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sector:agriculture:agricultural_soils:start [2021/02/02 13:32] – [Table] doering | sector:agriculture:agricultural_soils:start [2021/02/12 13:11] – minor formatting fixes gniffke | ||
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PS: Plant Specific data</ | PS: Plant Specific data</ | ||
- | ====== Country specifics ====== | + | ===== Country specifics ===== |
- | + | ||
- | to be updated | + | |
{{ : | {{ : | ||
- | ** NH< | + | ==== NH₃ and NOₓ ==== |
+ | In 2019, the category of agricultural soils emitted 311.3 kt NH< | ||
- | In 2019, the category | + | Application |
- | Application of sewage sludge (3.D.a.2.b) contributes xx0.6 % or xxx1.9 kt NH< | + | The application of residues from the digestion of energy crops (3.D.a.2.c) leads to 54.6 kt NH< |
- | + | ||
- | The application of residues from the digestion of energy crops (3.D.a.2.c) leads to xx55.7 kt NH< | + | |
NH< | NH< | ||
- | In 2019, agricultural soils were the source of xx98.6 % (xx116.9 kt) of the total of NO< | + | In 2019, agricultural soils were the source of 98.6 % (110.7 kt) of the total of NO< |
All NO< | All NO< | ||
- | **NMVOC** | + | ==== NMVOC ==== |
+ | In 2019, the category of agricultural soils contributed 8.6 kt NMVOC or 2.8 % to the total agricultural NMVOC emissions in Germany. The only emission source was cultivated crops (3.D.e). All NMVOC emissions from the agricultural category are excluded from emission accounting by adjustment as they are not considered in the NEC commitments. | ||
- | In 2019, the category of agricultural soils contributed xx7.8 kt NMVOC or xx2.4 % to the total agricultural NMVOC emissions in Germany. The only emission source was cultivated crops (3.D.e). All NMVOC emissions from the agricultural category are excluded from emission accounting by adjustment as they are not considered in the NEC commitments. | + | ==== |
- | + | In 2019, agricultural soils contributed, | |
- | ** TSP, PM< | + | |
- | + | ||
- | In 2019, agricultural soils contributed, | + | |
=====3.D.a.1 - Inorganic N-fertilizers ===== | =====3.D.a.1 - Inorganic N-fertilizers ===== | ||
+ | The calculation of NH< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity Data ==== | |
- | The calculation of NH< | + | German statistics report the amounts |
- | Activity Data | + | |
- | + | ||
- | German statistics report the amount | + | |
//Table 1: AD for the estimation of NH< | //Table 1: AD for the estimation of NH< | ||
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- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
- | + | NH< | |
- | NH< | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Emission factors** | + | |
- | The emission factors for NH< | + | ==== Emission factors ==== |
+ | The emission factors for NH< | ||
//Table 2: NH< | //Table 2: NH< | ||
- | ^ | + | ^ Inorganic fertilizers, |
- | ^ Fertilizer type | + | ^ Fertilizer type ^ EF ^ |
- | | Calcium ammonium nitrate | + | | Calcium ammonium nitrate |
- | | Nitrogen solutions (UREA AN) | 0.098 | | + | | Nitrogen solutions (UREA AN) |
- | | Urea | 0.155 | | + | | Urea |
- | | Ammonium phosphates | + | | Ammonium phosphates |
- | | Other NK and NPK | 0.050 | | + | | Other NK and NPK |
- | | Other straight fertilizers | + | | Other straight fertilizers |
- | For NO< | + | For NO< |
//Table 3: Emission factor for NO< | //Table 3: Emission factor for NO< | ||
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| EF< | | EF< | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== |
+ | In the last five years (and in the last three years in dramatic fashion) fertilizer sales have decreased. Emissions have fallen accordingly. This is even more the case with NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Recalculations ==== | ||
+ | Table REC-1 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | ||
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| **NO< | | **NO< | ||
- | **Planned improvements** | + | ==== Planned improvements |
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
===== 3.D.a.2.a - Animal manure applied to soils ===== | ===== 3.D.a.2.a - Animal manure applied to soils ===== | ||
+ | In this sub category Germany reports the NH< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity data ==== | |
- | In this sub category Germany reports the NH< | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Activity data** | + | |
The calculation of the amount of N in manure applied is based on the N mass flow approach (see 3.B). It is the total of N excreted by animals in the housing and the N imported with bedding material minus N losses by emissions of N species from housing and storage. Hence, the amount of total N includes the N contained in anaerobically digested manures to be applied to the field. | The calculation of the amount of N in manure applied is based on the N mass flow approach (see 3.B). It is the total of N excreted by animals in the housing and the N imported with bedding material minus N losses by emissions of N species from housing and storage. Hence, the amount of total N includes the N contained in anaerobically digested manures to be applied to the field. | ||
