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appendices:appendix5_additional_information [2025/04/08 14:24] – [5.4 Results and Discussion] mielkeappendices:appendix5_additional_information [2025/04/08 14:48] (current) – [5.4.3 The Pollution Release and Transfer Register] mielke
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 ====5.2.1 The EDGAR AP Inventory==== ====5.2.1 The EDGAR AP Inventory====
  
-EDGAR Inventory Data and its database (Crippa et al., 2023)[(CrippaMetal2023)] are available from the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission. We used the version 5.0 air-pollution database, which offers annual totals of major air pollutants, as well as gridded emissions, for air pollution modelling. National totals of air-pollutants (AP) were extracted from the EDGAR spreadsheets for verification. The air-pollutants offered in the database are NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, BC, NMVOC and NH<sub>3</sub>. The current EDGAR timeseries (Crippa et al., 2023)[(CrippaMetal2023)] covers the time period from 1970 until 2015. The EDGAR AP inventory is frequently update on a longer product cycle.+EDGAR Inventory Data and its database (Crippa et al., 2023)[(CrippaMetal2023)] are available from the Joint Research Center (JRC) of the European Commission. We used the version 8.1 air-pollution database, which offers annual totals of major air pollutants, as well as gridded emissions, for air pollution modelling. National totals of air-pollutants (AP) were extracted from the EDGAR spreadsheets for verification. The air-pollutants offered in the database are NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub>, CO, NMVOC and NH<sub>3</sub>. The current EDGAR timeseries (Crippa et al., 2023)[(CrippaMetal2023)] covers the time period from 1970 until 2023. The EDGAR AP inventory is frequently update on a longer product cycle.
  
  
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 The CAMS global reanalysis data products are available from the ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis (EAC4) process. They are available as either daily or monthly (ECMWF, 2024)[(ECMWF2024)] data products in either single, or multi-level variants. More detail on the data products and their generation can be found in (Inness et al., 2019)[(InnessAetal2019)].  The CAMS global reanalysis data products are available from the ECMWF Atmospheric Composition Reanalysis (EAC4) process. They are available as either daily or monthly (ECMWF, 2024)[(ECMWF2024)] data products in either single, or multi-level variants. More detail on the data products and their generation can be found in (Inness et al., 2019)[(InnessAetal2019)]. 
  
-For the verification work presented here the 0.75°x0.75° monthly averaged fields data product was used, which is available for the time-period from 2003 till 06/2021. Therefore, we used the time-period from 2003 until 2020 for comparison to the German inventory data. The update frequency of this monthly dataset is every six months, carried out by the ECMWF. The CAMS monthly dataset offers total column values for the following major air-pollutants (NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and several species of NMVOC such as HCHO), which were used in the following for a comparison to the national total values for Germany. An example of the monthly data aggregated to the respective year can be seen in {{:appendices:figure_51.jpg?linkonly| figure 1}}.+For the verification work presented here the 0.75°x0.75° monthly averaged fields data product was used, which is available for the time-period from 2003 till 2022. Therefore, we used the time-period from 2005 until 2022 for comparison to the German inventory data. The update frequency of this monthly dataset is every six months, carried out by the ECMWF. The CAMS monthly dataset offers total column values for the following major air-pollutants (NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>10</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub>, SO<sub>2</sub> and several species of NMVOC such as HCHO), which were used in the following for a comparison to the national total values for Germany. An example of the monthly data aggregated to the respective year can be seen in {{:appendices:figure_51.jpg?linkonly| figure 1}}.
  
 ====5.2.3 The Pollution Release and Transfer Register==== ====5.2.3 The Pollution Release and Transfer Register====
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 ==== 5.4.1 The EDGAR Inventory ==== ==== 5.4.1 The EDGAR Inventory ====
  
