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general:trends:emission_trends_pm2.5 [2026/02/10 16:37] – [Table] vosengeneral:trends:emission_trends_pm2.5 [2026/02/13 10:36] (current) – vosen
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 ===== Obligations ===== ===== Obligations =====
  
-Germany has made a commitment to reduce particulate matter emissions. The revised Gothenburg Protocol and the revised NEC Directive both define emission reduction targets relative to a 2005 base year, mandating 26% (2020) and 43% (2030) reductions respectively.+Germany has made a commitment to reduce particulate matter emissions. The revised Gothenburg Protocol and the revised NEC Directive both define emission reduction targets relative to a 2005 base year, mandating 26% (by 2020) and 43% (by 2030) reductions respectively.
  
 While Germany's compliance with these obligations is not discussed here, further information on this subject can be found in [[general:projections:start|Chapter 9 - Projections]] and [[general:adjustments:start|Chapter 11 - Adjustments and Emission Ceiling Exceedance]]. While Germany's compliance with these obligations is not discussed here, further information on this subject can be found in [[general:projections:start|Chapter 9 - Projections]] and [[general:adjustments:start|Chapter 11 - Adjustments and Emission Ceiling Exceedance]].
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 ===== Main drivers ===== ===== Main drivers =====
  
-Between 1995 and 2023, **Total PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions declined by 60.8%**. +Between 1995 and 2024, **Total PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions declined by 62.0%**. 
  
-The Main Drivers for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions are **Fuel Combustion (NFR 1.A)** with 73% of total 1995 emissions and a 69% reduction between 1995 and 2023 and, as a sum, the **Industrial Processes (NFR 2)** with about 21% of total 1995 emissions and a 48% reduction between 1995 and 2023.+The **main drivers** for PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions are **Fuel Combustion (NFR 1.A)** with 73% of total 1995 emissions and a 69% reduction between 1995 and 2024 and, as a sum, the **Industrial Processes (NFR 2)** with about 21% of total 1995 emissions and a 52% reduction between 1995 and 2024.
  
-Within both National totals and NFR 1.A, **Transport (NFR 1.A.3)** is responsible for the biggest part of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions. Here, about 77% of 2019 PM<sub>2.5</sub> transport emissions are induced by **Road Transport (NFR 1.A.3.b)**, caused by two third directly by fuel consumption **(NFR 1.A.3.b.i - v)** and the other third by road abrasion and tyre and brake wear **(NFR 1.A.3.b.vi - vii)**.+Within both National totals and NFR 1.A, **Transport (NFR 1.A.3)** is responsible for the biggest part of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions. Here, about 88% of 2024 PM<sub>2.5</sub> transport emissions are induced by **Road Transport (NFR 1.A.3.b)**. About one quarter (25%) of these emissions are directly caused by **fuel combustion (NFRs 1.A.3.b.i-iv)** whereas 75% stem from **tyre and brake wear (1.A.3.b.vi) and road abrasion (vii)**.
  
-__Table: PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions 1990-2023, in kilotonnes [kt]__ +__Table: PM<sub>2.5</sub> Emissions 1990-2024, in kilotonnes [kt]__ 
- +^                                                                                                                                                 Trend: latest year compared to... ||||||||||||||||| 
-^                                                                                                                |||||||||||||^  Trend: latest compared to                   || +^  1995                              ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^  2023  ^  2024  |   ^  ...BY (1995)  ^  ...previous year  ^ 
-^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^  2023  ^  2024  ^  1995                       ^  previous year  ^ +|  196                               |  161   |  132   |  118   |  100   |  95    |  94    |  94    |  89    |  80    |  82    |  84    |  78    |  74    |   |  -62.0%        |  -4.4%             |
-|    196 |    161 |    132 |    118 |    100 |     95 |     94 |     94 |     89 |     80 |     82 |     84 |     78 |     74 |  -62.0%                     |  -4.4%          |+
  
 {{ :general:trends:iir_pm25_trend_from_1995.png?direct&700 | trend of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emisisons, by sector}} {{ :general:trends:iir_pm25_trend_from_1995.png?direct&700 | trend of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emisisons, by sector}}
 {{ :general:trends:iir_pm25_trend_from_2005.png?direct&700 | trend of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emisisons, by sector, from 2005}} {{ :general:trends:iir_pm25_trend_from_2005.png?direct&700 | trend of PM<sub>2.5</sub> emisisons, by sector, from 2005}}