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sector:waste:biological_treatment_solid_waste_disposal:start [2025/04/29 17:07] – kotzullasector:waste:biological_treatment_solid_waste_disposal:start [2026/03/16 14:19] (current) – [Table] mielke
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-|  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  |  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC   |  CO  |  Heavy Metals  |  POPs  | +|  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  |  SO<sub>2</sub>  |  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  ^  BC  |  CO  |  Pb  |  Cd  |  Hg  |  As  |  Cr  |  Cu  |  Ni  |  Se  |  Zn  |  PCDD/F  |  B(a)P  |  B(b)F  |  B(k)F  |  I(x)P  |  PAHs  |  HCB  |  PCB  | 
-|  NA                                     |  -/-    |  NA              |  NA              |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA            |  NA    | +|  NA                                     |  -/-    |  NA              |  NA              |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA  |  NA      |  NA     |  NA     |  NA     |  NA     |  NA    |  NA   |  NA   | 
-|  {{page>general:Misc:Legendkca:start}}                                                                                                                                  |||||||||||+|  {{page>general:Misc:Legendkca:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
  
-In category **5.A**, __NMVOC and PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions from managed disposal in landfills__ are reported in accordance with review recommendation DE-5A-2017-0001. In addition to that, for the sake of completeness, __PM<sub>10</sub> and TSP emissions were also reported__.+In category **5.A**, __NMVOC and PM<sub>2.5</sub>__ emissions from managed disposal in landfills are reported in accordance with review recommendation DE-5A-2017-0001. In addition to that, for the sake of completeness, __PM<sub>10</sub> and TSP__ emissions were also reported.
  
 In the period since 1990 (and previously, to some extent), a number of legal provisions have been issued pertaining to Germany's waste-management sector, and a number of relevant measures have been initiated. These moves have had a strong impact on trends in emissions from waste-landfilling. Relevant developments have included intensified collection of biodegradable waste from households and the commercial sector, intensified collection of other recyclable materials, such as glass, paper/cardboard, metals and plastics; separate collection of packaging and recycling of packaging. In addition, incineration of municipal waste has been expanded, and mechanical biological treatment of residual waste has been introduced. As a result, the amounts of landfilled municipal waste decreased very sharply from 1990 to 2006, and stabilised at a low level since 2006. Today over half of municipal waste produced in Germany is collected separately and gleaned for recyclable materials (separate collection of recyclable materials and biodegradable waste). National statistical data are used (see sub-chapter "activity- data"). In the period since 1990 (and previously, to some extent), a number of legal provisions have been issued pertaining to Germany's waste-management sector, and a number of relevant measures have been initiated. These moves have had a strong impact on trends in emissions from waste-landfilling. Relevant developments have included intensified collection of biodegradable waste from households and the commercial sector, intensified collection of other recyclable materials, such as glass, paper/cardboard, metals and plastics; separate collection of packaging and recycling of packaging. In addition, incineration of municipal waste has been expanded, and mechanical biological treatment of residual waste has been introduced. As a result, the amounts of landfilled municipal waste decreased very sharply from 1990 to 2006, and stabilised at a low level since 2006. Today over half of municipal waste produced in Germany is collected separately and gleaned for recyclable materials (separate collection of recyclable materials and biodegradable waste). National statistical data are used (see sub-chapter "activity- data").
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 ===== Methodology ===== ===== Methodology =====
  
-For the estimation of NMVOC, Germany decided against the proposed EF of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019, but instead for the Tier1 approach of the US-EPA which is also reproduced there (Part B, 5.A, chap. 3.2.2, p. 5; [(EMEPEEA2019)]. +For the estimation of NMVOC, Germany decided against the proposed EF of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2023, but instead for the Tier1 approach of the US-EPA which is reproduced in the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019 (Part B, 5.A, chap. 3.2.2, p. 5) [(EMEPEEA2019)]. 
  