-The EDGAR inventory usually is in good agreement with the national inventory data as shown in figure {{:appendices:edgar_figure53.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}. Close, almost perfect matches of the EDGAR national totals with the reported inventory data can be found in case of SO<sub>2</sub>, NMVOC, NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>. Slight deviations with a convergence around 2015 exist for CO and black carbon. Ammonia data from EDGAR are considerably higher than the reported national totals (~200 kt difference). This needs to be further investigated in future disaggregated, detailed analysis, which is not offered in this report, yet. The scatterplot shows similar exceptional correlations between the EDGAR data and the reported national totals of Germany as shown in the lowermost figure of  +The EDGAR inventory usually is in good agreement with the national inventory data as shown in figure {{:appendices:iir_figure3.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}. Close, almost perfect matches of the EDGAR national totals with the reported inventory data can be found in case of SO<sub>2</sub>, NMVOC, NO<sub>2</sub>, PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub>. Slight deviations with a convergence around 2015 exist for CO. Ammonia data from EDGAR are considerably higher than the reported national totals (~200 kt difference). This needs to be further investigated in future disaggregated, detailed analysis, which is not offered in this report, yet. The scatterplot shows similar exceptional correlations between the EDGAR data and the reported national totals of Germany as shown in the lowermost figure of  
-{{:appendices:edgar_figure53.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}. The correlation values for the individual time series of the EDGAR data towards the inventory data can be found in {{:appendices:correlations_figure58.jpg?linkonly| figure 8}}. Here correlation values are relatively high above 0.8-0.9 with the already discussed exception of the ammonia data, as shown in {{:appendices:edgar_figure53.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}.+{{:appendices:iir_figure3.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}. The correlation values for the individual time series of the EDGAR data towards the inventory data can be found in {{:appendices:corcoeff.png?linkonly| figure 8}}. Here correlation values are relatively high above 0.8-0.9 with the already discussed exception of the ammonia data, as shown in {{:appendices:iir_figure3.jpg?linkonly| figure 3}}.
  
 ==== 5.4.2 The CAMS EAC4 Data ==== ==== 5.4.2 The CAMS EAC4 Data ====
  
-The CAMS EAC4 data shows very high correlation values to the reported national totals as shown in {{:appendices:corrcoeff..png?linkonly| figure 8}}., all correlation values are above 0.9 with the exception of formaldehyde (HCHO). The low values here for formaldehyde are compared to the much higher national total values for NMVOC. This shows that formaldehyde on its own is not a sufficient proxy for NMVOC in case of Germany. +The CAMS EAC4 data shows very high correlation values to the reported national totals as shown in {{:appendices:corcoeff.png?linkonly| figure 8}}., all correlation values are above 0.9 with the exception of formaldehyde (HCHO). The low values here for formaldehyde are compared to the much higher national total values for NMVOC. This shows that formaldehyde is anticorelated with NMVOC in case of Germany.
- +
-PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> values of the EAC4 data show a good agreement to the national totals of Germany as shown in figure {{:appendices:iir_figure_eac4.jpg?linkonly| figure 4}}. The higher values of the CAMS NO<sub>2</sub>  data and the reported NO<sub>2</sub> data in the inventory are due to the fact that the here shown CAMS NO<sub>2</sub> (ECMWF, 2024)[(ECMWF2024)] data has been compiled as the sum of the total columns of the CAMS EAC4 NO, NO<sub>2</sub> and HNO<sub>3</sub> data product. The NO2 data alone or even the sum of all NO<sub>x</sub> total column products would yield significantly lower values as reported in the national totals of Germany. Only the sum of all NO<sub>x</sub> related chemical species yields a value, which is close to the reported national totals of the inventory.+
  
 +PM<sub>2.5</sub> and PM<sub>10</sub> values of the EAC4 data show a good agreement to the trend of the national totals of Germany as shown in figure {{:appendices:iir_figure_eac4.jpg?linkonly| figure 4}}, however, both species show an offset. 
  
  
 ==== 5.4.3 The Pollution Release and Transfer Register ==== ==== 5.4.3 The Pollution Release and Transfer Register ====
  
-Data for PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>10</sub> are well correlated with the reported emissions with correlation values above 0.9 as shown in {{:appendices:correlations_figure58.jpg?linkonly| figure 8}}. This is also shown in the scatterplots and trend diagrams of {{:appendices:prtr_ap_plots_figure55.jpg?linkonly| figure 5}}. NMVOC and CO show moderate correlation values above 0.7, whilst ammonia data shows almost no correlation. For the heavy metals As and Hg correlation values above 0.8 are shown in {{:appendices:correlations_figure58.jpg?linkonly| figure 8}}, whilst only moderate correlation values exist for Pb and Ni (around 0.5), whilst Cu, Cr, Zn and Ni show almost no correlation, which is also visible in the scatter plot of {{:appendices:prtr_hm_plots_figure56.jpg?linkonly| figure 6}}. +Data for PM<sub>10</sub>, NO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub> are well correlated with the reported emissions with correlation values above 0.9 as shown in {{:appendices:correlations_figure58.jpg?linkonly| figure 8}}. This is also shown in the scatterplots and trend diagrams of {{:appendices:prtr_ap_plots_figure55.jpg?linkonly| figure 5}}. NMVOC and CO show moderate correlation values above 0.5. For the heavy metals As and Hg correlation values above 0.8 are shown in {{:appendices:corcoeff.png?linkonly| figure 8}}, whilst only moderate correlation values exist for Pb and Ni (around 0.5), whilst Cu, Cr, Zn show almost no correlation, which is also visible in the scatter plot of {{:appendices:prtr_hm_plots_figure56.jpg?linkonly| figure 6}}.