- | The frequencies of application techniques and incorporation times as well as the underlying data sources are described in Haenel | + | The frequencies of application techniques and incorporation times as well as the underlying data sources are described in Rösemann |
//Table 4: AD for the estimation of NH< | //Table 4: AD for the estimation of NH< | ||
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| 1,102 | 964 | 949 | 922 | 931 | 938 | 955 | 968 | 982 | 978 | 974 | 971 | 959 | 952 | | | 1,102 | 964 | 949 | 922 | 931 | 938 | 955 | 968 | 982 | 978 | 974 | 971 | 959 | 952 | | ||
- | **Methodology** | ||
- | NH< | + | ==== Methodology ==== |
- | For NO< | + | NH< |
- | + | For NO< | |
- | **Emission factors** | + | |
+ | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
Table 5 shows the time series of the overall German NH< | Table 5 shows the time series of the overall German NH< | ||
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For NO< | For NO< | ||
- | Trend discussion for Key Sources | ||
- | Both NH< | + | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== |
+ | Both NH< | ||
For total NH< | For total NH< | ||
For both gases, emissions are slightly decreasing since 2015. This is due to the fact that cattle and swine animal numbers are declining. | For both gases, emissions are slightly decreasing since 2015. This is due to the fact that cattle and swine animal numbers are declining. | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Recalculations ==== |
+ | Table REC-2 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | ||
- | Table REC-2 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | ||
//Table REC-2: Comparison of the NH< | //Table REC-2: Comparison of the NH< | ||
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- | **Planned improvements** | + | ==== Planned improvements |
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
===== 3.D.a.2.b – Sewage sludge applied to soils ===== | ===== 3.D.a.2.b – Sewage sludge applied to soils ===== | ||
+ | The calculation of NH< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity data ==== | |
- | The calculation of NH< | + | N quantities from application of sewage sludge were calculated from data of the German Environment Agency and (since 2009) from data of the Federal Statistical Office (see Table 6). |
- | + | ||
- | **Activity data** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | N quantities from application of sewage sludge were calculated from data of the German Environment Agency and (since 2009) from data of the Federal Statistical Office (see Table 6). Hence, there was no need to use the “per capita” activity data as proposed by EMEP (2016)-3.D, Table 3-1 [10]. | + | |
//Table 6: AD for the estimation of NH< | //Table 6: AD for the estimation of NH< | ||
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| 27 | 35 | 33 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 13 | 13 | | | 27 | 35 | 33 | 27 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 22 | 21 | 19 | 19 | 14 | 13 | 13 | | ||
- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
+ | A tier 1 methodology is used (EMEP, 2019, 3D, Chapter 3.3.1). NH< | ||
- | A tier 1 methodology is used (EMEP, 2016, 3D, Chapter | + | ==== Emission factors ==== |
+ | EMEP (2019)-3.D, Table 3-1 provides a Tier 1 emission factor for NH< | ||
+ | For NO< | ||
- | **Emission factors** | ||
- | |||
- | EMEP (2016)-3.D, Table 3-1 [10] provides Tier 1 emissions factors for NH< | ||
- | For NO< | ||
- | Trend discussion for Key Sources | ||
+ | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== | ||
NH< | NH< | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Recalculations |
- | + | Table REC-3 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | |
- | Table REC-3 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | + | |
//Table REC-3: Comparison of the NH< | //Table REC-3: Comparison of the NH< | ||
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| **NO< | | **NO< | ||
- | **Planned improvements** | + | ==== Planned improvements |
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
===== 3.D.a.2.c - Other organic fertilizers applied to soils ===== | ===== 3.D.a.2.c - Other organic fertilizers applied to soils ===== | ||
+ | This sub category describes Germany’s NH< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity data ==== | |
- | This sub category describes Germany’s NH< | + | Activity data is the amount of N in residues from anaerobic digestion of energy crops when leaving storage. This amount of N is the N contained in the energy crops when being fed into the digestion process minus the N losses by emissions of N species from the storage of the residues (see 3.I). N losses from pre-storage are negligible and there are no N losses from fermenter (see Rösemann |
- | + | ||
- | **Activity data** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Activity data is the amount of N in residues from anaerobic digestion of energy crops when leaving storage. This amount of N is the N contained in the energy crops when being fed into the digestion process minus the N losses by emissions of N species from the storage of the residues (see 3.I). N losses from pre-storage are negligible and there are no N losses from fermenter (see Haenel | + | |
