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| sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:international_maritime_navigation [2021/02/12 11:55] – kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:international_maritime_navigation [2021/12/15 20:00] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| Under NFR category **1.A.3.d i (i)**, emissions from international maritime navigation fuelling in and starting form German harbours are reported. | Under NFR category **1.A.3.d i (i)**, emissions from international maritime navigation fuelling in and starting form German harbours are reported. | ||
| - | ^ Method | + | ^ Category Code ^ Method |
| - | | T1, T2, T3 | NS, M | CS, M | //not included in key category analysis// | + | | 1.A.3.d i (i) |
| + | ^ Key Category | ||
| + | | 1.A.3.d i (i) | ||
| {{page> | {{page> | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| - | |||
| ===== Methodology ===== | ===== Methodology ===== | ||
| Line 17: | Line 18: | ||
| ==== Activity data ==== | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
| - | Primary fuel delivery data (primary activity data, PAD) for // | + | Primary fuel delivery data (primary activity data, PAD) for // |
| The AD applied for // | The AD applied for // | ||
| - | [[math]] | + | | <WRAP left round info 100%> |
| - | AD_\text{ | + | |
| - | [[/math]] | + | |
| __Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, | __Table 1: Annual fuel consumption, | ||
| - | | | + | | | **1990** |
| - | ^ Diesel Oil | 36, | + | ^ Diesel Oil |
| - | ^ Heavy fuel oil | 11,723 | 8,041 | 8,577 | 7,172 | 7,004 | 7,425 | 7,797 | 6,733 | 6,114 | 5,961 | 6,410 | 6,376 | 6,046 | 50,0 | 7,05 | 7,01 | 283 | | | + | ^ Heavy fuel oil |
| - | | ||||||||||||||||||| | + | | **Ʃ 1.A.3.d |
| - | | **Ʃ 1.A.3.d | + | source: own estimates based on underlying BSH model (Deichnik, K. (2020)) [(DEICHNIK2020)] |
| - | source: own estimates based on [((bibcite 2))] | + | Consumption of heavy oil has been increasing since 1984 as a result of high petroleum prices, global increases in transports and increasing maritime use of diesel engines that can run on heavy oil. The emissions fluctuations that occurred in the navigation sector in 1992 and 1996 were caused by trade and oil crises. |
| - | [[gallery size=" | + | Furthermore, |
| - | : 1A3di_AD.png | + | |
| - | [[/ | + | |
| - | Consumption of heavy oil has been increasing since 1984 as a result of high petroleum prices, global increases in transports and increasing maritime use of diesel engines that can run on heavy oil. The emissions fluctuations that occurred in the navigation | + | {{ : |
| - | === Emission factors === | + | ==== Emission factors |
| - | For **main pollutants** and **particulate matter**, modelled emission factors are available from (Deichnik, K. (2019)) [((bibcite 2))]. | + | For **main pollutants** and **particulate matter**, modelled emission factors are available from (Deichnik, K. (2020)) [(DEICHNIK2020)]. |
| Here, for **sulphur dioxide** and **particulate matter**, annual values are available representing the impact of fuel sulphur legislation. | Here, for **sulphur dioxide** and **particulate matter**, annual values are available representing the impact of fuel sulphur legislation. | ||
| - | In addition, regarding SO,,x,,, the increasing operation of so-called scrubbers in order to fullfil emission limits especially within SECA areas is reflected for heavy fuel oil. | + | In addition, regarding SO< |
| __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | ||
| - | | | + | | |
| - | | **DIESEL OIL** | + | | **DIESEL OIL** |
| - | ^ NH< | + | ^ NH< |
| - | ^ NMVOC | + | ^ NMVOC |
| - | ^ NO< | + | ^ NO< |
| - | ^ SO< | + | ^ SO< |
| - | ^ BC< | + | ^ BC< |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ TSP< | + | ^ TSP< |
| - | | **HEAVY FUEL OIL** ||||||||||||||| | + | ^ CO |
| - | ^ CO | + | | **HEAVY FUEL OIL** ||||||||||||||| |
| - | ^ NH< | + | ^ NH< |
| - | ^ NMVOC | + | ^ NMVOC |
| - | ^ NO< | + | ^ NO< |
| - | ^ SO< | + | ^ SO< |
