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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:light_duty_vehicles [2021/01/18 20:16] – created kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles:light_duty_vehicles [2023/02/27 07:18] – [Table] kotzulla | ||
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In sub-category //1.A.3.b ii - Road Transport: Light Duty Vehicles// emissions from fuel combustion in Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) are reported. | In sub-category //1.A.3.b ii - Road Transport: Light Duty Vehicles// emissions from fuel combustion in Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) are reported. | ||
- | ^ | + | ^ Category Code ^ Method |
- | | T1, T3 | NS, M | CS, M, D | | + | | 1.A.3.b ii | T1, T3 ||||| NS, M ||||| CS, M, D |
+ | ^ Key Category | ||
+ | | 1.A.3.b ii | ||
{{page> | {{page> | ||
- | ===== Method | + | ===== Methodology |
- | === Activity data === | + | ==== Activity data ==== |
- | Specific consumption data for light-duty vehicles (LDV) are generated within TREMOD [((bibcite 1))]. - The following table provides an overview of annual amounts of fuels consumed by LDV in Germany. | + | |
+ | Specific consumption data for light-duty vehicles (LDV) are generated within TREMOD [(KNOERR2022a)]. - The following table provides an overview of annual amounts of fuels consumed by LDV in Germany. | ||
__Table 1: Annual fuel consumption of light duty vehicles, in terajoules__ | __Table 1: Annual fuel consumption of light duty vehicles, in terajoules__ | ||
- | | | + | | ^ |
- | ^ Diesel oil | + | ^ Diesel oil |
- | ^ Gasoline | + | ^ Gasoline |
- | ^ LPG | 138 | 138 | 94 | 2,357 | 21,823 | | + | ^ CNG |
- | ^ CNG | | + | ^ Biodiesel |
- | ^ Biodiesel | + | ^ Biogasoline |
- | ^ Biogasoline | + | ^ Biogas |
- | ^ Biogas | + | ^ Ʃ 1.A.3.b |
- | ^ Ʃ 1.A.3.b | + | |
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
- | [[gallery size=" | ||
- | : 1A3bii_AD.png | ||
- | : 1A3bii_AD_diesel.png | ||
- | : 1A3bii_AD_gasoline.png | ||
- | [[/ | ||
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
Line 35: | Line 35: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | === Emission factors === | + | ==== Emission factors |
- | The majority of emission factors for exhaust emissions from road transport are taken from the ' | + | The majority of emission factors for exhaust emissions from road transport are taken from the ' |
However, it is not possible to present these highly specific tier3 values here in a comprehendible way . | However, it is not possible to present these highly specific tier3 values here in a comprehendible way . | ||
- | |||
- | [!-- | ||
- | __Table 2: selected annual fuel-specific IEF for passenger cars, in kg/TJ__ | ||
- | |||
- | | | **1990** | ||
- | | **Gasoline fuels**< | ||
- | ^ NH< | ||
- | ^ NMVOC< | ||
- | ^ NO< | ||
- | ^ SO< | ||
- | ^ CO | ||
- | ^ BC< | ||
- | ^ PM< | ||
- | ^ TSP< | ||
- | | **Diesel fuels**< | ||
- | ^ NH< | ||
- | ^ NMVOC | 45.5 | 36.8 | 29.1 | 18.6 | 16.5 | 15.0 | 13.5 | 12.5 | 11.7 | 11.0 | 10.4 | 9.93 | 9.64 | 9.62 | 9.85 | 10.1 | | ||
- | ^ NO< | ||
- | ^ SO< | ||
- | ^ CO | ||
- | ^ BC< | ||
- | ^ PM< | ||
- | | **Liquefied Petroleum Gas - LPG** |||||||||||||||| | ||
- | ^ NH< | ||
- | ^ NMVOC | 329 | 283 | 49.6 | 9.73 | 8.63 | 8.22 | 7.50 | 7.24 | 7.17 | 7.10 | 6.97 | 6.88 | 6.82 | 6.78 | 6.77 | 6.75 | | ||
- | ^ NO< | ||
- | ^ SO< | ||
- | ^ CO | ||
- | ^ BC< | ||
- | ^ PM< | ||
- | | **Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) & Biogas**< | ||
- | ^ NH< | ||
- | ^ NMVOC | | | | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.51 | 0.52 | 0.52 | | ||
- | ^ NO< | ||
- | ^ SO< | ||
- | ^ CO | ||
- | ^ BC< | ||
- | ^ PM< | ||
- | < | ||
- | < | ||
- | < | ||
- | < | ||
- | < | ||
- | < | ||
- | --] | ||
<WRAP center round info 100%> | <WRAP center round info 100%> | ||
- | With respect to the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, given the circumstances during test-bench measurements, | + | With respect to the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, given the circumstances during test-bench measurements, |
- | </ | + | |
- | For heavy-metal (other then lead from leaded gasoline) and PAH exhaust-emissions, | + | For heavy-metal (other then lead from leaded gasoline) and PAH exhaust-emissions, |
- | Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [((bibcite 4))] is used instead. | + | Regarding PCDD/F, a tier1 EF from (Rentz et al., 2008) [(RENTZ2008)] is used instead. |
- | __Table | + | __Table |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 103: | Line 56: | ||
^ LPG< | ^ LPG< | ||
^ all fuels | ^ all fuels | ||
- | < | + | < |
- | < | + | < |
- | < | + | < |
- | < | + | < |
- | + __Discussion | + | =====Discussion |
- | > **NFR 1.A.3.b ii** is key category | + | __Table |
+ | | | ||
+ | | by: | Level | ||
- | ++ Nitrogen oxides | + | ==== Nitrogen oxides==== |
