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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:other:start [2026/03/11 09:26] – [Trend Discussion for Key Sources] cansector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:other:start [2026/04/10 13:35] (current) – [Recalculations] can
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-^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC   ^  CO   ^  Pb   ^  Cd   ^  Hg   ^ As   ^ Cr   ^ Cu   ^ Ni   ^ Se   ^ Zn   ^  PCDD/F  ^  B(a)P  ^  B(b)F  ^  B(k)F  ^  I(x)P  ^  PAH1-4  ^  HCB  ^ PCBs  ^ +^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC   ^  CO   ^  Pb   ^  Cd   ^  Hg   ^  As   ^  Cr   ^  Cu   ^  Ni   ^  Se   ^  Zn   ^  PCDD/F  ^  B(a)P  ^  B(b)F  ^  B(k)F  ^  I(x)P  ^  PAH1-4  ^  HCB  ^ PCBs  ^ 
-^  L/T                                    |  -/-    ^  L/T             |  -/-             ^  L/-               |  -/-              ^  L/T  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  -/-  ^  L/-  ^  L/T  ^ L/T  ^ -/T  | -/-  ^ L/T  | -/-  ^ L/T  ^  L/T     ^  -/T    |  IE     |  IE     |  IE     ^  -/T     |  -/-  ^  L/-  ^ +^  L/T                                    |  -/-    ^  L/T             |  -/-             ^  L/-               |  -/-              ^  L/T  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  -/-  ^  L/-  ^  L/T  ^  L/T  ^  -/T  |  -/-  ^  L/T  |  -/-  ^  L/T  ^  L/T     ^  -/T    |  IE     |  IE     |  IE     ^  -/T     |  -/-  ^  L/-  ^ 
-|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ||||||||||||||||||||||||||+|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  
 {{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:Sachtleben_chemie.png| Illustration of Sachtleben Chemie}} {{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:Sachtleben_chemie.png| Illustration of Sachtleben Chemie}}
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 ===== Method ===== ===== Method =====
  
-Generally, the calculation method is based on a Tier2 approach. This means the use of country-specific data at a more detailed level. +Generally, the calculation method is based on a Tier 2 approach. This means the use of country-specific data at a more detailed level. 
  
 Emission factors and activity data are available for different fuel types, different technologies, plant size, etc. The use of plant-specific data for a bottom-up approach is not possible. Emissions from industrial power plants cannot be allocated clearly to source category 1.A.2, since reality does not follow the definition of the Guidebook. In real life an industrial power plant generates electricity and heat for the industry but also electricity for the public network. Therefore the borderline between these two categories is not fixed.  Emission factors and activity data are available for different fuel types, different technologies, plant size, etc. The use of plant-specific data for a bottom-up approach is not possible. Emissions from industrial power plants cannot be allocated clearly to source category 1.A.2, since reality does not follow the definition of the Guidebook. In real life an industrial power plant generates electricity and heat for the industry but also electricity for the public network. Therefore the borderline between these two categories is not fixed. 
  
 The market is not static. Frequent changes in the cooperate structure of industrial enterprises including the separation of the energy supply via spin-off from the parent company lead to frequent changes between sector 1.A.1.a, 1.A.1.c and 1.A.2. Therefore it was necessary to develop a flexible calculation system, based on robust emission factors, which can be used for all sectors. The market is not static. Frequent changes in the cooperate structure of industrial enterprises including the separation of the energy supply via spin-off from the parent company lead to frequent changes between sector 1.A.1.a, 1.A.1.c and 1.A.2. Therefore it was necessary to develop a flexible calculation system, based on robust emission factors, which can be used for all sectors.
-Source category 1.A.2.g.viii does only include emissions from industrial power plants and boiler systems.+ 
 +Source category 1.A.2.g.viii only include emissions from industrial power plants and boiler systems.
  
 ==== Activity data ==== ==== Activity data ====
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 The key source of all conventional fuel data are the national energy balances published by the Working Group on Energy Balances (AGEB, 2025)[(AGEB2025)].  The key source of all conventional fuel data are the national energy balances published by the Working Group on Energy Balances (AGEB, 2025)[(AGEB2025)]. 
  
