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sector:energy:fugitive:gas:start [2025/04/28 16:00] – [Planned improvements] kotzullasector:energy:fugitive:gas:start [2026/03/17 10:19] (current) – [1.B.2.b.ii - Production] kotzulla
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 \\ \\
-^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  |  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |  PM<sub>10</sub>  |  TSP  |  BC  ^  CO   |  Pb  |  Cd  ^  Hg   |  Additional HM  |  POPs  | +^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  |  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |  PM<sub>10</sub>  |  TSP  |  BC  ^  CO   |  Pb  |  Cd  ^  Hg   |  Other HM  |  POPs  | 
-|  -/-                                    |  -/-    |  -/-             |  NA              |  NA                |  NA               |  NA   |  NA  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  -/-  |  NA             |  NA    | +|  -/-                                    |  -/-    |  -/-             |  NA              |  NA                |  NA               |  NA   |  NA  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  -/-  |  NA        |  NA    | 
-|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                      ||||||||||||||+|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                 ||||||||||||||
  
 ===== 1.B.2.b.i - Exploration ===== ===== 1.B.2.b.i - Exploration =====
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 __Table 1: Produced quantities of natural gas, in [Billion m<sup>3</sup>]__ __Table 1: Produced quantities of natural gas, in [Billion m<sup>3</sup>]__
-^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^ +^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^  2024  ^ 
-|  15.3  |  19.1  |  20.1  |  18.8  |  12.7  |  8.6   |  5.2   |  4.3   |+|  15.3  |  19.1  |  20.1  |  18.8  |  12.7  |  8.6   |  5.2   |  4.3   |  4.2   |
  
 +\\
  
-__Table 2: Emission factors for Natural gas production, in [g/ 1000 m<sup>3</sup>]__+__Table 2: Emission factors for Natural gas production, in [g/1.000m<sup>3</sup>]__
 ^  Substance  ^  Emission Factor  ^ ^  Substance  ^  Emission Factor  ^
 |  NMVOC      |  2                | |  NMVOC      |  2                |
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 __Table 3: Sulphur production from natural gas production, in [kt]__ __Table 3: Sulphur production from natural gas production, in [kt]__
-^  1990  ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^ +^  1990  ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^  2024  ^ 
-|  915   |  1,053  |  1,100  |  1,050  |  832   |  628   |  353   |  277   |+|  915   |  1,053  |  1,100  |  1,050  |  832   |  628   |  353   |  277   |  280   | 
 + 
 +\\
  
 For processing of sour gas, data of the BVEG (the former WEG) for the period since 2000 are used. This data is the result of the BVEG members' own measurements and calculations. For calculation of emissions from sour-gas processing, a split factor of 0.4 relative to the activity data is applied. That split factor is based on the BVEG report [(BVEG2022)] on sour-gas processing. For processing of sour gas, data of the BVEG (the former WEG) for the period since 2000 are used. This data is the result of the BVEG members' own measurements and calculations. For calculation of emissions from sour-gas processing, a split factor of 0.4 relative to the activity data is applied. That split factor is based on the BVEG report [(BVEG2022)] on sour-gas processing.
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 __Table 5: Activity data applied for NFR 1.B.2.b.iv__ __Table 5: Activity data applied for NFR 1.B.2.b.iv__
-^                                   ^  Unit        ^  1990    ^  1995    ^  2000    ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2020    ^  2023    ^ +^                                   ^  Unit        ^  1990    ^  1995    ^  2000    ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2020    ^  2023    ^  2024   ^ 
-| Length of transmission pipelines  |  km          |  22,696  |  28,671  |  32,214  |  34,086  |  35,503  |  34,270  |  33,809  |  34,035  | +| Length of transmission pipelines  |  km          |  22,696  |  28,671  |  32,214  |  34,086  |  35,503  |  34,270  |  33,809  |  34,035  | 34,035  | 
-| Cavern reservoirs                 |  Billion m³  |  2.8     |  4.8     |  6.1     |  6.8     |  9.2     |  14.3    |  15.1    |  14.3    | +| Cavern reservoirs                 |  Billion m³  |  2.8     |  4.8     |  6.1     |  6.8     |  9.2     |  14.3    |  15.1    |  14.3    |  14     | 
-| Porous-rock reservoirs            |  Billion m³  |  5.2     |  8.5     |  12.5    |  12.4    |  12.1    |  9.8     |  8.6     |  8.6     |+| Porous-rock reservoirs            |  Billion m³  |  5.2     |  8.5     |  12.5    |  12.4    |  12.1    |  9.8     |  8.6     |  8.6     |  8.6    | 
 + 
 +\\
  
