7 23.7 23.9 24.6 27.2 27.2
Euro_3_III 10.7 11.0 14.3 14.6 14.8 15.6 15.7 16.3 18.1 18.0
Euro_4_IV 14.0 14.6 15.2 15.8 15.7 16.2 17.8 17.5
Euro_5_V 17.6 16.8
pre-Euro 37.4 19.2 19.9 18.0 17.4 18.1 18.3 18.8 18.8 18.8 18.7 20.8 19.5

Table 3: Outcome of Key Category Analysis

for: NMVOC
by: Level & Trend

NFR 1.A.3.b v is key source for emissions of Non-Methane Volatile Organic Compounds - NMVOC. (fugitive emissions only; no NMVOC emissions from fuel combustion included)

Since its maximum level of over 11,000 kilotonnes in 1990, the amount of evaporated gasoline is decreasing - and so are the related NMVOC emissions. The amounts of evaporated gasoline are connected directly with those of gasoline consumed. Here, the decrease becomes sharper from 2000 onwards following a growing switch from gasoline to diesel oil especially in passenger cars. Here, the annual amounts of NMVOC emissions from evaporation not only depend directly on the amount of evaporated gasoline but also on the number of vehicles equipped with mitigation technologies. Thus, the decrease is sharpest straight after 1990 and since then slowing down.

Recalculations

Activity data have been revised for all years.

Table 4: Revised annual amounts of evaporated gasoline, in kilotonnes

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
current submission 11,294 9,581 8,967 7,812 6,364 5,959 5,907 5,853 5,595 5,661 5,107 4,973
previous submission 11,294 9,581 8,967 7,894 6,446 5,745 5,748 5,864 5,576 5,602 5,186 5,076
absolute change 0.00 0.00 0.00 -82.0 -81.4 214 159 -11.0 18.9 58.6 -79.2 -103
relative change 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% -1.04% -1.26% 3.73% 2.77% -0.19% 0.34% 1.05% -1.53% -2.03%

In addition, the NMVOC emission factors applied were revised for several years.

As a result, NMVOC emissions from gasoline evaporation were re-estimated as follows:

Table 5: Re-estimated NMVOC emissions, in kilotonnes

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
current submission 213 123 56.7 30.8 21.7 23.0 23.1 23.0 22.5 23.0 22.4 23.1
previous submission 213 123 56.7 31.1 22.0 22.1 22.5 23.1 22.5 22.7 22.7 23.6
absolute change 0.00 0.00 0.00 -0.32 -0.28 0.82 0.62 -0.04 0.08 0.24 -0.35 -0.52
relative change 0.00% 0.00% 0.00% -1.04% -1.26% 3.73% 2.77% -0.19% 0.34% 1.05% -1.53% -2.21%

For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2021, please see the recalculation tables following chapter 8.1 - Recalculations.

Planned improvements

Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned.

1) Knörr et al. (2022a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: Energieverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland 1960-2035, sowie TREMOD, im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, Heidelberg & Berlin, 2022.