//Table 7: AD for the estimation of NH< | //Table 7: AD for the estimation of NH< | ||
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| 0.05 | 0.62 | 5.40 | 45.76 | 167.41 | 209.32 | 230.52 | 279.13 | 292.42 | 303.81 | 302.16 | 297.19 | 292.86 | 292.86 | | | 0.05 | 0.62 | 5.40 | 45.76 | 167.41 | 209.32 | 230.52 | 279.13 | 292.42 | 303.81 | 302.16 | 297.19 | 292.86 | 292.86 | | ||
- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
+ | The NH< | ||
- | The NH<sub>3</ | + | For NO<sub>x</ |
- | For NO< | + | ==== Emission factors |
- | + | For NH< | |
- | **Emission factors** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | For NH< | + | |
Table 8 shows the implied emission factors for NH< | Table 8 shows the implied emission factors for NH< | ||
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| 0.182 | 0.182 | 0.183 | 0.183 | 0.183 | 0.184 | 0.174 | 0.166 | 0.159 | 0.153 | 0.153 | 0.153 | 0.154 | 0.154 | | | 0.182 | 0.182 | 0.183 | 0.183 | 0.183 | 0.184 | 0.174 | 0.166 | 0.159 | 0.153 | 0.153 | 0.153 | 0.154 | 0.154 | | ||
- | **Trend discussion for Key Sources** | + | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources |
The application of residues from anaerobic digestion of energy crops is a key source for NH< | The application of residues from anaerobic digestion of energy crops is a key source for NH< | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Recalculations |
- | + | Table REC-4 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | |
- | Table REC-4 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | + | |
//Table REC-4: Comparison of the NH< | //Table REC-4: Comparison of the NH< | ||
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- | **Planned improvements** | + | ==== Planned improvements |
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
===== 3.D.a.3 - Urine and dung deposited by grazing animals ===== | ===== 3.D.a.3 - Urine and dung deposited by grazing animals ===== | ||
+ | The calculation of NH< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity data ==== | |
- | The calculation of NH< | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Activity data** | + | |
Activity data for NH< | Activity data for NH< | ||
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| Horses | | Horses | ||
- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
NH< | NH< | ||
- | **Emission Factors** | + | ==== Emission Factors |
- | + | The emission factors for NH< | |
- | The emission factors for NH< | + | |
//Table 10: Emission factors for emissions of NH< | //Table 10: Emission factors for emissions of NH< | ||
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| All animals | | All animals | ||
- | **Trend discussion for Key Sources** | + | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources |
Emissions from urine and dung deposited by grazing animals are no key sources. | Emissions from urine and dung deposited by grazing animals are no key sources. | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Recalculations |
- | + | Table REC-5 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | |
- | Table REC-5 shows the effects of recalculations on NH< | + | |
//Table REC-5: Comparison of the NH< | //Table REC-5: Comparison of the NH< | ||
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| **NO< | | **NO< | ||
- | **Planned improvements** | + | ==== Planned improvements |
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
===== 3.D.c - Farm-level agricultural operations including storage, handling and transport of agricultural products ===== | ===== 3.D.c - Farm-level agricultural operations including storage, handling and transport of agricultural products ===== | ||
+ | In this category Germany reports TSP, PM< | ||
- | + | ==== Activity data ==== | |
- | In this category Germany reports TSP, PM< | + | |
- | + | ||
- | **Activity data** | + | |
The activity data is the total area of arable and horticultural land. This data is provided by official statistics. | The activity data is the total area of arable and horticultural land. This data is provided by official statistics. | ||
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| 11,179 | 10,257 | 10,683 | 10,902 | 11,411 | 11,431 | 11,421 | 11,478 | 11,475 | 11,346 | 11,281 | 11,273 | 11,181 | 11,163 | | | 11,179 | 10,257 | 10,683 | 10,902 | 11,411 | 11,431 | 11,421 | 11,478 | 11,475 | 11,346 | 11,281 | 11,273 | 11,181 | 11,163 | | ||
- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
+ | As the Tier 2 methodology described in EMEP (2019)-3D-17 cannot be used due to lack of input data, the Tier 1 methodology described in EMEP(2019)-3D-11 is used. | ||
- | As the Tier 2 methodology described | + | ==== Emission factors ==== |
+ | Emission factors given in EMEP (2019)-3D-12 are used. The Guidebook does not indicate whether EFs have considered | ||
- | **Emission factors** | + | //Table 12: Emission factors |
