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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:railways:start [2023/02/27 08:29] – kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:railways:start [2024/11/06 14:50] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| 1.A.3.c | | 1.A.3.c | ||
^ ^ NO< | ^ ^ NO< | ||
- | | Key Category: | + | | Key Category: |
{{page> | {{page> | ||
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=== Activity Data === | === Activity Data === | ||
- | Basically, total inland deliveries of //diesel oil// are available from the National Energy Balances (NEBs) (AGEB, | + | Basically, total inland deliveries of //diesel oil// are available from the National Energy Balances (NEBs) (AGEB, |
Data on the consumption of biodiesel in railways is provided in the NEBs as well, from 2004 onward. But as the NEBs do not provide a solid time series regarding most recent years, the data used for the inventory is estimated based on the prescribed shares of biodiesel to be added to diesel oil. | Data on the consumption of biodiesel in railways is provided in the NEBs as well, from 2004 onward. But as the NEBs do not provide a solid time series regarding most recent years, the data used for the inventory is estimated based on the prescribed shares of biodiesel to be added to diesel oil. | ||
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__Table 3: Annual transport performance, | __Table 3: Annual transport performance, | ||
- | | ^ 1990 ^ 1995 ^ 2000 ^ 2005 ^ 2010 ^ 2011 ^ 2012 ^ 2013 ^ 2014 ^ 2015 ^ 2016 ^ 2017 ^ 2018 ^ 2019 ^ 2020 ^ 2021 ^ | + | | |
- | | **Diesel | + | | **Diesel** |
- | | **Electric | + | | **Electric** |
- | ^ Ʃ 1.A.3.c | + | ^ Ʃ 1.A.3.c |
{{ : | {{ : | ||
{{ : | {{ : | ||
- | Regarding particulate-matter and heavy-metal emissions from **abrasion and wear of contact line, braking systems, tyres on rails**, annual transport performances of railway vehicles with electrical and Diesel traction derived from Knörr et al. (2021a) [(KNOERR2021a)] are applied as activity data. | + | Regarding particulate-matter and heavy-metal emissions from **abrasion and wear of contact line, braking systems, tyres on rails**, annual transport performances of railway vehicles with electrical and Diesel traction derived from Knörr et al. (2022a) [(KNOERR2022a)] are applied as activity data. |
==== Emission factors ==== | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
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__Table 6: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__ | __Table 6: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__ | ||
- | | for: ^ NO< | + | | for: ^ TSP ^ PM< |
- | | | + | | by: | Level | L/- | L/- | |
Basically, for all unregulated pollutants, emission trends directly follow the trend in over-all fuel consumption. | Basically, for all unregulated pollutants, emission trends directly follow the trend in over-all fuel consumption. | ||
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Given the revised NEB 2020, both the **activity data** for diesel oil and the annual amounts of blended biodiesel were revised accordingly. | Given the revised NEB 2020, both the **activity data** for diesel oil and the annual amounts of blended biodiesel were revised accordingly. | ||
+ | __Table 5: Revised fuel consumption data 2020, in terajoule__ | ||
+ | | ^ DIESEL OIL ^ BIODIESEL | ||
+ | ^ current submission | ||
+ | ^ previous submission | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
- | __Table 5: Revised fuel consumption, | + | Due to the routine revision of the TREMOD model [(KNOERR2022a)], tier2 **emission factors** changed for recent years. |
- | | ^ 1990 | + | |
- | | **DIESEL OIL** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2022 | 38,458 | 31,054 | 25,410 | 18,142 | 17,101 | 16,730 | 16,389 | 14,336 | 14,626 | 14,730 | 13,514 | 13,771 | 12,283 | 13,321 | 13,775 | 11,344 | 9,425 | 10,747 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 38,458 | 31,054 | 25,410 | 18,142 | 17,101 | 16,730 | 16,389 | 14,336 | 14,626 | 14,730 | 13,514 | 13,771 | 12,283 | 13,321 | 13,775 | 11,344 | 9,425 | 9,531 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **BIODIESEL** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2022 | NO | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | NO | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **SOLID FUELS** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2022 | 2,776 | 1,627 | 655 | 283 | 289 | 278 | 323 | 342 | 332 | 368 | 379 | 372 | 360 | 352 | 363 | 368 | 367 | 363 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 576 | 336 | 682 | 256 | 263 | 256 | 301 | 322 | 315 | 346 | 357 | 353 | 342 | 340 | 341 | 341 | 341 | 341 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | | **over-all fuel consumption** | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2022 | 41,234 | 32,681 | 26,065 | 18,826 | 17,893 | 17,762 | 17,529 | 15,675 | 15,915 | 16,073 | 14,783 | 14,947 | 13,395 | 14,400 | 14,867 | 12,318 | 10,340 | 11,722 | | + | |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | 39,034 | 31,390 | 26,092 | 18,799 | 17,867 | 17,740 | 17,507 | 15,655 | 15,898 | 16,050 | 14,761 | 14,928 | 13,376 | 14,388 | 14,845 | 12,290 | 10,314 | 10,414 | | + | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | |
- | ^ relative change | + | |
- | + | ||
- | Due to the routine revision of the TREMOD model [(KNOERR2021a)], tier2 **emission factors** changed for recent years. | + | |
- | Here, the revision results mainly from the consideration of revised NCvs for diesel oil as provided by the AGEB. | + | |
__Table 6: Revised country-specific emission factors for diesel fuels, in kg/TJ__ | __Table 6: Revised country-specific emission factors for diesel fuels, in kg/TJ__ | ||
- | | | + | | |
- | | **Non-methane volatile organic compounds - NMVOC** | + | | **Non-methane volatile organic compounds - NMVOC** |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 109 | 100 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2019 | 109 | 100 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **Nitrogen oxides - NO< | + | | **Nitrogen oxides - NO< |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 1.170 | 1.207 | 1.225 | 1.111 | 1.058 | 1.028 | 1.010 | 991 | 970 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2019 | 1.170 | 1.207 | 1.225 | 1.111 | 1.058 | 1.028 | 1.010 | 991 | 970 | 990 | 919 | 899 | 886 | 826 | 801 | 775 | 747 | 724 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **Black carbon - BC** ||||||||||||||||||| | + | | **Black carbon - BC** |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 28.8 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2019 | 28.8 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **Particulate matter - PM** (PM< | + | | **Particulate matter - PM** (PM< |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 44.4 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2019 | 44.4 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | | **Carbon monoxide - CO** ||||||||||||||||||| | + | | **Carbon monoxide - CO** |||||||||||||||| |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | 287 | 292 | 255 | 162 | | + | ^ current submission |
- | ^ Submission 2019 | 287 | 292 | 255 | 162 | | + | ^ previous submission |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Furthermore, | ||
- | Furthermore, the use of wood in historic steam locomotives has been taken into account and resulting **emissions of HCB and PCBs are reported for the first time**. | + | __Table 7: Revised transport performance data, in [Mio km]__ |
+ | | ^ 2015 | ||
+ | ^ current submission | ||
+ | ^ previous submission | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | Abrasive particulate matter and heavy metal emissions were revised accordingly. | ||
<WRAP center round info 65%> | <WRAP center round info 65%> | ||
- | For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general: | + | For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2020**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general: |
</ | </ | ||
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The EF provided in the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)] represent summatory values for (i) the fuel's and (ii) the lubricant' | The EF provided in the 2019 EMEP/EEA Guidebook [(EMEPEEA2019)] represent summatory values for (i) the fuel's and (ii) the lubricant' | ||
- | [(AGEB2021> AGEB (2021): Working Group on Energy Balances (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Energiebilanzen (Hrsg.), AGEB): Energiebilanz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland; | + | [(KNOERR2022a> Knörr et al. (2021a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: |
+ | [(AGEB2022> | ||
+ | [(BAFA2022> | ||
+ | https:// | ||
[(MWV2021> | [(MWV2021> | ||
[(HEDEL2012> | [(HEDEL2012> | ||
[(ILLICHMANN2016> | [(ILLICHMANN2016> | ||
[(HASENBALG2021> | [(HASENBALG2021> | ||
- | [(KNOERR2021a> | ||
[(EMEPEEA2019> | [(EMEPEEA2019> | ||
[(RENTZ2008> | [(RENTZ2008> | ||
[(KNOERR2009> | [(KNOERR2009> | ||