 Most of the gas extracted in Germany is moved via pipelines from gas fields and their pumping stations (either on land or off the coast). Imported gas is also transported mainly via pipelines. Most of the gas extracted in Germany is moved via pipelines from gas fields and their pumping stations (either on land or off the coast). Imported gas is also transported mainly via pipelines.
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 __Table 7: Length of natural gas distribution network, in [km]__  __Table 7: Length of natural gas distribution network, in [km]__ 
-^  1990      ^  1995     ^  2000     ^  2005     ^  2010     ^  2015     ^  2020     ^  2023     ^ +^  1990      ^  1995     ^  2000     ^  2005     ^  2010     ^  2015     ^  2020     ^  2023     ^  2024    ^ 
-|  282,612   |  366,987  |  362,388  |  402,391  |  471,886  |  474,570  |  503,543  |  529,000  |+|  282,612   |  366,987  |  362,388  |  402,391  |  471,886  |  474,570  |  503,543  |  529,000  | 557,000  | 
 +\\
  
 **Pipeline network** **Pipeline network**
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 __Table 8: Number of gas meters in the residential and institutional / commercial sector, in Millions__  __Table 8: Number of gas meters in the residential and institutional / commercial sector, in Millions__ 
-^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^ +^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2020  ^  2023  ^  2024  ^ 
-|  10.3  |  12.7  |  12.8  |  13.3  |  12.9  |  13.0  |  13.1  |  13.1  |+|  10.3  |  12.7  |  12.8  |  13.3  |  12.9  |  13.0  |  13.1  |  13.2  |  13.3  | 
 + 
 +\\
  
 The emission factors are country-specific, and they were determined via the research project by DVGW and GWI [(GWI2022)]. They include start-stopp loses at all enduser devices. The study covers methane only. The appropriate NMVOC factor was derived from the publication [(UBA2022)] (refer to chapter 6). The emission factors are country-specific, and they were determined via the research project by DVGW and GWI [(GWI2022)]. They include start-stopp loses at all enduser devices. The study covers methane only. The appropriate NMVOC factor was derived from the publication [(UBA2022)] (refer to chapter 6).
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 __Table 9: Number of natural-gas-powered vehicles__ __Table 9: Number of natural-gas-powered vehicles__
-^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000   ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2020     ^  2023     ^ +^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000   ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2020     ^  2023     ^  2024     ^ 
-|  -.-   |  -.-   |  7,500  |  28,500  |  90,000  |  97,804  |  100,807  |  100,000  |+|  -.-   |  -.-   |  7,500  |  28,500  |  90,000  |  97,804  |  100,807  |  100,000  |  100,000  |
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
  