- | Emission factors given in EMEP (2016)-3D-12 [10] are used. The Guidebook does not indicate whether EFs have considered the condensable component (with or without). | ||
- | //Table 12: Emission factors for PM emissions from agricultural soils// | + | ^ Emission factor |
+ | | EF< | ||
+ | | EF< | ||
+ | | EF< | ||
- | Emission factor kg ha-1 | ||
- | EFTSP 1.56 | ||
- | EFPM10 1.56 | ||
- | EFPM2.5 0.06 | ||
- | Trend discussion for Key Sources | ||
+ | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== | ||
TSP and PM< | TSP and PM< | ||
- | **Recalculations** | + | ==== Recalculations ==== |
+ | Table REC-6 shows the effects of recalculations on particulate matter emissions. The only changes with respect to last year’s submission occur in the years 2010 through 2012 because of updates of cultivation areas (see [[sector: | ||
- | Table REC-5 shows the effects | + | //Table REC-6: Comparison |
- | //Table REC-5: Comparison of particle emissions (TSP, PM10 & PM2.5) of the submissions (SUB) 2020 and 2019// | + | ^ TSP, PM< |
+ | ^ | ||
+ | | **TSP** | ||
+ | | **TSP** | ||
+ | | **PM< | ||
+ | | **PM< | ||
+ | | **PM< | ||
+ | | **PM< | ||
- | 2020_3D_Table_6_REC.PNG | ||
- | |||
- | **Planned improvements** | ||
+ | ==== Planned improvements ==== | ||
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
- | ===== 3.D.e - Cultivated crops ===== | ||
- | In this category Germany reports NMVOC emissions from crop production according to EMEP (2016)-3D-11 [10]. For details see Haenel | + | ===== 3.D.e - Cultivated crops ===== |
- | + | In this category Germany reports NMVOC emissions from crop production according to EMEP (2019)-3D-16. For details see Rösemann | |
- | **Activity data** | + | |
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
The activity data is the total area of arable land and grassland. This data is provided by official statistics. | The activity data is the total area of arable land and grassland. This data is provided by official statistics. | ||
// Table 13: AD for the estimation of NMVOC emissions from crop production// | // Table 13: AD for the estimation of NMVOC emissions from crop production// | ||
+ | ^ Arable land and grassland in 1000*ha | ||
+ | ^ 1990 | ||
+ | | 16,506 | 15,312 | 15,498 | 15,561 | 15,734 | 15,752 | 15,729 | 15,769 | 15,802 | 15,719 | 15,662 | 15,647 | 15,570 | 15,563 | | ||
- | 2020_3D_Table_13.PNG | ||
- | **Methodology** | + | ==== Methodology |
+ | The Tier 2 methodology described in EMEP (2019)-3D-16ff is used. | ||
- | In EMEP (2016)-3D-15ff [10] the methodology is described how the EMEP Tier 1 EF was estimated. This methodology was adopted to estimate German emissions. It is considered a Tier 2 methodology. | + | ==== Emission Factors |
- | + | The emission factors for wheat, rye, rape and grass (15°C) given in EMEP (2019)-3D-16, Table 3.3 were used. For all grassland areas the grass (15°C) EF is used, for all other crops except rye and rape the EF of wheat is used. Table 14 shows the implied emission factors for NMVOC emissions from crop production. The implied emission factor is defined as ratio of the total NMVOC emissions from cultivated crops to the total area given by activity data. | |
- | **Emission Factors** | + | |
- | + | ||
- | The emission factors for wheat, rye, rape and grass (15°C) given in EMEP (2016)-3D-16, Table A3-3 [10] were used. For all grassland areas the grass (15°C) EF is used, for all other crops except rye and rape the EF of wheat is used. Table 14 shows the implied emission factors for NMVOC emissions from crop production. The implied emission factor is defined as ratio of the total NMVOC emissions from cultivated crops to the total area given by activity data. | + | |
// Table 14: IEF for NMVOC emissions from crop production// | // Table 14: IEF for NMVOC emissions from crop production// | ||
+ | ^ IEF for NMVOC emissions from crop production in kg ha< | ||
+ | ^ 1990 | ||
+ | | 0.47 | 0.53 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.61 | 0.57 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.72 | 0.63 | 0.62 | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.55 | | ||
- | 2020_3D_Table_14.PNG | ||
- | ** Recalculations** | + | ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== |
+ | Emissions from urine and dung deposited by grazing animals are no key sources. | ||
- | Table REC-6 shows the effects of recalculations on NMVOC emissions. | + | ==== Recalculations ==== |
+ | Table REC-7 shows the effects of recalculations on NMVOC emissions. | ||
- | //Table REC-6: Comparison of NMVOC emissions of the submissions (SUB) 2020 and 2019// | + | //Table REC-7: Comparison of NMVOC emissions of the submissions (SUB) 2020 and 2021// |
- | + | ^ NMVOC emissions from crop production, in Gg ^|||||||||||||| | |
- | **Planned improvements** | + | ^ SUB |
+ | | **2021** | ||
+ | | **2020** | 7.69 | 8.19 | 8.79 | 9.17 | 9.53 | 9.03 | 10.05 | 10.36 | 11.40 | 9.91 | 9.69 | 9.74 | 7.82 | | | ||
+ | ==== Planned improvements ==== | ||
No improvements are planned at present. | No improvements are planned at present. | ||
- | **Uncertainty** | + | ==== Uncertainty |
Details will be described in [[general: | Details will be described in [[general: | ||