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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:domestic_civil_aviation_-_lto [2023/01/10 12:16] – [Planned improvements] kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:domestic_civil_aviation_-_lto [2023/04/12 07:07] – [Uncertainties] kotzulla
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 ^ Jet Kerosene       |  30.2  |  29.4  |  27.9  |  27.6  |  27.6  |  27.7  |  28.0  |  27.8  |  27.7  |  27.7  |  28.1  |  28.3  |  28.4  |  28.1  |  27.6  |   33.7 | ^ Jet Kerosene       |  30.2  |  29.4  |  27.9  |  27.6  |  27.6  |  27.7  |  28.0  |  27.8  |  27.7  |  27.7  |  28.1  |  28.3  |  28.4  |  28.1  |  27.6  |   33.7 |
 ^ Aviation Gasoline  |  12.7  |  12.9  |  12.7  |  13.2  |  12.9  |  12.9  |  12.8  |  12.8  |  12.7  |  12.9  |  12.8  |  12.1  |  12.6  |  12.7  |  12.7  |   21.9 | ^ Aviation Gasoline  |  12.7  |  12.9  |  12.7  |  13.2  |  12.9  |  12.9  |  12.8  |  12.8  |  12.7  |  12.9  |  12.8  |  12.1  |  12.6  |  12.7  |  12.7  |   21.9 |
-source: Knörr et al. (2021c) [(KNOERR2021c)] &: Gores (2021) [(GORES2021)]+source: Knörr et al. (2022c) [(KNOERR2022c)] &: Gores (2022) [(GORES2022)]
  
 As explained above, the use of aviation gasoline is - due to a lack of further information - assumed to entirely take place within the LTO-range.  As explained above, the use of aviation gasoline is - due to a lack of further information - assumed to entirely take place within the LTO-range. 
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 ^ Aviation Gasoline     |    245 |    119 |    113 |   71.7 |   56.9 |   65.2 |   58.3 |   52.2 |   49.9 |   58.0 |   47.1 |   44.2 |   44.7 |   37.4 |   24.8 |   31.9 | ^ Aviation Gasoline     |    245 |    119 |    113 |   71.7 |   56.9 |   65.2 |   58.3 |   52.2 |   49.9 |   58.0 |   47.1 |   44.2 |   44.7 |   37.4 |   24.8 |   31.9 |
 | **∑ 1.A.3.a ii (i)**  ^ 9,008  ^ 8,834  ^ 9,054  ^ 8,334  ^ 8,332  ^ 8,444  ^ 8,116  ^ 7,302  ^ 7,350  ^ 7,656  ^ 7,796  ^ 7,608  ^ 7,703  ^ 8,033  ^ 3,631  ^ 3,351  ^ | **∑ 1.A.3.a ii (i)**  ^ 9,008  ^ 8,834  ^ 9,054  ^ 8,334  ^ 8,332  ^ 8,444  ^ 8,116  ^ 7,302  ^ 7,350  ^ 7,656  ^ 7,796  ^ 7,608  ^ 7,703  ^ 8,033  ^ 3,631  ^ 3,351  ^
-source: Knörr et al. (2020c) &: Gores (2020)+source: Knörr et al. (2022c) &: Gores (2022)
  
-{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii_i_ad.png?700|Annual enrgy input}}+{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii_i_ad.png?700 |Annual enrgy input}}
  
 ==== Emission factors ==== ==== Emission factors ====
  
-All country-specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 (Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010)) [(KNOERR2012)] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV. +All country-specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 (Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2012)) [(KNOERR2012)] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV. 
  
 Furthermore, the **newly implemented EF(BC)** have been estimated via f-BCs as provided in the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)], Chapter 1.A.3.a, 1.A.5.b Aviation, page 49: "Conclusion".  Furthermore, the **newly implemented EF(BC)** have been estimated via f-BCs as provided in the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)], Chapter 1.A.3.a, 1.A.5.b Aviation, page 49: "Conclusion". 
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 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
-Where, for example, **nitrogen oxides** and **sulphur oxides** emissions are dominated by jet kerosene due to the amount of fuel used,---+Where, for example, **nitrogen oxides** and **sulphur oxides** emissions are dominated by jet kerosene due to the amount of fuel used,...
  