-Moreover, the use of additional statistical data is necessary in order to disaggregate data. Data source for fuel inputs for electricity generation in industrial power stations are shown in Energy Balance line 12. The difference resulting after deduction of the fuel inputs for refinery power stations, pit power stations, power stations in the hard-coal-mining sector and, for the period until 1999, for the power stations of German Railways (Deutsche Bahn) consists of the activity data for other industrial power stations. These data cannot be further differentiated. Additional data from the Federal Statistical Office are needed for allocation of fuel inputs to heat production in industrial power stations and boiler systems. For both electricity production and heat production, gas turbines, gas and steam systems and gas engines are differentiated. These detailed information is provided by the national statistic 067 (industrial power stations). The definition of industrial and public power plants follows the National statistics.+Moreover, the use of additional statistical data is necessary in order to disaggregate data. Data source for fuel inputs for electricity generation in industrial power stations are shown in Energy Balance line 12. The difference resulting after deduction of the fuel inputs for refinery power stations, pit power stations, power stations in the hard-coal-mining sector and, for the period until 1999, for the power stations of German Railways (Deutsche Bahn) consists of the activity data for other industrial power stations. These data cannot be further differentiated. Additional data from the Federal Statistical Office are needed for allocation of fuel inputs to heat production in industrial power stations and boiler systems. For both electricity production and heat production, gas turbines, gas and steam systems and gas engines are differentiated. These detailed information is provided by the national statistic 067 (industrial power stations). The definition of industrial and public power plants follows the national statistics.
  
 === Biomass === === Biomass ===
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 In 2018 and 2019 SO<sub>2</sub>, NOx, TSP, PM, CO, NH<sub>3</sub> and Hg emission factors were revised for all large combustion plants by using data from the large combustion plant reporting (UBA 2019)[(UBA2019)]. A detailed description of the procedure is presented in Chapter: 1.A.1.a - Public Electricity And Heat Production. This chapter contains also information about emission factors of engines and waste incineration plants. In 2018 and 2019 SO<sub>2</sub>, NOx, TSP, PM, CO, NH<sub>3</sub> and Hg emission factors were revised for all large combustion plants by using data from the large combustion plant reporting (UBA 2019)[(UBA2019)]. A detailed description of the procedure is presented in Chapter: 1.A.1.a - Public Electricity And Heat Production. This chapter contains also information about emission factors of engines and waste incineration plants.
-In terms of black carbon default emission factors for the EMEP EEA Guidebook 2019 are used.+For black carbon, default emission factors for the EMEP EEA Guidebook 2019 are used.
  
-__Table 1: Implied emission factors for industrial electricity and heat generation for 2023__+__Table 1: Implied emission factors for industrial electricity and heat generation for 2024__
 |                  ^  SO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  CO   ^  Pb      ^  Hg   ^  Cd   ^ |                  ^  SO<sub>x</sub>  ^  NO<sub>x</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  CO   ^  Pb      ^  Hg   ^  Cd   ^
 |                  ^  [kg/TJ]                                         |||^  [g/TJ]                ||| |                  ^  [kg/TJ]                                         |||^  [g/TJ]                |||
-^ Hard Coal        |            142.9 |            101.2 |   3.3 |  25.9 |     4.98 |  2.34 |  0.36 | +^ Hard Coal        |            150.8 |            101.3 |   3.4 |  26.2 |     4.85 |  2.36 |  0.36 | 
-^ Lignite          |            190.0 |             90.0 |   4.9 |  45.7 |     1.53 |  2.46 |  0.20 | +^ Lignite          |            196.7 |             90.7 |   4.1 |  45.4 |     1.52 |  2.47 |  0.20 | 
-^ Natural gas      |              0.1 |             41.3 |   0.2 |  10.5 |  NA      |  0.01 |  NA   | +^ Natural gas      |              0.1 |             41.4 |   0.2 |  10.9 |  NA      |  0.01 |  NA   | 
-^ Liquid fuels     |             33.3 |             53.4 |   1.4 |   5.6 |     0.75 |  0.24 |  0.06 | +^ Liquid fuels     |             28.8 |             53.5 |   1.4 |   4.8 |     0.79 |  0.24 |  0.06 | 
-^ Biomass          |              9.5 |            131.9 |  16.7 |  50.7 |     0.39 |  0.17 |  0.49 |+^ Biomass          |              9.4 |            127.1 |  14.4 |  44.5 |     0.32 |  0.25 |  0.39 |
 ^ Hazardous waste  |              0.5 |             69.2 |   0.2 |   7.8 |     4.90 |  0.34 |  1.10 | ^ Hazardous waste  |              0.5 |             69.2 |   0.2 |   7.8 |     4.90 |  0.34 |  1.10 |
  
