====== Explanation of Key Trends - Fine Particulate Matter (PM₁₀) ======

===== Main drivers =====


Between 1995 and 2024, **total PM<sub>10</sub> emissions dropped by 49.2%**. 

The **main drivers** for PM<sub>10</sub> emissions are **Fuel Combustion (NFR 1.A)** with 48% of total 1995 emissions and a 63% reduction between 1995 and 2024 **and**, as a total, the **Industrial Processes (NFR 2)** (and here especially **Handling of Bulk Products NFR 2.L**) with 38% of total 1995 emissions and a 46% reduction.

Within NFR 1.A, **Transport (NFR 1.A.3)** produces the biggest part of PM<sub>10</sub> emissions. Here, about 88% of the 2024 Transport PM<sub>10</sub> emissions are caused by **Road Transport (NFR 1.A.3.b)**.
About 15% of these emissions are directly caused by **fuel combustion (NFRs 1.A.3.b.i-iv)** whereas 85% stem from **tyre and brake wear (1.A.3.b.vi) and road abrasion (vii)**.

__Table: PM<sub>10</sub> Emissions 1990-2024, in kilotonnes [kt]__
^                                                                                                                                                 Trend: latest year compared to... |||||||||||||||||
^  1995                              ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^  2023  ^  2024  |   ^  ...BY (1995)  ^  ...previous year  ^
|  335                               |  294   |  244   |  228   |  215   |  200   |  203   |  210   |  196   |  183   |  184   |  186   |  184   |  170   |   |  -49.2%        |  -7.3%             |

{{ :general:trends:iir_pm10_trend_from_1990.png?direct&800 | trend of PM<sub>10</sub> emisisons, by sector}}
{{ :general:trends:iir_pm10_trend_from_2005.png?direct&800 | trend of PM<sub>10</sub> emisisons, by sector, from 2005}}