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sector:ippu:chemical_industry:other:start [2025/04/29 13:38] – kotzullasector:ippu:chemical_industry:other:start [2026/03/13 09:19] (current) – [Table] kotzulla
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 | [[#Chlor-alkali industry|Chlor-alkali industry]]                    | Hg                                                          |  T3      |  PS  |  -      |                | | [[#Chlor-alkali industry|Chlor-alkali industry]]                    | Hg                                                          |  T3      |  PS  |  -      |                |
 {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}
 +
 +----
 +
 +|  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^ NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC   ^  CO   |  Pb  |  Cd  ^  Hg   |  As  |  Cr  |  Cu  |  Ni  |  Se  |  Zn  ^  PCDD/F  |  PAH  |  HCB  |  PCBs  |
 +|  NA                                     |  -/-    ^  L/-             |  -/-            |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  -/-  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  -/-     |  NA   |  NA   |  NA    |
 +|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                                 ||||||||||||||||||||||
 +
 +
  
 ===== Method ===== ===== Method =====
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 __Table 2: National NMVOC emission factors for the production of organic chemicals, in kg/t__ __Table 2: National NMVOC emission factors for the production of organic chemicals, in kg/t__
- 
 ^            ^  Acrylonitrile  ^  Ethylbenzene  ^  Ethylene  ^  Ethylene Dichloride  ^  Ethylene Oxide  ^  Formaldehyde (Methanal)  ^  Methanol  ^  Phthalic Anhydride  ^  Propene  ^  Styrene  ^  Vinyl Chloride  ^ ^            ^  Acrylonitrile  ^  Ethylbenzene  ^  Ethylene  ^  Ethylene Dichloride  ^  Ethylene Oxide  ^  Formaldehyde (Methanal)  ^  Methanol  ^  Phthalic Anhydride  ^  Propene  ^  Styrene  ^  Vinyl Chloride  ^
 ^ 1990-1994  |  5              |  0.6           |  5         |  C                    |  5               |  5                        |  0.04      |  5                   |  2.5      |  0.02     |  0.2             | ^ 1990-1994  |  5              |  0.6           |  5         |  C                    |  5               |  5                        |  0.04      |  5                   |  2.5      |  0.02     |  0.2             |
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 ^ 1999       |  0.04           |  0.012         |  0.25      |  C                    |  0.04            |  0.012                    |  0.04      |  0.12                |  0.12     |  0.02     |  0.12            | ^ 1999       |  0.04           |  0.012         |  0.25      |  C                    |  0.04            |  0.012                    |  0.04      |  0.12                |  0.12     |  0.02     |  0.12            |
 ^ from 2000  |  0.035          |  0.01          |  0.2       |  C                    |  0.03            |  0.01                     |  0.04      |  0.1                 |  0.1      |  0.02     |  0.1             | ^ from 2000  |  0.035          |  0.01          |  0.2       |  C                    |  0.03            |  0.01                     |  0.04      |  0.1                 |  0.1      |  0.02     |  0.1             |
- 
  
 __Table 3: National NMVOC emission factors for the production of polymers, in kg/t__ __Table 3: National NMVOC emission factors for the production of polymers, in kg/t__
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 ^            ^  Polyethylene (PE)                       |^  Polypropylen (PP)  ^  Polystyrene (PS)  ^  Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)  ^  Styrene Copolymeres  ^ ^            ^  Polyethylene (PE)                       |^  Polypropylen (PP)  ^  Polystyrene (PS)  ^  Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)  ^  Styrene Copolymeres  ^
 ^            |  Low density (LD)   |  High density (HD)  |                     |                    |                            |                       | ^            |  Low density (LD)   |  High density (HD)  |                     |                    |                            |                       |
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 The figures for carbon black production in the new German Länder in 1990 were taken from the Statistical Yearbook (Statistisches Jahrbuch) for the Federal Republic of Germany; the production for 1991 and 1992 were estimated, due to confidentiality requirements. The other data for carbon-black production as of 1990 were obtained from national production statistics. \\ \\ The figures for carbon black production in the new German Länder in 1990 were taken from the Statistical Yearbook (Statistisches Jahrbuch) for the Federal Republic of Germany; the production for 1991 and 1992 were estimated, due to confidentiality requirements. The other data for carbon-black production as of 1990 were obtained from national production statistics. \\ \\
-From 2005 onwards, Germany uses activity data calculated from the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of the Emission Trading System (ETS), delivered by the German emission trading authority (DEHSt), and the default CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor from the IPCC Guidelines 2006 for carbon black production. A comparison of the statistical data and the emission trading data leads to the conclusion, that the statistical data is most probably overestimated.+From 2005 onwards, Germany uses activity data, which is calculated from the CO<sub>2</sub> emissions of the Emission Trading System (ETS), delivered by the German emission trading authority (DEHSt), and the default CO<sub>2</sub> emission factor from the IPCC Guidelines 2006 for carbon black production. A comparison of the statistical data and the emission trading data leads to the conclusion that the statistical data is most probably overestimated.
  
 __Table 4: Emission factors of carbon black in Germany, in kg/t__ __Table 4: Emission factors of carbon black in Germany, in kg/t__
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 The activity data is also extracted from national production statistics by the Federal Statistical Office[(DESTATIS2024)] and consists of mono and multicomponent fertilizers.  The activity data is also extracted from national production statistics by the Federal Statistical Office[(DESTATIS2024)] and consists of mono and multicomponent fertilizers. 
  