-{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_sox.png?700|Annual sulphur oxides emissions }} +{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_sox.png?700 |Annual sulphur oxides emissions }} 
-{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_nox.png?700|Annual nitrogen oxides emissions }}+{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_nox.png?700 |Annual nitrogen oxides emissions }}
  
-... the majority of **carbon monoxide** stems from the consumption of avgas given the much higher emission factor applied to this fuel, with the emission trend following the trend in avgas consumption.+... the majority of **carbon monoxide** stems from the consumption of avgas given the much higher emission factor applied to this fuel, with the emission trend following the trend in avgas consumption:
  
-Here, **Lead** emissions, with no emission factor available for jet kerosene, are only calculated for avgas.+{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_co.png?700 |Annual carbon monoxide emissions }}
  
-{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_co.png?700|Annual carbon monoxide emissions }} +**Lead** emissions, on the other hand, with no emission factor available for jet kerosene, are only calculated for avgas. Based on a stable fuel lead-content, the emission trend follows the trend in avgas consumption: 
-{{:sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_pb.png?700|Annual lead emissions }}+{{ :sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:1a3aii(i)_pb.png?700 |Annual lead emissions }}
  
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
Line 105: Line 105:
  
 __Table 4: Revised percentual share of kerosene and avgas consumed during L/TO for domestic flights, in %__ __Table 4: Revised percentual share of kerosene and avgas consumed during L/TO for domestic flights, in %__
-|                   ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2011   ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020  ^ +|                      ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010   ^  2011   ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^ 
-| **JET KEROSENE**  |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |        | +| **JET KEROSENE**     |        |        |        |        |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         | 
-^ Submission 2022   |    30.2 |    29.4 |    27.9 |    27.6 |    27.6 |    27.7 |    28.0 |    27.9 |    27.7 |    27.7 |    28.1 |    28.3 |    28.4 |    28.1 |        | +^ current submission   |   30.2 |   29.4 |   27.9 |   27.6 |    27.6 |    27.7 |    28.0 |    27.8 |    27.7 |    27.7 |    28.1 |    28.3 |    28.4 |    28.1 |    27.6 | 
-^ Submission 2021   |    30.2 |    29.4 |    27.9 |    27.6 |    27.6 |    27.7 |    28.0 |    27.9 |    27.7 |    27.7 |    28.1 |    28.3 |    28.4 |    28.1 |        | +^ previous submission  |   30.2 |   29.4 |   27.9 |   27.6 |    27.6 |    27.7 |    28.0 |    27.9 |    27.7 |    27.7 |    28.1 |    28.3 |    28.4 |    28.1 |    27.7 | 
-^ absolute change   |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.05 |        | +^ absolute change      |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |   -0.02 |   -0.03 |    0.00 |    0.00 |   -0.01 |   -0.01 |   -0.01 |   -0.01 |   -0.02 | 
-^ relative change   |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.17% |        | +^ relative change      |  0.00% |  0.00% |  0.00% |  0.00% |  -0.01% |  -0.01% |  -0.08% |  -0.11% |  -0.01% |  -0.02% |  -0.02% |  -0.02% |  -0.02% |  -0.02% |  -0.06% | 
-| **AVGAS**         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |        | +| **AVGAS**            |        |        |        |        |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         | 
-^ Submission 2022   |    12.7 |    12.9 |    12.7 |    13.2 |    12.9 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.8 |    12.7 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.1 |    12.6 |    12.7 |        | +^ current submission   |   12.7 |   12.9 |   12.7 |   13.2 |    12.9 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.8 |    12.7 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.1 |    12.6 |    12.7 |    12.7 | 
-^ Submission 2021   |    18.9 |    36.0 |    33.6 |    50.2 |    49.9 |    46.7 |    49.1 |    54.0 |    56.8 |    51.4 |    61.8 |    62.0 |    68.0 |    76.0 |        | +^ previous submission  |   12.7 |   12.9 |   12.7 |   13.2 |    12.9 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.8 |    12.7 |    12.9 |    12.8 |    12.1 |    12.6 |    12.7 |    12.7 | 
-^ absolute change   |   -6.16 |   -23.2 |   -21.0 |   -37.0 |   -36.9 |   -33.8 |   -36.3 |   -41.2 |   -44.2 |   -38.5 |   -49.0 |   -49.8 |   -55.4 |   -63.3 |        | +^ absolute change      |   0.00 |    0.0 |    0.0 |    0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 |     0.0 | 
-^ relative change   |  -32.6% |  -64.3% |  -62.3% |  -73.7% |  -74.0% |  -72.3% |  -74.0% |  -76.2% |  -77.7% |  -75.0% |  -79.3% |  -80.4% |  -81.5% |  -83.2% |        |+^ relative change      |  0.00% |  0.00% |  0.00% |  0.00% |   0.00% |   0.03% |   0.00% |   0.04% |   0.00% |  -0.01% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.01% |   0.01% |
  
