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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:small_combustion:mobile_small_combustion:agriculture_and_forestry [2021/03/25 08:25] – kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:small_combustion:mobile_small_combustion:agriculture_and_forestry [2021/04/15 07:53] – [Table] kotzulla | ||
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====Activity data==== | ====Activity data==== | ||
- | Sector-specific consumption data is included in the primary fuel-delivery data are available from NEB line 67: ' | + | Sector-specific consumption data is included in the primary fuel-delivery data are available from NEB line 67: ' |
{{ : | {{ : | ||
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|| as of 1995 || **AGEB** - National Energy Balance, line 67: ' | || as of 1995 || **AGEB** - National Energy Balance, line 67: ' | ||
- | Following the deduction of energy inputs for military vehicles as provided in (BAFA, | + | Following the deduction of energy inputs for military vehicles as provided in (BAFA, |
To provide more specific information on mobile sources in agriculture and forestry, the inventory compiler further devides NFR sector 1.A.4.c ii into **1.A.4.c ii (i) - NRMM in agriculture** in and **1.A.4.c ii (ii) - NRMM in forestry**. | To provide more specific information on mobile sources in agriculture and forestry, the inventory compiler further devides NFR sector 1.A.4.c ii into **1.A.4.c ii (i) - NRMM in agriculture** in and **1.A.4.c ii (ii) - NRMM in forestry**. | ||
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^ Gasoline fuels < | ^ Gasoline fuels < | ||
| **1.A.4.c ii (ii)** | | **1.A.4.c ii (ii)** | ||
- | source: own estimations based on Knörr et al. (2019b) [((bibcite 3))] | + | source: own estimations based on Knörr et al. (2020b) [(KNOERR2020b)] |
< | < | ||
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The emission factors applied here are of rather different quality: | The emission factors applied here are of rather different quality: | ||
- | Basically, for all **main pollutants**, | + | Basically, for all **main pollutants**, |
> For Information on the country-specific implied emission factors applied to mobile machinery in agriculture and forestry, please refer to the respective sub-chapters linked above. | > For Information on the country-specific implied emission factors applied to mobile machinery in agriculture and forestry, please refer to the respective sub-chapters linked above. | ||
- | > For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, | + | > For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, |
===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ===== Discussion of emission trends ===== | ||
- | > **NFR 1.A.4.c ii** is key source for emissions of **NO,,x,,**, **BC**, **PM,,2.5,,** and **PM,,10,,**. | + | __Table: Outcome of Key Catgegory Analysis__ |
+ | | for: ^ NO< | ||
+ | | by: | Level | ||
+ | |||
+ | > **NFR 1.A.4.c ii** is key source for emissions of **NO<sub>x</ | ||
- | ==== Unregulated pollutants (NH,,3,,, HMs, POPs, ...)==== | + | ==== Unregulated pollutants (Ammonia, HMs, POPs, ...)==== |
For all unregulated pollutants, emission trends directly follow the trend in fuel consumption. | For all unregulated pollutants, emission trends directly follow the trend in fuel consumption. | ||
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{{ : | {{ : | ||
- | In contrast to the main pollutants, all heavy-metal and POP emissions are calculated based on default EF from [((bibcite 4))]. | + | In contrast to the main pollutants, all heavy-metal and POP emissions are calculated based on default EF from [(EMEPEEA2019)]. |
{{ : | {{ : | ||
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Here, exemplary for cadmium, the extreme steps in emission estimates result from two effects: | Here, exemplary for cadmium, the extreme steps in emission estimates result from two effects: | ||
- | (i) the annual amounts of gasoline fuels allocated to NFR 1.A.4.c ii depend on the amounts delivered to the military also covered in NEB line 67. (see [[[1-a-4-mobile-combustion | superordinate chapter | + | (i) the annual amounts of gasoline fuels allocated to NFR 1.A.4.c ii depend on the amounts delivered to the military also covered in NEB line 67. (see superordinate chapter for further information). This approach results in strong declines in gasoline consumption after 2007 and 2011 followed by an increase after 2014. |