-The emission factors are country specific values derived from Jörß et al. (2006)[(Umweltbundesamt, W: Jörß, V. Handke, Emissionen und Maßnahmenanalyse Feinstaub 2000-2020, 31.12.2006, Annex A, chapter A.2.4.8)] and are presented in the following table. +The emission factors are country specific values derived from Jörß et al. (2006)[(JOERSS2007)] and are presented in the following table. 
  
 __Table 5: Emission factors of fertilizers in Germany__ __Table 5: Emission factors of fertilizers in Germany__
- 
 ^            ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  TSP          ^ ^            ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  TSP          ^
 ^ 1990       |  NA               |  NA                |  1.420376946  | ^ 1990       |  NA               |  NA                |  1.420376946  |
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-The emission factor is 2.5 kg/t urea, which is a T2 EF from the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019 [(European Environment Agency: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Part B: sectoral guidance chapters, 2.B Chemical industry (Oct 2019): chapter 3.2.2, pp.32, table 3.2.9)]. +The emission factor of 2.5 kg/t urea is a tier 2 default value from the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2023[(EMEPEEA2023)].
  
  
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 The activity data for sulphuric acid production is from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany. The activity data for sulphuric acid production is from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany.
  
-For the SO<sub>x</sub> EF for sulphuric acid production a survey was made in 2019. The producers were directly asked by the association. Based on the producers data obtained, new EFs for the years 2017 and 2018 were developed. +A survey for the EF of SO<sub>x</sub> for sulphuric acid production was made in 2019. The producers were directly requested to provide information by the association. Based on the data obtained from producers, new EFs for the years 2017 and 2018 were developed. 
  
-All emissions were measured by the producers respectively or limit values are specified in the permit decision for the installation. The derived (implied) EF is weighted by the amount of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> produced. Therefore, big producers have stronger influence on the (implied) EF. +All emissions were measured by the producers respectively or limit values are specified in the permit decision for the installation. The derived (implied) EF is weighted by the amount of H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> produced. Therefore, large producers have a greater influence on the (implied) EF. 
  
-However, due to significant process optimizations and technology improvements implemented since 1990, the country-specific EF applied is well below the default.+However, due to significant process optimizations and technology improvements implemented since 1990, the applied country-specific EF is well below the default value.
  
 ==== Chlor-alkali industry ==== ==== Chlor-alkali industry ====
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 For the mercury (Hg) losses from the Chlor-alkali industry, Germany used to apply the data annualy published by OSPAR [(ODIMS (OSPAR Data & Information Management System); https://odims.ospar.org/en/search/?dataset=chlor_alkali_data)] on plant specific production capacity for the AD and plant specific emissions from the chlor-alkali industry.  For the mercury (Hg) losses from the Chlor-alkali industry, Germany used to apply the data annualy published by OSPAR [(ODIMS (OSPAR Data & Information Management System); https://odims.ospar.org/en/search/?dataset=chlor_alkali_data)] on plant specific production capacity for the AD and plant specific emissions from the chlor-alkali industry. 
  
-Because of the BAT (best available technique) conclusion for the Chlor-alkali industry, the production based upon the amalgam process has stopped in 2017. Most production sites switched to membrane technology. +Because of the BAT (best available technique) conclusion for the Chlor-alkali industry, the production based upon the amalgam process stopped in 2017. Most production sites have switched to membrane technology.
- +
-However, Hg emissions are still ocurring because two production sites still continue to use the amalgam process for the production of certain alcoholates not regulated by the BAT conclusions for Chlor-alkali production. Before 2018, these Hg-emissions were reported together with the Hg from Chlor-alkali production. But the OSPAR convention does not request the Hg emissions from alcoholate production to be reported, so CEFIC does no longer report these emissions to OSPAR. +
-Therfore, as of 2018, PRTR data is used to determine mercury emissions belonging to the alcoholate production.  +
  
 +However, Hg emissions are still ocurring because two production sites still continue to use the amalgam process for the production of certain alcoholates, which is not regulated by the BAT conclusions for Chlor-alkali production. Before 2018, these Hg-emissions were reported together with the Hg from Chlor-alkali production. But the OSPAR convention does not request the Hg emissions from alcoholate production to be reported, so CEFIC no longer reports these emissions to OSPAR.
 +Therfore, as of 2018, PRTR data has been used to determine mercury emissions from the alcoholate production. 
  
  
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 [(DESTATIS2024> Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt - Destatis): Fachserie 4, Reihe 3.1, Produzierendes Gewerbe, Produktion im Produzierenden Gewerbe (“manufacturing industry; production in the manufacturing industry”), Wiesbaden, 2024)] [(DESTATIS2024> Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt - Destatis): Fachserie 4, Reihe 3.1, Produzierendes Gewerbe, Produktion im Produzierenden Gewerbe (“manufacturing industry; production in the manufacturing industry”), Wiesbaden, 2024)]
 +[(JOERSS2007> Jörß et al. (2007): Jörß, W.; Handke, V. (Institut für Zukunftsstudien und Technologiebewertung (IZT), Berlin) mit Beiträgen von Lambrecht, U., Dünnebeil, Fr. (Institut für Energie und Umweltforschung Heidelberg (ifeu)): Emissionen und Maßnahmenanalyse Feinstaub 2000–2020. Annex A, chapter A.2.4.8, UBA-TEXTE Nr. 38/200; https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/emissionen-massnahmenanalyse-feinstaub-2000-2020; on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt; Dessau-Roßlau, 2007.)]  
 +[(EMEPEEA2023> EMEP/EEA (2023): European Environment Agency: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, Part B: sectoral guidance chapters, 2.B Chemical industry (Oct 2023): chapter 3.3.2, pp.32, table 3-29, Copenhagen, 2019)]