 Hence, the amounts of kerosene and avgas allocated to sub-category 1.A.3.a ii (i) had to be revised accordingly: Hence, the amounts of kerosene and avgas allocated to sub-category 1.A.3.a ii (i) had to be revised accordingly:
  
 __Table 5: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoule__ __Table 5: Revised fuel consumption data, in terajoule__
-|                   ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2011   ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020  ^ +|                      ^  1990   ^  1995  ^  2000   ^  2005    ^  2010   ^  2011  ^  2012   ^  2013   ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^ 
-| **JET KEROSENE**  |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |        | +| **JET KEROSENE**                                                                                                                                         |||||||||||||||| 
-^ Submission 2022   |   9,380 |   8,303 |   9,811 |   9,187 |   8,589 |   7,869 |   8,171 |   7,633 |   7,297 |   7,358 |   7,844 |   8,210 |   8,362 |   8,476 |        | +^ current submission   |   8,762 |  8,716 |   8,941 |    8,262 |   8,275 |  8,379 |   8,058 |   7,250 |  7,300 |  7,598 |   7,749 |   7,564 |   7,658 |   7,996 |   3,607 | 
-^ Submission 2021   |   9,380 |   8,303 |   9,811 |   9,187 |   8,589 |   7,869 |   8,171 |   7,633 |   7,297 |   7,358 |   7,844 |   8,210 |   8,362 |   8,417 |        | +^ previous submission  |   9,380 |  8,303 |   9,811 |    9,187 |   8,589 |  7,869 |   8,171 |   7,633 |  7,297 |  7,358 |   7,844 |   8,210 |   8,362 |   8,476 |   3,867 | 
-^ absolute change   |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    0.00 |    58.4 |        | +^ absolute change      |    -617 |    412 |    -870 |     -926 |    -315 |    510 |    -113 |    -383 |   2.78 |    240 |     -95 |    -646 |    -704 |    -480 |    -260 | 
-^ relative change   |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.00% |   0.69% |        | +^ relative change      |  -6.58% |  4.97% |  -8.87% |  -10.07% |  -3.66% |  6.47% |  -1.39% |  -5.02% |  0.04% |  3.26% |  -1.21% |  -7.87% |  -8.42% |  -5.66% |  -6.73% | 
-| **AVGAS**         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |        | +| **AVGAS**                                                                                                                                                |||||||||||||||| 
-^ Submission 2022   |     245 |     119 |     113 |    71.7 |    56.9 |    65.1 |    58.3 |    52.1 |    49.8 |    58.0 |    47.0 |    44.2 |    44.7 |    37.4 |        | +^ current submission   |     245 |    119 |     113 |     71.7 |    56.9 |   65.2 |    58.3 |    52.2 |   49.9 |   58.0 |    47.1 |    44.2 |    44.7 |    37.4 |    24.8 | 
-^ Submission 2021   |     368 |     346 |     311 |     293 |     236 |     248 |     237 |     234 |     237 |     246 |     234 |     232 |     248 |     229 |        | +^ previous submission  |     245 |    119 |     113 |     71.7 |    56.9 |   65.1 |    58.3 |    52.1 |   49.8 |   58.0 |    47.0 |    44.2 |    44.7 |    37.4 |    24.8 | 
-^ absolute change   |    -123 |    -227 |    -198 |    -222 |    -179 |    -183 |    -179 |    -182 |    -188 |    -188 |    -187 |    -188 |    -203 |    -192 |        | +^ absolute change      |    0.00 |   0.00 |    0.00 |     0.00 |    0.01 |   0.08 |    0.04 |    0.06 |   0.10 |   0.02 |    0.01 |    0.01 |    0.00 |    0.01 |    0.01 | 
-^ relative change   |  -33.3% |  -65.7% |  -63.7% |  -75.6% |  -75.8% |  -73.8% |  -75.4% |  -77.7% |  -79.0% |  -76.5% |  -79.9% |  -81.0% |  -81.9% |  -83.7% |        |+^ relative change      |   0.00% |  0.00% |   0.00% |    0.00% |   0.03% |  0.13% |   0.07% |   0.11% |  0.20% |  0.04% |   0.02% |   0.02% |   0.01% |   0.02% |   0.03% |
  
