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sector:ippu:mineral_industry:cement_production:start [2021/01/17 11:38] – created kotzulla | sector:ippu:mineral_industry:cement_production:start [2021/12/15 20:00] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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====== 2.A.1 - Cement Production ====== | ====== 2.A.1 - Cement Production ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Short description ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^ Category Code ^ Method | ||
+ | | 2.A.1 | ||
+ | ^ Key Category | ||
+ | | 2.A.1 | ||
+ | {{page> | ||
+ | \\ | ||
+ | The remarks below refer to production of cement clinkers and clinker grinding (only relevant as a source for particulate matter). The clinker-burning with intensive use of energy emits climate-relevant gases. CO₂ accounts for the great majority of these emissions, but heavy metals are important too. | ||
+ | ===== Methodology ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | //cement clinker// | ||
+ | |||
+ | Activity data are determined via summation of figures for individual plants (until 1994, activity data were determined on the basis of data of the official member association BDZ). As of 1995, following optimisation of data collection within the association, | ||
+ | |||
+ | For internal reasons within the association, | ||
+ | Furthermore CKD was taken into account. | ||
+ | |||
+ | //grinded cement// | ||
+ | |||
+ | This figure is provided by VDZ, but calculated with statistical Data [(Sum of two Statistical-IDs: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The emission factors used for emissions calculation are based on figures from research projects as well as from expert judgements. | ||
+ | |||
+ | In the German cement industry, dust separated from clinker burning exhaust gas is returned to the burning process. As a result, there is no need to take account of significant losses of particles via the exhaust-gas pathway. - On the other hand, particulate matter emissions occur during clinker grinding. | ||
+ | |||
+ | EF for Hg is based on aggregated figures for individual plants of PRTR-reporting. The trend estimation is based on an expert judgement and derived from TSP trend. | ||
+ | |||
+ | __Table 1: Overview of applied emission factors__ | ||
+ | ^ Pollutant | ||
+ | ^ NOₓ || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ SO₂ || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ NMVOC || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ NH₃ || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ Hg || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ Pb || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ Cd || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ PCB || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ PCDD || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ B(a)P || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ PAH || clinker burning | ||
+ | ^ // | ||
+ | ^ // | ||
+ | ^ // | ||
+ | |||
+ | Emissions of HCB are not applicable according to a research result. The table of EF is related to two different AD sets. For purposes of the most pollutants the AD is burnt clinker. For purposes of emission estimation of PM the AD is grinded clinker (included further materials as domestic burnt clinker). NFR tables could provide only one AD (burnt clinker). | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Trends in emissions ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | All trends in emissions correspond to trends of emission factors in table above. No rising trends are to identify. | ||
+ | [{{: | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | With **activity data** and **emission factors** remaining unrevised, no recalculations have been carried out compared to last year's submission. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
+ | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | For purposes of updating the EF project has started in 2019, but results are planned not before 2021 [(ReFoPlan FKZ – 3719 52 1010: „Überarbeitung der Emissionsfaktoren für Luftschadstoffe in den Branchen Zementklinkerproduktion und Glasherstellung" | ||
+ |