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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:other [2021/01/14 12:40] – [Table] kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:other [2021/01/16 20:07] – kotzulla
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-=== Short description ===+====== 1.A.2.g viii - Stationary Combustion in Manufacturing Industries and Construction: Other ====== 
 + 
 + 
 +===== Short description =====
 Sachtleben_Chemie.png Sachtleben_Chemie.png
  
 Source category //1.A.2.g viii - Stationary Combustion in Manufacturing Industries and Construction: Other// comprises stationary combustion systems for heat and power production of industrial power plants and industrial boiler systems. Source category //1.A.2.g viii - Stationary Combustion in Manufacturing Industries and Construction: Other// comprises stationary combustion systems for heat and power production of industrial power plants and industrial boiler systems.
  
-^  NFR-Code          ^  Name of Category                                                                          ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^  Key Category                |               |        | +^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^  Key Category                                                                                 ^ 
-|  **1.A.2.g viii**  |  **Stationary Combustion in Manufacturing Industries and Construction: Other Production**  |  T2      |  NS  |  CS  |  L & T: SOx, TSP, Hg, PCDD/F; L: PM2.5,NOx; T: Cd  |+|  T2      |  NS  |  CS  |  **L&T:** SO<sub>x</sub>, TSP, Hg, PCDD/F; **L:** PM<sub>2.5</sub>,NO<sub>x</sub>; **T:** Cd  |
  
-=== Method ===+{{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}} 
 + 
 +{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:Sachtleben_chemie.png | }} 
 + 
 + 
 +===== Method =====
  
 Generally, the calculation method is based on a Tier 2 approach. This means the use of country-specific data at a more detailed level. Emission factors and activity data are available for different fuel types, different technologies, plant size, etc. The use of plant-specific data for a bottom-up approach is not possible. Emissions from industrial power plants cannot be allocated clearly to source category 1.A.2, since reality does not follow the definition of the Guidebook. In real life an industrial power plant generates electricity and heat for the industry but also electricity for the public network. Therefore the borderline between these two categories is not fixed. The market is not static. Frequent changes in the cooperate structure of industrial enterprises including the separation of the energy supply via spin-off from the parent company lead to frequent changes between sector 1.A.1.a, 1.A.1.c and 1.A.2. Therefore it was necessary to develop a flexible calculation system, based on robust emission factors, which can be used for all sectors. Generally, the calculation method is based on a Tier 2 approach. This means the use of country-specific data at a more detailed level. Emission factors and activity data are available for different fuel types, different technologies, plant size, etc. The use of plant-specific data for a bottom-up approach is not possible. Emissions from industrial power plants cannot be allocated clearly to source category 1.A.2, since reality does not follow the definition of the Guidebook. In real life an industrial power plant generates electricity and heat for the industry but also electricity for the public network. Therefore the borderline between these two categories is not fixed. The market is not static. Frequent changes in the cooperate structure of industrial enterprises including the separation of the energy supply via spin-off from the parent company lead to frequent changes between sector 1.A.1.a, 1.A.1.c and 1.A.2. Therefore it was necessary to develop a flexible calculation system, based on robust emission factors, which can be used for all sectors.
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 Actually there are different emission factors available for diverse fuel types, various techniques and licensing requirements. However, the implied emission factor may give an impression about the order of magnitude. Actually there are different emission factors available for diverse fuel types, various techniques and licensing requirements. However, the implied emission factor may give an impression about the order of magnitude.
 PM10 and PM2.5 emission factors are calculated as a fraction of TSP. The share of PM10 is 90 % and the share of PM2.5 is 80 % for solid fuels. This is a simple but also conservative approach, knowing that, in reality, PM emissions depend on fuel, combustion and abatement technologies. In terms of natural gas and biogas PM10 and PM2.5 fractions are considered as 100 % of TSP. Regarding wood a share of 100% PM10 and 90% PM2.5 is used. For liquid fuels the default share of 100% PM10 and PM2.5 is used. In the cases of co-incineration, where liquid fuels are only used for ignition in coal fired plants, the share of coal fired plants is used. PM emission reporting starts in 1995, since no sufficient information about the dust composition of the early 1990s is available. PM10 and PM2.5 emission factors are calculated as a fraction of TSP. The share of PM10 is 90 % and the share of PM2.5 is 80 % for solid fuels. This is a simple but also conservative approach, knowing that, in reality, PM emissions depend on fuel, combustion and abatement technologies. In terms of natural gas and biogas PM10 and PM2.5 fractions are considered as 100 % of TSP. Regarding wood a share of 100% PM10 and 90% PM2.5 is used. For liquid fuels the default share of 100% PM10 and PM2.5 is used. In the cases of co-incineration, where liquid fuels are only used for ignition in coal fired plants, the share of coal fired plants is used. PM emission reporting starts in 1995, since no sufficient information about the dust composition of the early 1990s is available.
 +
 +=== Trend Discussion for Key Sources ===
 +
 +The following diagrams give an overview and assistance for explaining dominant emission trends of selected pollutant.
 +
 +== Sulfur Oxides & Nitrogen Oxides - SO,,x,, & NO,,x,,==
 +
 +[[gallery size="medium"]]
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_SOx.PNG
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_NOx.PNG
 +[[/gallery]]
 +
 +Like already discussed in source category 1.A.1.c, SO,,x,, emission trend is very much influenced by emissions from lignite fired plants. The strong decline of lignite use in the East German industry and the installation of flue gas desulfurisation plants in the remaining heat and power stations are the main reasons for decreasing SO,,x,, emissions.
 +
 +== Total Suspended Matter - TSP & Priority Heavy Metal - Hg & Cd ==
 +
 +[[gallery size="medium"]]
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_TSP.PNG
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_TSP_2000.png
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_Hg.PNG
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_Cd.PNG
 +[[/gallery]]
 +
 +The main driver of TSP and Heavy Metal emission trends is the declining lignite combustion in the East German industry especially in the time period from 1990 to 1994. Besides the noticeable improvement of dust extraction installations on the one hand and optimisation of the combustion process on the other hand resulted in considerably decreasing TSP and Heavy Metal emissions. The emission trend of source category 1.A2.g.viii is mainly affected by the closure of industrial plants in Eastern Germany after the reunification and the resulting decrease in fuel consumption. In recent years the use of biomass gains influence. 
 +
 +== Persistent Organic Pollutants ==
 +
 +[[gallery size="medium"]]
 +: 1A2gviii_EM_PCDDF.png
 +[[/gallery]]
 +
 +PCDD and PCDF emissions show a falling trend over the whole time period due to decreasing fuel consumption in the industry sector.
 +
 +=== Recalculations ===
 +
 +Recalculations were necessary for the latest reference year (2017) due to the availability of the National Energy Balance. Germany has a federal structure which causes a time lag for the National Energy Balance. Therefore recalculations are always necessary. 
 +Further recalculations occured due to the revision of CO and NH,,3,, emission factors of large combustion plants. 
 +
 +> For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates reported for Base Year and 2017**, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following chapter [[[recalculations | 8.1 - Recalculations]]].
 +
 +=== Planned improvements ===
 + 
 +Currently no improvements are planned.  
 +