- | NO,,x,, emissions increased steadily until 2002 following the shift to diesel engines. During the last ten years, emissions decline steadily due to catalytic-converter use and engine improvements resulting from ongoing tightening of emissions laws and improved fuel quality. | + | NO<sub>x</ |
- | [[gallery size=" | + | {{ :sector: |
- | : 1A3bii_EM_NOx.PNG | + | |
- | [[/ | + | |
- | ++ Particulate matter (BC, PM,,2.5,,, PM,, | + | ==== Ammonia |
- | Starting in the middle of the 1990s, a so-called " | + | As for the entire road transport sector, the trends for **sulphur dioxide** |
- | [[gallery size=" | + | Here, the strong dependence on increasing fuel qualities (sulphur content) leads to an cascaded downward trend of emissions , influenced only slightly by increases in fuel consumption and mileage. |
- | : 1A3bii_EM_PM.png | + | |
- | [[/ | + | |
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | For **ammonia** emissions the increasing use of catalytic converters in gasoline driven cars in the 1990s lead to a steep increase whereas both the technical development of the converters and the ongoing shift from gasoline to diesel cars resulted in decreasing emissions in the following years. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ====Particulate matter & Black carbon==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Starting in the middle of the 1990s, a so-called " | ||
+ | |||
+ | With the still ongoing " | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | Compared to submission | + | Compared to submission |
- | Here, **activity data** were revised within TREMOD. | + | Here, for diesel oil, significant amounts have been re-allocated from heavy-duty vehicles (see NFR 1.A.3.b iii) whereas, for gasoline, hugher amounts have been re-allocated from passenger cars (see NFR 1.A.3.b i). |
__Table 4: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoules__ | __Table 4: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoules__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | **1995** | **2000** | **2005** | **2006** | + | | |
- | | **DIESEL OIL** |||||||||||||||||| | + | | **DIESEL OIL** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 23,131 | 19,972 | 24,124 | 23,030 | 21,811 | 21,678 | 20,902 | 20,202 | 19,039 | 18,591 | 17,555 | 17,548 | 17,996 | 17,777 | 18,080 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 22,049 | 16,628 | 19,184 | 20,151 | 20,306 | 17,167 | 17,492 | 17,657 | 17,384 | 18,033 | 17,840 | 18,540 | 19,289 | 18,641 | 18,609 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **BIODIESEL** | + | | **BIODIESEL** |||||||||||||||| |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative |
- | | **GASOLINE** |||||||||||||||||| | + | | **GASOLINE** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 23, | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 22, | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **BIOGASOLINE** | + | | **BIOGASOLINE** |||||||||||||||| |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **CNG** |||||||||||||||||| | + | | **CNG** |||||||||||||||| |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 23,131 | 19,972 | 24,124 | 23,030 | 21,811 | 21,678 | 20,902 | 20,202 | 19,039 | 18,591 | 17,555 | 17,548 | 17,996 | 17,777 | 18,080 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 22,049 | 16,628 | 19,184 | 20,151 | 20,306 | 17,167 | 17,492 | 17,657 | 17,384 | 18,033 | 17,840 | 18,540 | 19,289 | 18,641 | 18,609 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **BIOGAS** |||||||||||||||||| | + | | **BIOGAS** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **LPG** |||||||||||||||||| | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **TOTAL FUEL CONSUMPTION** |||||||||||||||||| | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 23, | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 22, | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
Due to the variety of tier3 **emission factors** applied, it is not possible to display any changes in these data sets in a comprehendible way. | Due to the variety of tier3 **emission factors** applied, it is not possible to display any changes in these data sets in a comprehendible way. | ||
- | <WRAP center round info 60%> | + | <WRAP center round info 65%> |
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates | + | For **pollutant-specific |
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
===== Planned improvements ===== | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | ||
- | + | [(AGEB2022> | |
- | ===== FAQs ===== | + | [(BAFA2022> |
- | ------ | + | https:// |
- | + | [(KNOERR2022a> | |
- | [[bibliography]] | + | [(KELLER2017> |
- | : 1 : Knörr et al. (2019a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: | + | [(EMEPEEA2019> |
- | : 2 : Keller et al., (2007): Keller, M., Hausberger, S., Matzer, C., Wüthrich, P., & Notter, B.: Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport, version 4.1 (Handbuch Emissionsfaktoren des Straßenverkehrs 4.1) URL: http:// | + | [(RENTZ2008> |
- | : 3 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019; https:// | + | |
- | : 4 : Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, | + | |
- | [[/ | + |