-The table gives an overview of the implied emission factors. In reality the German inventory compiling process is very complex and includes the use of a considerable number of emission factors, which cannot be published completely in the IIR. +\\
  
-Actually there are different emission factors available for diverse fuel types, various techniques and due to permissions. However, the implied emission factor may give an impression about the order of magnitude.+The table gives an overview of the implied emission factors. The German inventory compiling process is very complex and includes the use of a considerable number of emission factors, which cannot be completely published in the IIR.  
 + 
 +There are different emission factors available depending on fuel types, firing techniques and the permissions. However, the implied emission factors may give an impression about the order of magnitude.
 PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emission factors are calculated as a fraction of TSP. The share of PM<sub>10</sub> is 90 % and the share of PM<sub>2.5</sub> is 80 % for solid fuels. This is a simple but also conservative approach, knowing that, in reality, PM emissions depend on fuel, combustion and abatement technologies. In terms of natural gas and biogas PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> fractions are considered as 100 % of TSP. Regarding wood a share of 100% PM<sub>10</sub> and 90% PM<sub>2.5</sub> is used. For liquid fuels the default share of 100% PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> is used. In the cases of co-incineration, where liquid fuels are only used for ignition in coal fired plants, the share of coal fired plants is used. PM emission reporting starts in 1995, since no sufficient information about the dust composition of the early 1990s is available. PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emission factors are calculated as a fraction of TSP. The share of PM<sub>10</sub> is 90 % and the share of PM<sub>2.5</sub> is 80 % for solid fuels. This is a simple but also conservative approach, knowing that, in reality, PM emissions depend on fuel, combustion and abatement technologies. In terms of natural gas and biogas PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> fractions are considered as 100 % of TSP. Regarding wood a share of 100% PM<sub>10</sub> and 90% PM<sub>2.5</sub> is used. For liquid fuels the default share of 100% PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> is used. In the cases of co-incineration, where liquid fuels are only used for ignition in coal fired plants, the share of coal fired plants is used. PM emission reporting starts in 1995, since no sufficient information about the dust composition of the early 1990s is available.
  
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 ==== Persistent Organic Pollutants ==== ==== Persistent Organic Pollutants ====
  
-PCDD and PCDF emissions show a decreasing trend over the whole timeseries due to decreasing fuel consumption in the industry sector.+Overall a decrease in PCDD and PCDF emissions is observed since the 90s, mainly based on the fuel consumption in the industry sector. The decreasing trend is more pronounced in the recent years.
  
 {{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:1a2gviii_em_pcddf_ohne_biomasse.png?800 |Annual emissions of PCDDF from stationary plants in 1.A.2.g.vii}} {{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:1a2gviii_em_pcddf_ohne_biomasse.png?800 |Annual emissions of PCDDF from stationary plants in 1.A.2.g.vii}}
  
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
-At the time of compiling the inventory, national energy balance is only available provisionally. Therefore, the finalization of the Energy Balance for 2022 led to recalculations.  In addition, to ensure that consumption of fuels in the official data sources is consistently included in the inventory, reallocation of fuel data between 1.A.1.b, 1.A.1.c and 1.A.2.g viii took place for the years 2003-2022. +At the time of compiling the inventory, national energy balance is only available provisionally. Therefore, the finalization of the energy balance for 2023 led to recalculations. Moreover, for the purpose of improving data quality, national energy balances go under revisions every two years (for the years starting from 2003) through fine-tuning of the computational models, consideration of new statistics or re-allocation of activity data. Due to the revisions on the input data for submission 2026, recalculations took place [(AGEB2025a)].  
- +
 <WRAP center round info 60%> <WRAP center round info 60%>
 For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2023**, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 9.1 - Recalculations]]. For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2023**, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 9.1 - Recalculations]].