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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:start [2023/06/07 13:22] – [Heavy metals and POPs] kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:navigation:start [2024/11/06 14:50] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ===== Impact of fuel-sulphur regulation on sulphur dioxide ===== ===== Impact of fuel-sulphur regulation on sulphur dioxide =====
  
-__Table: Development of fuel-sulfur limits for maritime fuels in SECAs, in [% m/m]__+__Table 4: Development of fuel-sulfur limits for maritime fuels in SECAs, in [% m/m]__
 | mid-2006 to mid-2010     |  1.50  |                     | | mid-2006 to mid-2010     |  1.50  |                     |
 | mid-2010 to 2015         |  1.00  |  LSFO<sup>2</sup>   | | mid-2010 to 2015         |  1.00  |  LSFO<sup>2</sup>   |
 | as of 2015               |  0.10  |  ULSFO<sup>3</sup>  | | as of 2015               |  0.10  |  ULSFO<sup>3</sup>  |
-<sup>1</sup>: SECA = Sulphur Emission Control Area (Wikipedia, 2023) [(Wikipedia2023)]  +<sup>1</sup>: SECA = Sulphur Emission Control Area [(Wikipedia2023)], [(IMO2014)]  
-<sup>2</sup>: Low-sulphur Fuel Oil  +<sup>2</sup>: Low sulphur Fuel Oil  
-<sup>3</sup>: Ultra-low-sulphur Fuel Oil +<sup>3</sup>: Ultra low sulphur Fuel Oil
- +
-The fuel-sulfur limits listed in table above and the global average of 2.70 % m/m (until 2006) are applied for derivating the emission factors espacially for heavy fuel oil used in the German inventory. +
- +
-__Table: Development of global fuel-sulfur limits for maritime fuels, in [% m/m]__ +
-| until 2012          | 4.50   | +
-| 2012 to 2020        | 3.50   | +
-| as of 2020[note 1]  | 0.50   |+
  
 +These fuel-sulfur limits listed are used for the derivation of emission factors especially for heavy fuel oil used in the German inventory.
 +Here, until 2006, a global average of 2.70 % m/m is applied.
  
 +__Table 5: Development of global fuel-sulfur limits for maritime fuels, in [% m/m]__
 +| until 2012    |  4.50  |
 +| 2012 to 2020  |  3.50  |
 +| as of 2020    |  0.50  |
  
 ===== Heavy metals and POPs ===== ===== Heavy metals and POPs =====
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 [(RENTZ2008>Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )] [(RENTZ2008>Rentz et al., 2008: Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer )]
 [(Wikipedia2023> Wikipedia, 2023: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_control_area )] [(Wikipedia2023> Wikipedia, 2023: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emission_control_area )]
 +[(IMO2014> IMO, 2014: https://arquivo.pt/wayback/20141223211746/http:/www.imo.org/OurWork/Environment/PollutionPrevention/AirPollution/Pages/Sulphur-oxides-(SOx)-%e2%80%93-Regulation-14.aspx )]