- | This approach results in strong declines in gasoline consumption after 2007 and 2011 followed by an increase after 2014. | + | |
{{ : | {{ : | ||
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__Table 5: Tier1 default emission factors applied to NRMM, in g/TJ__ | __Table 5: Tier1 default emission factors applied to NRMM, in g/TJ__ | ||
- | ^ | + | | |
^ Diesel oil | ^ Diesel oil | ||
^ Biodiesel< | ^ Biodiesel< | ||
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==== Regulated pollutants ==== | ==== Regulated pollutants ==== | ||
- | |||
- | === Nitrogen oxides (NO,,x,,), Sulphur dioxide (SO,, | ||
For all regulated pollutants, emission trends follow not only the trend in fuel consumption but also reflect the impact of fuel-quality and exhaust-emission legislation. | For all regulated pollutants, emission trends follow not only the trend in fuel consumption but also reflect the impact of fuel-quality and exhaust-emission legislation. | ||
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{{ : | {{ : | ||
- | === Particulate matter | + | === Particulate matter |
Over-all PM emissions are by far dominated by emissions from diesel oil combustion with the falling trend basically following the decline in fuel consumption between 2000 and 2005. | Over-all PM emissions are by far dominated by emissions from diesel oil combustion with the falling trend basically following the decline in fuel consumption between 2000 and 2005. | ||
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{{ : | {{ : | ||
- | |||
- | |||
===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | Revisions in **activity data** result from slightly adapted NCVs and biofuel | + | Revisions in **activity data** result from revised percental |
- | __Table 6: Revised | + | __Table 6: Revised |
| | | | ||
| 1.A.4.c ii (i) - diesel fuels |||||||||||||| | | 1.A.4.c ii (i) - diesel fuels |||||||||||||| | ||
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^ relative change | ^ relative change | ||
- | __Table | + | __Table |
| | **1990** | | | **1990** | ||
| **Diesel fuels** | | **Diesel fuels** | ||
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^ absolute change | ^ absolute change | ||
^ relative change | ^ relative change | ||
- | |||
- | |||
As, in contrast, all **emission factors** remain unrevised compared to last year's susbmission, | As, in contrast, all **emission factors** remain unrevised compared to last year's susbmission, | ||
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For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | ||
</ | </ | ||
- | |||
===== Uncertainties ===== | ===== Uncertainties ===== | ||
- | Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: " | + | Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: " |
Uncertainty estimates for **emission factors** were compiled during the PAREST research project. Here, the final report has not yet been published. | Uncertainty estimates for **emission factors** were compiled during the PAREST research project. Here, the final report has not yet been published. | ||
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**//Why are similar EF applied for estimating exhaust heavy metal emissions from both fossil and biofuels?// | **//Why are similar EF applied for estimating exhaust heavy metal emissions from both fossil and biofuels?// | ||
- | The EF provided in [((bibcite 4))] represent summatory values for (i) the fuel's and (ii) the lubricant' | + | The EF provided in [(EMEPEEA2019)] represent summatory values for (i) the fuel's and (ii) the lubricant' |
- | + | ||
- | + | ||
- | ------ | + | |
- | [[bibliography]] | + | [(AGEB2020> |
- | : 1 : AGEB, 2019: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; | + | [(BAFA2020> |
- | : 2 : BAFA, 2019: Federal Office of Economics and Export Control (Bundesamt für Wirtschaft und Ausfuhrkontrolle, | + | URL: https:// |
- | URL: https:// | + | [(KNOERR2020b> |
- | : 3 : Knörr et al. (2019b): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Aktualisierung des Modells TREMOD-Mobile Machinery (TREMOD MM) 2019, Heidelberg, | + | [(EMEPEEA2019> |
- | : 4 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2019, Copenhagen, 2019. | + | [(RENTZ2008> |
- | : 5 : Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, | + | [(KNOERR2009> |
- | : 6 : Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; | + | |
- | [[/ | + |