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| general:trends:emission_trends_heavy_metals [2023/03/15 14:19] – [Main drivers] kotzulla | general:trends:emission_trends_heavy_metals [2024/11/06 14:50] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| Emission of priority heavy metals (cadmium, lead and mercury) **decreased significantly since 1990**. Values show reductions by about 58 to 89% compared to the base year, with most of the achievements originating from the early 1990's though. | Emission of priority heavy metals (cadmium, lead and mercury) **decreased significantly since 1990**. Values show reductions by about 58 to 89% compared to the base year, with most of the achievements originating from the early 1990's though. | ||
| - | Arsenic/ | + | __Overview of percental decreases in HM emissions since 1990:__ |
| - | -94% -63% -15% -59% -81% -61% -92% -52% -41% | + | * Arsenic: -94% |
| + | * Cadmium: -63% | ||
| + | * Copper: -15% | ||
| + | * Chrome: -59% | ||
| + | * Mercury: -81% | ||
| + | * Nickel: -61% | ||
| + | * Lead: -92% | ||
| + | * Selenium: -52% | ||
| + | * Zinc: -41% | ||
| 2019 and 2020 emissions saw a substantial reduction trend for most heavy metals. | 2019 and 2020 emissions saw a substantial reduction trend for most heavy metals. | ||
| - | The main sources | + | The main source |
| - | Energy Industries (NFR 1.A.1) and Industrial Processes (NFR 2) like Metal Industries (NFR 2.C) emit the majority of arsenic, cadmium, chrome, lead, mercury and nickel. | + | **Energy Industries (NFR 1.A.1)** and **Industrial Processes (NFR 2)**, especially, of course, the Metal Industries (NFR 2.C) emit the majority of **arsenic, cadmium, chrome, lead, mercury and nickel**. |
| + | |||
| + | In contrast, **copper and zinc** emissions are mostly governed by the **Transport (NFR 1.A.3)** sector, resulting mostly from brake and tyre wear. Thus, trends are connected directly with the annual mileage. | ||
| - | In contrast, copper and zinc emissions are mostly governed by the Transport (NFR 1.A.3) | + | **Selenium** on the other hand originates mainly from **Mineral Industry (NFR 2.A)** and to a lesser degree from Transport (NFR 1.A.3). |
| - | Selenium on the other hand originates mainly from Mineral Industry (NFR 2.A) and to a lesser degree from Transport (NFR 1.A.3). | + | Other sources are still to be investigated but generally expected to add little to the total trend. |
| ===== Trends ===== | ===== Trends ===== | ||
| + | |||
| The figure below shows emission trends for heavy metals: | The figure below shows emission trends for heavy metals: | ||
| - | [{{ : | + | {{ : |