 According to national experts in the field, the approach of the US-EPA is more likely to produce better data, because the ratio between NMVOC (1.3 %) and CH<sub>4</sub> (98.7 %) in VOC from landfill gas is scientifically sound and assumed to be the very same in Germany. Also, already existing and published data for methane emissions from landfills, derived from the IPCC-FOD Waste Model (see NIR of Germany), can be used. However, with the NIR 2023 some of the emission parameters used to estimate methane emissions have been modified (DOC for food waste, DOC<sub>f</sub> for wood/straw, half-life time for paper and wood/straw) according to the results of research projects initiated for the improvement of the German inventory reporting (Stegmann et al, 2018; pages 172-173, table 36) [(STEGMANN2018)]. As a result, the methane emissions have changed considerably and thus the related NMVOC-emissions that are reported here. According to national experts in the field, the approach of the US-EPA is more likely to produce better data, because the ratio between NMVOC (1.3 %) and CH<sub>4</sub> (98.7 %) in VOC from landfill gas is scientifically sound and assumed to be the very same in Germany. Also, already existing and published data for methane emissions from landfills, derived from the IPCC-FOD Waste Model (see NIR of Germany), can be used. However, with the NIR 2023 some of the emission parameters used to estimate methane emissions have been modified (DOC for food waste, DOC<sub>f</sub> for wood/straw, half-life time for paper and wood/straw) according to the results of research projects initiated for the improvement of the German inventory reporting (Stegmann et al, 2018; pages 172-173, table 36) [(STEGMANN2018)]. As a result, the methane emissions have changed considerably and thus the related NMVOC-emissions that are reported here.
  
-Emissions for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub> and TSP, reported under this category, are calculated using the Tier1 approach of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2019, where the emission factors are 0.033, 0.219 and 0.463 [g/t] [(EMEPEEA2019)].+Emissions for PM<sub>2.5</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub> and TSP, reported under this category, are calculated using the Tier1 approach of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2023, where the emission factors are 0.033, 0.219 and 0.463 [g/t] [(EMEPEEA2023)].
  
 The EFs are multiplied with the total amount of solid waste (AD) treated in managed above-ground landfills, following the standard equation: The EFs are multiplied with the total amount of solid waste (AD) treated in managed above-ground landfills, following the standard equation:
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 ==== Activity data ==== ==== Activity data ====
  
-From 1990 until 2017, official statistical data provided by the Federal Statisticl Office are applied [(DESTATIS2024)]. +From 1990 until 2017, official statistical data provided by the Federal Statistical Office are applied [(DESTATIS2024)]. 
  
 Data for 1991 and 1992 as well as 1994 and 1995 are not available and have been interpolated. From 2018 until today data are made available by the National Statistical Agency by means of a direct data provision on a yearly basis. These data comprise the total amount of solid waste deposited above-ground, meaning, that all mineral wastes (mineral/construction/demolition) are also included. Remaining fractions of these wastes (mineral/construction/demolition) go to underground landfills and therefore do not play a part in dust emissions. Data for 1991 and 1992 as well as 1994 and 1995 are not available and have been interpolated. From 2018 until today data are made available by the National Statistical Agency by means of a direct data provision on a yearly basis. These data comprise the total amount of solid waste deposited above-ground, meaning, that all mineral wastes (mineral/construction/demolition) are also included. Remaining fractions of these wastes (mineral/construction/demolition) go to underground landfills and therefore do not play a part in dust emissions.
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 ===== Uncertainties ===== ===== Uncertainties =====
  
-The AD from Statistisches Bundesamt usually have an uncertainty of ±3% whereas the uncertainties for the PMs and TSP emission factors, according to the EMEP/EEA Guidebook (Part B, 5.A, chap. 3.2.2, Table 3-1, p. 5), were estimated as:+The AD from Statistisches Bundesamt usually have an uncertainty of ±3% whereas the uncertainties for the PMs and TSP emission factors, according to the EMEP/EEA Guidebook (Part B, 5.A, chap. 3.2.2, Table 3-1, p. 6), were estimated as:
  
 __Table 1: Uncertainty estimates of PM emission factors__ __Table 1: Uncertainty estimates of PM emission factors__
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 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
  
-Regular back-calculations are required annually for the previous year, since the waste statistics of the Federal Statistical Office are published with a one-year delay for the data on the quantities and compositions of waste deposited, so that the current reporting year must therefore be estimated. The estimate is replaced in the following year with the then current data. Since the recalculation required as a result is overall very small in each year, it usually is not reported additionally here.+The waste statistics of the Federal Statistical Office are regularly published with a one-year delay - which leads to an estimation of the current reporting year. This estimate is replaced in the following year with the then current data. Since the resulting recalculation usually is very small it is not reported here.
  