| - | ^ BC< | + | ^ BC< |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ TSP< | + | ^ TSP< |
| - | ^ CO | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ CO | |
| - | < | + | < |
| - | < | + | < |
| - | > **NOTE: | + | <WRAP center round info 100%> |
| + | For the country-specific emission factors applied for particulate matter, no clear indication is available, whether or not condensables are included. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| - | > For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, | + | <WRAP center round info 100%> |
| + | For information on the **emission factors for heavy-metal and POP exhaust emissions**, | ||
| + | </ | ||
| - | + __Trends of exhaust emissions from international navigation__ | ||
| - | > **NFR 1.A.3.d i** is **not considered in the key category analysis**. | + | ===== Discussion of emission trends===== |
| - | Emission trends for unregulated pollutants (such as **NH,,3,,**, **NO,,x,,**, **NMVOC** and **CO**, all **HM** and **POPs**) with only slight changes in the annual over-all IEFs applied, follow the trends in fuel consumption and the shares of diesel and heavy fuel oil: | + | **NFR 1.A.3.d i** is **not considered in the key category analysis**. |
| - | [[gallery size=" | + | Emission trends for unregulated pollutants (such as **NH< |
| - | : EM_1A3di_NH3.png | + | |
| - | : EM_1A3di_Cd.png | + | |
| - | [[/gallery]] | + | |
| - | On the other hand, the emission trends for **SO,,x,,** and **PM**, both depending on the fuel's sulphur content, follow not only the trends in fuel consumption but do also reflect fuel-sulphur legislation: | + | {{ :sector: |
| - | [[gallery size=" | + | On the other hand, the emission trends for **SO< |
| - | : EM_1A3di_SO2.png | + | |
| - | : EM_1A3di_PM.png | + | {{ : |
| - | [[/ | + | |
| ===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
| - | Resulting from changes in the fuel consumption data computed within [((bibcite 2))] for // | + | Resulting from changes in the fuel consumption data computed within [(DEICHNIK2020)] for // |
| - | + | ||
| - | __Table 3: Revised fuel consumption data 2017, in terajoules__ | + | |
| - | ||= ||= **Diesel oil** ||= **Heavy fuel oil** ||= **over-all consumption** ||= | + | |
| - | ||~ Submission 2020 ||> | + | |
| - | ||~ Submission 2019 ||> | + | |
| - | ||~ absolute change ||> | + | |
| - | ||~ relative change ||> | + | |
| + | __Table 3: Revised fuel consumption data 2018, in terajoules__ | ||
| + | | ^ Diesel< | ||
| + | ^ Submission 2021 | | ||
| + | ^ Submission 2020 | | ||
| + | ^ absolute change | ||
| + | ^ relative change | ||
| + | < | ||
| In contrast, all country-specific and default **emission factors applied remain unrevised** compared to last year's submission. | In contrast, all country-specific and default **emission factors applied remain unrevised** compared to last year's submission. | ||
| Line 114: | Line 111: | ||
| ===== Uncertainties ===== | ===== Uncertainties ===== | ||
| - | Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: " | + | Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: " |
| ===== Planned improvements ===== | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
| Line 122: | Line 119: | ||
| ===== FAQs ===== | ===== FAQs ===== | ||
| - | ------ | + | [(AGEB2020> |
| - | + | [(DEICHNIK2020> | |
| - | [[bibliography]] | + | [(EMEPEEA2019> |
| - | : 1 : AGEB, 2019: Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; | + | [(RENTZ2008> |
| - | : 2 : Deichnik, K. (2019): Aktualisierung und Revision des Modells zur Berechnung der spezifischen Verbräuche und Emissionen des von Deutschland ausgehenden Seeverkehrs. from Bundesamts für Seeschifffahrt und Hydrographie (BSH); Hamburg, | + | [(KNOERR2009> |
| - | : 3 : EMEP/EEA (2019): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, URL: https:// | + | |
| - | : 4 : Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, | + | |
| - | : 5 : Knörr et al. (2009): Knörr, W., Heldstab, J., & Kasser, F.: Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland; | + | |
| - | [[/ | + | |