 In parallel, the majority of **country-specific emission factors**  has been revised within TREMOD AV based on information available from the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)] and Eurocontrol's AEM model [(EUROCONTROL2020)] but cannot be displayed here in a proper way. In parallel, the majority of **country-specific emission factors**  has been revised within TREMOD AV based on information available from the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)] and Eurocontrol's AEM model [(EUROCONTROL2020)] but cannot be displayed here in a proper way.
  
 <WRAP center round info 65%> <WRAP center round info 65%>
-For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2020**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
 ===== Uncertainties ===== ===== Uncertainties =====
  
-For uncertainties information, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:start|main chapter]] on civil aviation. +For uncertainties information, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:start|main chapter]] on civil aviation.<WRAP center round info 65%> 
 +For information on uncertainties, please see the [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:start|main chapter]] on civil aviation. 
 +</WRAP>
 ===== Planned improvements ===== ===== Planned improvements =====
  
 For information on planned improvements, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:start|main chapter]] on civil aviation. For information on planned improvements, please see [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:start|main chapter]] on civil aviation.
- 
- 
  
 [(KNOERR2012> Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010): Entwicklung eines eigenständigen Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV) : Endbericht. Endbericht zum F+E-Vorhaben 360 16 029, URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/entwicklung-eines-modells-zur-berechnung; Berlin & Heidelberg, 2012.)] [(KNOERR2012> Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010): Entwicklung eines eigenständigen Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV) : Endbericht. Endbericht zum F+E-Vorhaben 360 16 029, URL: https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/entwicklung-eines-modells-zur-berechnung; Berlin & Heidelberg, 2012.)]
-[(KNOERR2022c> Knörr et al. (2021c): Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S.: TREMOD Aviation (TREMOD AV) - Revision des Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV). Heidelberg, Berlin: Ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH & Öko-Institut e.V., Berlin & Heidelberg, 2022.)]+[(KNOERR2022c> Knörr et al. (2022c): Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S.: TREMOD Aviation (TREMOD AV) - Revision des Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV). Heidelberg, Berlin: Ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH & Öko-Institut e.V., Berlin & Heidelberg, 2022.)]
 [(GORES2022> Gores (2022): Inventartool zum deutschen Flugverkehrsinventar 1990-2020, im Rahmen der Aktualisierung des Moduls TREMOD-AV im Transportemissionsmodell TREMOD, Berlin, 2022.)] [(GORES2022> Gores (2022): Inventartool zum deutschen Flugverkehrsinventar 1990-2020, im Rahmen der Aktualisierung des Moduls TREMOD-AV im Transportemissionsmodell TREMOD, Berlin, 2022.)]
 [(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/1-energy/1-a-combustion/1-a-3-a-aviation/view; Copenhagen, 2019.)] [(EMEPEEA2019> EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/1-energy/1-a-combustion/1-a-3-a-aviation/view; Copenhagen, 2019.)]
 [(EUROCONTROL2021> Eurocontrol (2021): Advanced emission model (AEM); https://www.eurocontrol.int/model/advanced-emission-model; 2021.)] [(EUROCONTROL2021> Eurocontrol (2021): Advanced emission model (AEM); https://www.eurocontrol.int/model/advanced-emission-model; 2021.)]