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 [(WEG2008> WEG (2008): Report of the Association of Oil and Gas Producing (WEG - Wirtschaftsverband Erdöl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V.): "Erdgas – Erdöl. Entstehung-Suche-Förderung", https://web.archive.org/web/20220119003912/https://www.bveg.de/content/download/1990/11317/file/Erdgas%20Erd%C3%B6l%20Entstehung%20Suche%20F%C3%B6rderung.pdf; Hannover, 2008)] [(WEG2008> WEG (2008): Report of the Association of Oil and Gas Producing (WEG - Wirtschaftsverband Erdöl- und Erdgasgewinnung e.V.): "Erdgas – Erdöl. Entstehung-Suche-Förderung", https://web.archive.org/web/20220119003912/https://www.bveg.de/content/download/1990/11317/file/Erdgas%20Erd%C3%B6l%20Entstehung%20Suche%20F%C3%B6rderung.pdf; Hannover, 2008)]
 +
 [(EXXON2014> EXXON (2014): Förderung von Erdgas in Deutschland.)] [(EXXON2014> EXXON (2014): Förderung von Erdgas in Deutschland.)]
 +
 [(ZOELLNER2014>Zöllner, S. (2014): Überführung der Bestands- und Ereignisdaten des DVGW in die Emissionsdatenbank des Umweltbundesamts. )] [(ZOELLNER2014>Zöllner, S. (2014): Überführung der Bestands- und Ereignisdaten des DVGW in die Emissionsdatenbank des Umweltbundesamts. )]
 +
 [(GASUNIE2014>GASUNIE (2014). Verdichterstationen.)] [(GASUNIE2014>GASUNIE (2014). Verdichterstationen.)]
 +
 [(OHLEN2019>Ohlen, N. v. (2019): Umsetzungsbericht zum Netzentwicklungsplan Gas 2018-2028 der Fernleitungsnetzbetreiber; https://fnb-gas.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/2019_04_01_umsetzungsbericht_2019_1.pdf )] [(OHLEN2019>Ohlen, N. v. (2019): Umsetzungsbericht zum Netzentwicklungsplan Gas 2018-2028 der Fernleitungsnetzbetreiber; https://fnb-gas.de/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/2019_04_01_umsetzungsbericht_2019_1.pdf )]
 +
 [(GROSSE2019>Grosse, C. (2019). Qualitätsprüfung der Texte für den nationalen Inventarbericht und Datenerhebung in der Quellgruppe.1.B.2.b (PNr. 1252 30).)] [(GROSSE2019>Grosse, C. (2019). Qualitätsprüfung der Texte für den nationalen Inventarbericht und Datenerhebung in der Quellgruppe.1.B.2.b (PNr. 1252 30).)]
 +
 [(LANGER2012>Langer, B. u. (2012). Ermittlung von Emissionsfaktoren und Aktivitätsraten im Bereich IPCC (1996) 1.B.2.b.iii (Bericht Nr. M96023/01, UBA FKZ 360 16 035).)] [(LANGER2012>Langer, B. u. (2012). Ermittlung von Emissionsfaktoren und Aktivitätsraten im Bereich IPCC (1996) 1.B.2.b.iii (Bericht Nr. M96023/01, UBA FKZ 360 16 035).)]
 +
 [(BDEW2016>German Association of Energy and Water Industries (BDEW) (2016). 2016 Gas Statistics “Gasstatistik 2016”. )] [(BDEW2016>German Association of Energy and Water Industries (BDEW) (2016). 2016 Gas Statistics “Gasstatistik 2016”. )]
 +
 [(GOTTWALD2012>Gottwald, Müller-Syring, & Hilbich (2012). Verbesserung der Treibhausgasemissions-berichterstattung im Bereich "Gas, Verteilung" durch Datenerhebung und Datenbereitstellung. )] [(GOTTWALD2012>Gottwald, Müller-Syring, & Hilbich (2012). Verbesserung der Treibhausgasemissions-berichterstattung im Bereich "Gas, Verteilung" durch Datenerhebung und Datenbereitstellung. )]
 +
 [(MUELLERSYRING2014>Müller-Syring, & Schütz (2014). THG-Minderungspotenziale in der europäischen Gasinfrastruktur.)] [(MUELLERSYRING2014>Müller-Syring, & Schütz (2014). THG-Minderungspotenziale in der europäischen Gasinfrastruktur.)]
 +
 [(AGEB2019a>AGEB (2019a). Energieverbrauch in Deutschland im Jahr 2018. [[https://ag-energiebilanzen.de/index.php?article_id=29&fileName=ageb_jahresbericht2018_20190326_dt.pdf|External Link]] )] [(AGEB2019a>AGEB (2019a). Energieverbrauch in Deutschland im Jahr 2018. [[https://ag-energiebilanzen.de/index.php?article_id=29&fileName=ageb_jahresbericht2018_20190326_dt.pdf|External Link]] )]
 [(REICHERTSCHOEN2020>Reichert, J, Schön, M (2000). Methanemissionen durch den Einsatz von Gas in Deutschland von 1990 bis 1997 mit einem Ausblick auf 2010. Fraunhofer ISI (2000).)] [(REICHERTSCHOEN2020>Reichert, J, Schön, M (2000). Methanemissionen durch den Einsatz von Gas in Deutschland von 1990 bis 1997 mit einem Ausblick auf 2010. Fraunhofer ISI (2000).)]
 [(DVGW2018>DVGW. GI - G 600 Arbeitsblatt 2018, published by DVGW (2018) [[https://www.dvgw.de/leistungen/regeln-und-normen|External Link]] )] [(DVGW2018>DVGW. GI - G 600 Arbeitsblatt 2018, published by DVGW (2018) [[https://www.dvgw.de/leistungen/regeln-und-normen|External Link]] )]
 +
 [(UBA2022>Boettcher, C. (2022) Aktualisierung der Emissionsfaktoren für Methan für die Erdgasbereitstellung, published by UBA [[https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/aktualisierung-der-emissionsfaktoren-fuer-methan|External Link]] )] [(UBA2022>Boettcher, C. (2022) Aktualisierung der Emissionsfaktoren für Methan für die Erdgasbereitstellung, published by UBA [[https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/aktualisierung-der-emissionsfaktoren-fuer-methan|External Link]] )]
 +
 [(GWI2022>Entwicklung der Methanemissionen in der Gasanwendung, published by DVGW and GWI (2022) [[https://www.dvgw.de/themen/forschung-und-innovation/forschungsprojekte/dvgw-forschungsprojekt-megan|External Link]] )] [(GWI2022>Entwicklung der Methanemissionen in der Gasanwendung, published by DVGW and GWI (2022) [[https://www.dvgw.de/themen/forschung-und-innovation/forschungsprojekte/dvgw-forschungsprojekt-megan|External Link]] )]
 +
 [(BVEG2022>BVEG (2022). Statistischer Jahresbericht 2021 [[https://www.bveg.de/der-verband/publikationen/statistischer-jahresbericht-2021|External Link]] )] [(BVEG2022>BVEG (2022). Statistischer Jahresbericht 2021 [[https://www.bveg.de/der-verband/publikationen/statistischer-jahresbericht-2021|External Link]] )]