2.C.7.a - Copper Production

Short description

Within this NFR subcategory, SO2, PM2.5, PM10, TSP, PCDD/F, HCB, As, Cd, Cu, Hg, and Pb emissions from the production of copper are reported.

Category Code Method AD EF
2.C.7.a T2 AS D, CS

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Method(s) applied
D Default
T1 Tier 1 / Simple Methodology *
T2 Tier 2*
T3 Tier 3 / Detailed Methodology *
C CORINAIR
CS Country Specific
M Model
* as described in the EMEP/EEA Emission Inventory Guidebook - 2019, in category chapters.
(source for) Activity Data
NS National Statistics
RS Regional Statistics
IS International Statistics
PS Plant Specific
As Associations, business organisations
Q specific Questionnaires (or surveys)
M Model / Modelled
C Confidential
(source for) Emission Factors
D Default (EMEP Guidebook)
CS Country Specific
PS Plant Specific
M Model / Modelled
C Confidential

NOx NMVOC SO2 NH3 PM2.5 PM10 TSP BC CO Pb Cd Hg As Cr Cu Ni Se Zn PCDD/F PAHs HCB
NA NA -/- NA -/- -/- -/- NE NA -/- L/T -/- L/- NA -/- NE NE -/- -/- NA L/-

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L/- key source by Level only
-/T key source by Trend only
L/T key source by both Level and Trend
-/- no key source for this pollutant
IE emission of specific pollutant Included Elsewhere (i.e. in another category)
NE emission of specific pollutant Not Estimated (yet)
NA specific pollutant not emitted from this source or activity = Not Applicable
* no analysis done

Method

Activity data

The yearly production figures were taken from the annual statistical report of the German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle) 1) until 2020. Since 2021 the production figures for primary copper have been directly taken from the producer whereas for secondary copper no updating was possible. In 2023 the primary and secondary copper production amounted to 559.7 kt.

Emission factors

The emission factors are either default values according to the EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023 2) or determined in research projects 3), 4) , 5) or from companies environmental reports 6). Nickel emissions in secondary copper production are not reported.

Table 1: Tier 1 emission factors applied for entire time series (primary and secondary copper production)

EF Unit Source
HCB 1 mg/t German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle) 7)
PCDD/F 2.9 µg/t Rentz et al. 2008 8)

Table 2: Emission factors applied for primary copper production

EF Unit Source
TSP 0.09 kg/t Aurubis, 2023 9)
PM10 0.0765 kg/t calculated from Aurubis, 2023
PM2.5 0.063 kg/t calculated from Aurubis, 2023
SO2 3.6 kg/t Aurubis, 2023
As 0.8 g/t Aurubis, 2023
Cd 15 g/t EMEP/EEA GB 2023 10)
Cu 13.8 g/t Aurubis, 2023
Hg 0.031 g/t EMEP/EEA GB 2023
Pb 3.1 g/t Aurubis, 2023

Table 3: Emission factors applied for secondary copper production

EF Unit Source
TSP 0.100 kg/t PAREST 2013 11)
PM10 0.085 kg/t PAREST 2013
PM2.5 0.07 kg/t PAREST 2013
SO2 3.0 kg/t EMEP/EEA GB 2023
As 2 g/t EMEP/EEA GB 2023
Cd 486.428 mg/t NE-G-K 2010 12)
Cu 46,088.62 mg/t NE-G-K 2010
Hg 2.644 mg/t NE-G-K 2010
Pb 21,977.15 mg/t NE-G-K 2010

Uncertainties

The uncertainties for the production amounts are 7% and for the emission factors not more than 50% for primary and 200% for secondary copper production.

Recalculations

With activity data and emission factors remaining unrevised, no recalculations were carried out compared to the prvious submission.

Planned improvements

No category specific improvements are planned.


1), 7) WVMetalle, 2021: German association for non-ferrous metals (WirtschaftsVereinigung Metalle): Annual statistical report: https:https://www.wvmetalle.de
2), 10) EMEP/EEA, 2023: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, Chapter: 2.C.7.a Copper production 2023; Copenhagen, 2023. https://www.eea.europa.eu
3), 8) Rentz et al. (2008): Nationaler Durchführungsplan unter dem Stockholmer Abkommen zu persistenten organischen Schadstoffen (POPs), im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, FKZ 205 67 444, UBA Texte | 01/2008, January 2008 - URL: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/en/publikationen/nationaler-durchfuehrungsplan-unter-stockholmer; Dessau, 2008
4), 12) Ökopol, IER Universität Stuttgart, IZT Berlin, Institut für Gießereitechnik (IfG) 2010: Bereitstellung einer qualitätsgesicherten Datengrundlage für die Emissionsberichterstattung zur Umsetzung von internationalen Luftreinhalte- und Klimaschutzvereinbarung für ausgewählte Industriebranchen TV02: NE-Metallindustrie, Gießereien, Kalkindustrie, FKZ 3707 42 301/02, Aufttraggeber: Umweltbundesamt, 2010
5), 11) PAREST 2013: Theloke, J., Kugler, U., Kampffmeyer, T., Uzbasich, M., Kuhn, A., Dämmgen, U.: Beschreibung der Minderungsmaßnahmen im Projekt PAREST Maßnahmenblätter; Teilbericht zum F&E-Vorhaben „Strategien zur Verminderung der Feinsatubbelastung - PAREST - UBA Texte 48/2013, https://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/beschreibung-minderungsmassnahmen-im-projekt-parest, Umweltbundesamt, Desssau, 2013
6), 9) Aurubis, 20243: Aurubis, Umwelterklärungen 2023, Aurubis AG, https://www.aurubis.com/