meta data for this page
  •  

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
Next revisionBoth sides next revision
sector:ippu:metal_production:aluminum_production:start [2021/04/12 14:53] – NOx implemented reichelsector:ippu:metal_production:aluminum_production:start [2021/04/14 20:15] – [Bibliography] reichel
Line 33: Line 33:
 The average anode consumption is 430 kg of petrol coke per tonne of aluminium. The average anode consumption is 430 kg of petrol coke per tonne of aluminium.
  
-The following table shows some process-related emission factors.+The following tables show some process-related emission factors.
  
-__Table 1: Emission factors applied__+__Table 1: Emission factors applied for anode production__
  
-^  pollutant  ^  Activity / Process ^  EF  ^  unit  ^  Trend ^+^  pollutant  ^  Activity / Process  ^  EF  ^  unit  ^  Trend  ^
 | PAH | anode production | 300 | mg/t | constant | | PAH | anode production | 300 | mg/t | constant |
-||||||+ 
 +__Table 2: Emission factors applied for primary aluminium production__ 
 + 
 +^  pollutant  ^  Activity / Process  ^  EF  ^  unit  ^  Trend  ^
 | CO | primary aluminium | 180 | kg/t | constant | | CO | primary aluminium | 180 | kg/t | constant |
 | SO<sub>2</sub> | primary aluminium | 7.341 | kg/t | constant | | SO<sub>2</sub> | primary aluminium | 7.341 | kg/t | constant |
Line 46: Line 49:
 | PM<sub>2.5</sub> | primary aluminium | 0.581 | kg/t | falling | | PM<sub>2.5</sub> | primary aluminium | 0.581 | kg/t | falling |
 | Cd | primary aluminium | 0.15 | g/t | constant | | Cd | primary aluminium | 0.15 | g/t | constant |
-| Ni | primary aluminium | 0.162 | g/t ||+| Ni | primary aluminium | 0.162 | g/t | falling |
 | Zn | primary aluminium | 10 | g/t | constant | | Zn | primary aluminium | 10 | g/t | constant |
 | NOx | primary aluminium | 1 | kg/t | constant | | NOx | primary aluminium | 1 | kg/t | constant |
-|||||| 
-| TSP | resmelted aluminium | 0.055 | kg/t | constant | 
-| PM<sub>10</sub> | resmelted aluminium | 0.047 | kg/t | constant | 
-| PM<sub>2.5</sub> | resmelted aluminium | 0.03843 | kg/t| constant | 
-| Cd | resmelted aluminium | 7 | mg/t | constant | 
-| Cu | resmelted aluminium | 8.411 | mg/t |  | 
-| Hg | resmelted aluminium | 1.7 | mg/t | constant | 
-| Pb | resmelted aluminium | 4.452 | mg/t | 
-| Zn | resmelted aluminium | 4 | g/t | constant | 
-| HCB (years 1990-2001)| resmelted aluminium | 5 | g/t | constant |  
  
-=== Uncertainties ===+Nitrogen oxides essentially arise from the nitrogen content of the fuels in combustion processes and at temperatures above 1,000 ° C also from air nitrogen. Another source of NO<sub>x</sub> is the electrolysis in primary aluminium production due to the presence of nitrogen in the anode, which can be oxidized to NO<sub>x</sub>. All these emission sources resulting from energy related processes are included in 1.A.2.b. If other sources of NO<sub>x</sub> have quantitative effects is not known. In order not to miss process related NO<sub>x</sub> emissions the standard emission factor is also used. Germany is following recommendations provided by the Expert Review Team for the NECD Review 2017. 
 + 
 +__Table 3: Emission factors applied for secondary aluminium production__ 
 + 
 +^  pollutant             ^  Activity / Process  ^  EF      ^  unit  ^  Trend    ^ 
 +| TSP                    | resmelted aluminium  | 0.055    | kg/t   | constant  | 
 +| PM<sub>10</sub>        | resmelted aluminium  | 0.047    | kg/t   | constant  | 
 +| PM<sub>2.5</sub>       | resmelted aluminium  | 0.03843  | kg/t   | constant  | 
 +| Cd                     | resmelted aluminium  | 7        | mg/t   | constant  | 
 +| Cu                     | resmelted aluminium  | 8.411    | mg/t   | constant  | 
 +| Hg                     | resmelted aluminium  | 1.7      | mg/t   | constant  | 
 +| Pb                     | resmelted aluminium  | 4.452    | mg/t   | constant  | 
 +| Zn                     | resmelted aluminium  | 4        | g/t    | constant  | 
 +| HCB (years 1990-2001)  | resmelted aluminium  | 5        | g/t    | constant  |
  
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
Line 73: Line 79:
 ===== Planned improvements ===== ===== Planned improvements =====
  
-Nitrogen oxides essentially arise from the nitrogen content of the fuels in combustion processes and at temperatures above 1,000 ° C also from air nitrogen. Another source of NO<sub>x</sub> is the electrolysis in primary aluminium production due to the presence of nitrogen in the anode, which can be oxidized to NO<sub>x</sub>. All these emission sources resulting from energy related processes are included in 1.A.2.b.  +No improvements are planned.
- +
-Therefore, all NO<sub>x</sub> emissions will be reported there. If other sources of NO<sub>x</sub> have quantitative effects is not known. The inventory compiler will try to get reliable information from the relevant industry association.+
  
 ===== Bibliography ===== ===== Bibliography =====
  
 ** Lit. 1:**  German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle): Annual statistical report: https://www.wvmetalle.de \\ ** Lit. 1:**  German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle): Annual statistical report: https://www.wvmetalle.de \\
-** Lit. 2:** \\+** Lit. 2:** EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, Copenhagen, 2019. https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/2-industrial-processes/2-c-metal-production/2-c-3-aluminium-production/view \\
 ** Lit. 3:** Ökopol, IER, IZT, IfG: Bereitstellung einer qualitätsgesicherten Datengrundlage für die Emissionsberichterstattung zur Umsetzung von internationalen Luftreinhalte- und Klimaschutzvereinbarungen für ausgewählte Industriebranchen Teilvorhaben 2: NE-Metallindustrie, Kalkindustrie, Gießereien. \\ ** Lit. 3:** Ökopol, IER, IZT, IfG: Bereitstellung einer qualitätsgesicherten Datengrundlage für die Emissionsberichterstattung zur Umsetzung von internationalen Luftreinhalte- und Klimaschutzvereinbarungen für ausgewählte Industriebranchen Teilvorhaben 2: NE-Metallindustrie, Kalkindustrie, Gießereien. \\
-** Lit. 4:**