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sector:ippu:mineral_industry:construction_demolition:start [2025/04/10 10:45] – [Emission factors] kotzullasector:ippu:mineral_industry:construction_demolition:start [2026/03/18 13:53] (current) – [Emission factors] kludt
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 |  NO<sub>x</sub>                         |  NMVOC  |  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^ TSP   |  BC  |  CO  |  Heavy Metals  |  POPs  | |  NO<sub>x</sub>                         |  NMVOC  |  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^ TSP   |  BC  |  CO  |  Heavy Metals  |  POPs  |
-|  NA                                     |  NA     |  NA              |  NA              |  -/-               ^  L/-              ^  L/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA            |  NA    |+|  NA                                     |  NA     |  NA              |  NA              |  -/-               ^  L/T              ^  L/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA            |  NA    |
 |  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                 ||||||||||| |  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                 |||||||||||
  
  
 \\ \\
-With respect to particle emissions, construction is the second main emissions source in the Mineral industries.+Regarding particle emissions, construction is the second-largest emissions source within NFR 2.A - Mineral industries.
  
 ===== Methodology ===== ===== Methodology =====
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 Activity data are determined taking into account figures for various construction activities and based on national production statistics.  Activity data are determined taking into account figures for various construction activities and based on national production statistics. 
  
-According to the method applied, figures of area of land affected by construction activities per building were concluded from statistical data and multiplied with emission factors, as explained below. The common uncertainty of 3% for national statistics could be increased as a result of this  alculation, but the effect has not yet been quantified.+AD is a result of multiplying the number of houses constructed and a conversion factor. 
 + 
 +According to the method applied, figures of area of land affected by construction activities per building were concluded from statistical data and multiplied with emission factors, as explained below.
  
 ==== Emission factors ==== ==== Emission factors ====
  
-The emission factors used are results of the adaptation of EMEP/EEA Guidebook defaults (EMEP/EEA, 2023) [(EMEPEEA2023)].+The emission factors used are results of the adaptation of EMEP/EEA Guidebook defaults (EMEP/EEA, 2023) [(EMEPEEA2023)], for our inventory so-called 'apllied emission factors' with following parameters: 
 +\\ 
 +- pollutant-specific emission factor, not corrected for soil moisture and silt content (kg of emitted pollutants/m² affected area/year), 
 +\\ 
 +- average affected area as product of number of buildings constructed multiplied with conversion factor (average affected area per building), 
 +\\ 
 +- duration of construction activity from default values (EMEP/EEA, 2023)[(EMEPEEA2023)], 
 +\\ 
 +- specification of precipitation-evaporation index and soil silt content as constants, 
 +\\ 
 +- efficiency of emission control measures at the moment see FAQ below. 
  
 __Table 1: Overview of apllied emission factors, in [kg/m<sup>2</sup> * y], for roads in [tons/km<sup>2</sup> * y]__ __Table 1: Overview of apllied emission factors, in [kg/m<sup>2</sup> * y], for roads in [tons/km<sup>2</sup> * y]__
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 | :::                           |  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |  50.2      |  constant over time  | | :::                           |  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |  50.2      |  constant over time  |
  
-However, further assumptions were necessary in order to apply the formula presented in the EMEP/EEA Guidebook: 
-| EM = EF * B * f * m     || 
  
-\\ 
-For example, the emission factors are adapted with correction factors of (i) 0.20 for the moisture level and (ii) 2.22 for the silt content. 
-  
-The assumption about the duration of the construction activity uses default values from (EMEP/EEA, 2023)[(EMEPEEA2023)]: 
  
-__Table 2: default duration of different construction activities, in years [y]__ 
-^ Type of building                                   ^^  estimated duration       ^^ 
-| Construction of houses (single and two family)     ||  0.5 (6 months)                 || 
-| Construction of apartments (all types)             ||  0.75 (9 months)                || 
-| Non-residential construction                       ||  0.83 (10 months)               || 
-| Road construction                                  ||  1 (12 months)                  || 
- 
-AD is a result of multiplying B the number of houses constructed and f the conversion factor. 
  
 ===== Trends in emissions ===== ===== Trends in emissions =====
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 [{{:sector:ippu:mineral_industry:EM_2A5b_since_1990.PNG|**Emission trends in NFR 2.A.5.b**}}] [{{:sector:ippu:mineral_industry:EM_2A5b_since_1990.PNG|**Emission trends in NFR 2.A.5.b**}}]
  
-Note for all: small change for 2023 
  
 Notes on PCB emissions from old buildings are provided in chapter [[sector:ippu:pops_and_hm_consumption:start|2.K - Consumption of POPs and Heavy Metals]] of this report. Notes on PCB emissions from old buildings are provided in chapter [[sector:ippu:pops_and_hm_consumption:start|2.K - Consumption of POPs and Heavy Metals]] of this report.
  
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
- 
-Recalculations were necessary due to improvements for most recently years (2020-2022): a new data gapfilling method for construction of roads. 
  
 <WRAP center round info 65%> <WRAP center round info 65%>
-For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2022**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].+With **all input data remaining unrevised**, no recalculations were made compared to the previous submission.
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
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-[(KAMPFFMEYER2016> Kampffmeyer, T., Visschedijk, A.: Development of Methods for the Generation of Emission Data for Air Pollutants from Building Activity and Construction Zones, https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=46c9c9e5-c6f9-3229-b7af-6585eb409115; on order of the Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Roßlau, 2016)]+[(KAMPFFMEYER2016> Kampffmeyer, T., Visschedijk, A.: Development of Methods for the Generation of Emission Data for Air Pollutants from Building Activity and Construction Zones, https://research.ebsco.com/linkprocessor/plink?id=46c9c9e5-c6f9-3229-b7af-6585eb409115; on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Roßlau, 2016)]
 [(EMEPEEA2023> EMEP/EEA (2023): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023; https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes-and-product-use/2-a-mineral-products/2-a-5-b-construction/@@download/file; Copenhagen, 2023)] [(EMEPEEA2023> EMEP/EEA (2023): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023; https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes-and-product-use/2-a-mineral-products/2-a-5-b-construction/@@download/file; Copenhagen, 2023)]