-However, in this year's reporting the need for correction of NMVOC-emissions arises and thus will be reported. Reason for this is that National Statistics have published the recovered gas volumes from the storage and decommissioning phase for 2022, leading to a change of estimated methane emissions under UNFCCC for 2021 + 2022. Due to the fact that the method for the estimation of NMVOC emissions is directly linked to the CH4 amounts estimated by using the IPCCs FOD-Model, the NMVOC-emissions are also affected and recalculated as shown in the following table. In the same course a recalculation of PM and TSP for 2022 is reported additionally (see last table).\\+However, in this year's reporting the correction of the deposited waste quantities is higher than usual and thus is affecting the recalculation of TSP an PMs to a higher extend than is usually the case. For this reason, the recalculation is reported here. For the sake of completeness NMVOC emissions are also reported.\\
  
-__Table 1: Revised NMVOC-emissions [kt]__ +__Table 1: Revised 2023 NMVOC emissions, in [kt]__ 
-|                      ^  2021  ^  2022  ^  +^ current submission   |  1,037            |   
-^ current submission   |  1,263            |  1,144           | +^ previous submission  |  1,056            |  
-^ previous submission  |  1,211            |  1,117           |+\\ 
  
-__Table 2: Revised 2022 PM and TSP emissions, in [t]__ +__Table 2: Revised 2023 PM and TSP emissions, in [t]__ 
-|                      ^  TSP  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>      ^ +|                      ^  TSP     ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^ 
-^ current submission   |  18,1347            |  8,5777           |  1,2925  | +^ current submission   |  15,621  |  7,389            |  1,113             | 
-^ previous submission  |  18,3484            |  8,6788           |  1,3078  |+^ previous submission  |  18,135  |  8,578            |  1,293             |
  
  
  
 <WRAP center round info 60%> <WRAP center round info 60%>
-For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2022**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 9.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2023**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 9.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
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-[(DESTATIS2024> Destatis (2024): Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt - Destatis), Fachserie 19, Reihe 1: Abfallentsorgung (Waste management), Table 2.1; https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/UmweltstatistischeErhebungen/Abfallwirtschaft/Abfallentsorgung.html, Wiesbaden, 2024.)]+[(DESTATIS2024> Destatis (2024): Federal Statistical Office (Statistisches Bundesamt - Destatis), Fachserie 19, Reihe 1: Abfallentsorgung (Waste management), Table 2.1; Wiesbaden 2024. https://www.destatis.de/DE/Publikationen/Thematisch/UmweltstatistischeErhebungen/Abfallwirtschaft/Abfallentsorgung.html)]
  
-[(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA (2019): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Part B, 5.A, chapter 3.2.2, Table 3-1, page 5; https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/5-waste/5-a-biological-treatment-of/@@download/file; Copenhagen, 2019. )] +[(EMEPEEA2023> EMEP/EEA (2023): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, Part B, 5.A, chapter 3.2.2, Table 3-1, page 6; Copenhagen 2023.  
-[(STEGMANN2018> Stegmann et al. (2018): Stegmann, R., Heyer, K.-U., Hupe, K. (IFAS - Ingenieurbüro für Abfallwirtschaft, Hamburg) with Rettenberger, G., Schneider, R. ( +https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/5-waste/5-a-solid-waste-disposal/@@download/file)] 
-Ingenieurgruppe RUK GmbH, Stuttgar): Überprüfung der methodischen Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der Methanbildung in Deponien, ISSN 1862-4804; https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/11850/publikationen/139_2023_texte_methanbildung_in_deponien.pdf, on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Roßlau, 2018.)]+[(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA (2019): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Part B, 5.A, chapter 3.2.2, Table 3-1, page 5; Copenhagen 2019. https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/5-waste/5-a-biological-treatment-of/@@download/file)] 
 +[(STEGMANN2018> Stegmann et al. (2018): Stegmann, R., Heyer, K.-U., Hupe, K. (IFAS - Ingenieurbüro für Abfallwirtschaft, Hamburg) with Rettenberger, G., Schneider, R. (Ingenieurgruppe RUK GmbH, Stuttgart): Überprüfung der methodischen Grundlagen zur Bestimmung der Methanbildung in Deponien, ISSN 1862-4804; on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt, Dessau-Roßlau 2018. https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/sites/default/files/medien/11850/publikationen/139_2023_texte_methanbildung_in_deponien.pdf)]