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sector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2021/01/17 19:40] – kotzulla | sector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2023/04/26 13:23] (current) – [Recalculations] reichel | ||
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===== Short description ===== | ===== Short description ===== | ||
- | ^ | + | ^ Category Code ^ Method |
- | | | + | | 2.B.2 | T2 |
+ | ^ | ||
+ | | Key Category: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{page> | ||
+ | |||
+ | During the production of nitric acid (HNO< | ||
+ | | ||
+ | | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Details of the process are outlined below: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Catalytic oxidation of ammonia** | ||
+ | |||
+ | A mixture of ammonia and air at a ratio of 1:9 is oxidised, in the presence of a platinum catalyst alloyed with rhodium and/or palladium, at a temperature of between 800 and 950 °C. The reaction according to the Oswald process is as follows: | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | Simultaneously, | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | All three oxidation reactions are exothermic. Heat may be recovered to produce steam for the process and for export to other plants and/or to preheat the residual gas. The reaction water is condensed in a cooling condenser, during the cooling of the reaction gases, and is then conveyed into the absorption column. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Method ===== | ||
+ | In Germany, there are currently nine nitric acid plants. | ||
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | As this source category is a key category for N< | ||
+ | |||
+ | This data is made available basically via a co-operation agreement with the nitric acid producers and the IVA (Industrieverband Agrar). As the data provided by the producers has to be treated as confidential, | ||
+ | |||
+ | According to the IVA, catalytic reduction is used as an abatement method in some of the plants. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Different T2 default | ||
+ | |||
+ | __Table 1: Tier 2 emission factors of NO< | ||
+ | ^ EF | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | 3 | high pressure process | ||
+ | | 0.4 | low, medium and high pressure process, catalytic reduction | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
+ | With **activity data and emission factors remaining unrevised**, | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | No category-specific improvements are planned. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ------ | ||
- | {{page> | ||
- | ===== Methodology ===== |