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sector:ippu:other_product_use:fireworks:start [2021/02/01 14:11] – [Short description] kuntze | sector:ippu:other_product_use:fireworks:start [2021/05/05 13:35] – kotzulla | ||
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====== 2.G(a) - Fireworks ====== | ====== 2.G(a) - Fireworks ====== | ||
- | Fireworks | + | |
==== Short description ==== | ==== Short description ==== | ||
- | In this sub-category of //2.G(a) - Other product use: Fireworks// Germany reports NO,,x,,, SO,,x,,, CO, TSP, PM,,10,,, PM,,2.5,,, Cu, Pb and Zn emissions from fireworks. | + | In this sub-category of //2.G(a) - Other product use: Fireworks// Germany reports NO<sub>x</ |
- | ^ NFR-Code | + | ^ NFR-Code |
- | | 2.G(a) | + | | 2.G(a) |
- | ==== Method | + | |
- | In the year 2019 measurements were made by a finish | + | ===== Methodology ===== |
- | In 2020 the VPI and the UBA had an intensive information exchange, in which the VPI presented the results of the measurements to the UBA. The different emission factors were discussed and finally based on the expert judgement it was decided which EFs shall be used for the reporting. In the next step the activity data were updated more differentiated. Further a discussion of the other EFs was made, which led to some changes in the EFs. The results are presented below. | + | |
+ | In 2019, measurements were made by a Finnish | ||
+ | |||
+ | In 2020, VPI and UBA had an intensive information exchange, in which the VPI presented the results of the measurements to the UBA. The different emission factors were discussed and finally based on the expert judgement it was decided which EFs shall be used for the reporting. In the next step the activity data were updated more differentiated. Further a discussion of the other EFs was made, which led to some changes in the EFs. The results are presented below. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
- | == Activity data == | ||
For the calculation of the activity data the following formula is used: | For the calculation of the activity data the following formula is used: | ||
- | AR = production + import – export – disposal + return | + | |
+ | <WRAP center round box 60%> | ||
+ | AD = production + import – export – disposal + return< | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
The **production, | The **production, | ||
+ | |||
**Import and export:** For the import and export data statistical data from the statistical federal office of Germany were taken (foreign statistics of federal office of statistics)[(Statistisches Bundesamt (51000-0013): | **Import and export:** For the import and export data statistical data from the statistical federal office of Germany were taken (foreign statistics of federal office of statistics)[(Statistisches Bundesamt (51000-0013): | ||
+ | |||
The sold amounts of fireworks have increased strongly from 1990 to 1995. From 1995 to 1997 the emissions were relatively high but decreased from 1997 to 2005. Since then, the emissions have been relatively constant with small fluctuations. | The sold amounts of fireworks have increased strongly from 1990 to 1995. From 1995 to 1997 the emissions were relatively high but decreased from 1997 to 2005. Since then, the emissions have been relatively constant with small fluctuations. | ||
- | == Emission factors == | + | **Return**: Amount |
- | The emission factors of SO₂, CO, NOₓ, Cu, Pb and Zn are the Default-EFs derived from the EMEP Guidebook[(EMEP/ | + | |
- | ^ Pollutants | + | **Disposal**: |
- | ^ SO2 ^ g/t product | + | |
- | ^ CO ^ g/t product | + | |
- | ^ NOx ^ g/t product | + | |
- | ^ Cu ^ g/t product | + | |
- | ^ Pb ^ g/t product | + | |
- | ^ Zn ^ g/t product | + | |
- | The emission | + | ==== Emission |
- | ^ Pollutant | + | The emission factors of SO< |
- | ^ ^ Sylvester-EF | + | |
- | ^ ^ [g/t] ^ [g/t] ^ [g/t] ^ [g/t] ^ [g/t] ^ [g/t] ^ | + | |
- | ^ 1990 | 52.002,56 | 62.799,96 | 41.463, | + | |
- | ^ 1991 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1992 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1993 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1994 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1995 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1996 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1997 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1998 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 1999 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2000 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2001 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2002 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2003 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2004 | 52.002, | + | |
- | ^ 2005 | 47.509, | + | |
- | ^ 2006 | 45.793, | + | |
- | ^ 2007 | 45.174, | + | |
- | ^ 2008 | 45.955, | + | |
- | ^ 2009 | 45.701, | + | |
- | ^ 2010 | 44.826, | + | |
- | ^ 2011 | 44.068, | + | |
- | ^ 2012 | 45.566, | + | |
- | ^ 2013 | 46.098, | + | |
- | ^ 2014 | 46.621, | + | |
- | ^ 2015 | 47.474,24 | 67.313,58 | 39.383,93 | 53.212, | + | |
- | ^ 2016 | 47.523, | + | |
- | ^ 2017 | 47.853, | + | |
- | ^ 2018 | 48.270, | + | |
- | ^ 2019 | 48.085, | + | |
+ | __Table 1: Default emission factors applied, in g/t product__ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | ^ SO< | ||
+ | ^ CO | ||
+ | ^ NO< | ||
+ | ^ Cu | ||
+ | ^ Pb | ||
+ | ^ Zn | ||
+ | The emission factors for PM< | ||
+ | |||
+ | __Table 2: Country-specific PM emission factors applied, in g/t product__ | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | | | ||
+ | ^ 1990-2004 | ||
+ | ^ 2005 | ||
+ | ^ 2006 | ||
+ | ^ 2007 | ||
+ | ^ 2008 | ||
+ | ^ 2009 | ||
+ | ^ 2010 | ||
+ | ^ 2011 | ||
+ | ^ 2012 | ||
+ | ^ 2013 | ||
+ | ^ 2014 | ||
+ | ^ 2015 | ||
+ | ^ 2016 | ||
+ | ^ 2017 | ||
+ | ^ 2018 | ||
+ | ^ 2019 | ||
The EMEP Guidebook offers Default-EFs for the pollutants Ar, Hg, Ni and Cr. But the VPI has proofed that these emissions does not occur in Germany. And the VPI has further proofed that Pb emissions does not anymore occur since 2003. See the following explanations: | The EMEP Guidebook offers Default-EFs for the pollutants Ar, Hg, Ni and Cr. But the VPI has proofed that these emissions does not occur in Germany. And the VPI has further proofed that Pb emissions does not anymore occur since 2003. See the following explanations: | ||
- | **AR and Hg:** For Ar and Hg the members of the VPI have confirmed that Ar and Hg are not anymore used since 1980. Since 2003 the DIN EN 14035:2003 went in force, which did forbit these substances. The actual follow up norm DIN EN 15947-5 was published in February 2016 and describes the german implementation of the harmonized and in the official journal of the European union 2017, C 149/2 published norm EN 15947:2015. | + | **As and Hg:** For As and Hg the members of the VPI have confirmed that Ar and Hg are not anymore used since 1980. Since 2003 the DIN EN 14035:2003 went in force, which did forbit these substances. The actual follow up norm DIN EN 15947-5 was published in February 2016 and describes the german implementation of the harmonized and in the official journal of the European union 2017, C 149/2 published norm EN 15947:2015. |
**Pb:** As the DIN EN 14035:2003 entered into force as from 2003, which did forbid this substance, there are no Pb-emissions from fireworks from 2003 onwards. The actual follow up norm DIN EN 15947-5 was published in February 2016 and describes the german implementation of the harmonized and in the official journal of the European union 2017, C 149/2 published norm EN 15947:2015. | **Pb:** As the DIN EN 14035:2003 entered into force as from 2003, which did forbid this substance, there are no Pb-emissions from fireworks from 2003 onwards. The actual follow up norm DIN EN 15947-5 was published in February 2016 and describes the german implementation of the harmonized and in the official journal of the European union 2017, C 149/2 published norm EN 15947:2015. | ||
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**Cr:** According the information from the members of the VPI Cr is not anymore used since the beginning of the 1980. Since 2012 (REACH Annex XIV (Ordinance (EU) Nr. 125/2012) Cr was implemented in the REACH Annex XIV. So from that year a permission duty is necessary. So far, none of the fireworks producers has requested for a permission. | **Cr:** According the information from the members of the VPI Cr is not anymore used since the beginning of the 1980. Since 2012 (REACH Annex XIV (Ordinance (EU) Nr. 125/2012) Cr was implemented in the REACH Annex XIV. So from that year a permission duty is necessary. So far, none of the fireworks producers has requested for a permission. | ||
- | ==== Recalculations ==== | + | ===== Recalculations |
- | The **activity | + | |
+ | **Activity | ||
+ | |||
+ | __Table 3: Change of AD between Submission 2020 and Submission 2021, in t__ | ||
+ | ^ ||^ 1990 | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2021 || New Years Eve | 13,939 | 51,421 | | ||
+ | | ::: | ::: | during the year | 4,130 | 7,447 | | ||
+ | | ::: | ::: ^ SUM ^ 18,069 ^ 58, | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 ||^ 17,957 ^ 66,272 ^ | ||
+ | | Change | ||
- | Table 1: Change of AD between Submission 2020 and Submission 2021 | + | {{ :sector: |
- | ^ | + | |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | |
- | ^ Difference | + | |
The **emissions** from As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Ni were deleted. The VPI proofed that these emissions does not occur. | The **emissions** from As, Cd, Cr, Hg and Ni were deleted. The VPI proofed that these emissions does not occur. | ||
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The emissions of CO, Cu, NOx, SOₓ, Zn and Pb are changed because of changed AD. The emissions of PM10, PM2.5 and TSP are changed because of changed AD and new EFs from the VPI. | The emissions of CO, Cu, NOx, SOₓ, Zn and Pb are changed because of changed AD. The emissions of PM10, PM2.5 and TSP are changed because of changed AD and new EFs from the VPI. | ||
| | ||
- | Table 2: Change of emissions between Submission 2020 and Submission 2021 | + | __Table 4: Change of emissions between Submission 2020 and Submission 2021, in t__ |
- | ^ | + | ^ |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ ^ Schadstoff | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Difference | + | ^ Subm2020 |
- | ^ ^ Schadstoff | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2020 | + | ^ Subm2021 |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | ^ Difference |
- | ^ Subm2021 | + | |
- | ^ Difference | + | |
+ | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
+ | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | ||
+ | </ | ||
==== Uncertainties ==== | ==== Uncertainties ==== | ||
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==== Planned improvements ==== | ==== Planned improvements ==== | ||
- | The Link to peer reviewed publication of the research results of the VPI will be added as soon as the report is published. | + | No improvements are planned. |
+ | |||