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general:projections:wm-scenario [2025/04/30 09:06] – kotzullageneral:projections:wm-scenario [2025/04/30 09:14] (current) – kotzulla
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 The concrete procedure is illustrated using the example of NO<sub>X</sub> emissions from the use of raw lignite as fuel for heat generation in public district heating plants.  The concrete procedure is illustrated using the example of NO<sub>X</sub> emissions from the use of raw lignite as fuel for heat generation in public district heating plants. 
  
-The specific BAT-associated emission levels for lignite can be found in Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 BAT 20. With a reference oxygen of 6 %, the plants are differentiated according to size and specified with the emission levels in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>. The upper end of the emission levels is interpreted as a maximum limit value and converted into kg/TJ using the specific conversion factor of 2.40 (see Table 4). The calculated maximum limit value is therefore averaged for each plant size, taking into account the number of plants, and thus, the estimated value for the necessary NO<sub>X</sub> emission factor for compliance with the maximum limit value is calculated in accordance with the BAT conclusions. The necessary data can be found in Table 6. This shows the plants subdivision according to their RTI with the assigned maximum limit values as annual averages in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and kg/TJ. +The specific BAT-associated emission levels for lignite can be found in Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2017/1442 BAT 20. With a reference oxygen of 6%, the plants are differentiated according to size and specified with the emission levels in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup>. The upper end of the emission levels is interpreted as a maximum limit value and converted into kg/TJ using the specific conversion factor of 2.40 (see Table 4). The calculated maximum limit value is therefore averaged for each plant size, taking into account the number of plants, and thus, the estimated value for the necessary NO<sub>X</sub> emission factor for compliance with the maximum limit value is calculated in accordance with the BAT conclusions. The necessary data can be found in Table 6. This shows the plants subdivision according to their RTI with the assigned maximum limit values as annual averages in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and kg/TJ. 
  
 __Table 6: Emission limit values (annual averages) when using raw lignite in existing plants__  __Table 6: Emission limit values (annual averages) when using raw lignite in existing plants__ 
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 |<sub>The LCP emission limit values for the use of raw lignite are regulated in (EU) 2017/1442 BAT 20. There are separate limit values for each RTI of the plant. The upper range is shown here as a limit value for existing plants as annual averages in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and kg/TJ.</sub>||||  |<sub>The LCP emission limit values for the use of raw lignite are regulated in (EU) 2017/1442 BAT 20. There are separate limit values for each RTI of the plant. The upper range is shown here as a limit value for existing plants as annual averages in mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and kg/TJ.</sub>|||| 
  
-The implied emission factor is calculated in (1).+The implied emission factor is calculated as follows: 
 + 
 +<m> EF_{lignite} = 112.70kg/TJ • 4.5% + 75.13kg/TJ • 14.5% + 73.04kg/TJ • 81% = 75.13 kg/TJ </m>
  
-    (1) EF (lignite) = 112.70 kg/TJ * 4.5 % + 75.13 kg/TJ * 14.5 % + 73.04 kg/TJ * 81 % = 75.13 kg/TJ 
  
 The comparison with the current submission 2024 shows that the calculated emission factor (75.13 kg/TJ) is lower than that of the reference value from 2022 (76.8 kg/TJ). Thus from 2025 onwards the emission factor will be replaced by the new value and used for the projection.  The comparison with the current submission 2024 shows that the calculated emission factor (75.13 kg/TJ) is lower than that of the reference value from 2022 (76.8 kg/TJ). Thus from 2025 onwards the emission factor will be replaced by the new value and used for the projection. 
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 13<sup>th</sup> BImSchV in the version of 2021 sets limit values for NO<sub>x</sub> as 270 ng/Nm<sup>3</sup> in plants <100 MW with more than 1500 operating hours per year and 400 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> in plants <100 MW with less than 1,500 operating hours per year. For existing plants >100 MW 270 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and for new plants >100 MW 110 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> are set. The values are converted into kg/TJ according to the specific flue gas volume of heavy fuel oil (Table 4).  13<sup>th</sup> BImSchV in the version of 2021 sets limit values for NO<sub>x</sub> as 270 ng/Nm<sup>3</sup> in plants <100 MW with more than 1500 operating hours per year and 400 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> in plants <100 MW with less than 1,500 operating hours per year. For existing plants >100 MW 270 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> and for new plants >100 MW 110 mg/Nm<sup>3</sup> are set. The values are converted into kg/TJ according to the specific flue gas volume of heavy fuel oil (Table 4). 
  
-Assuming a 50% share of plants within each size class, lacking specific data, from 2030 onwards a projected implied NO<sub>X</sub> emission factor of 58.0 kg/TJ results after conversion as indicated in equation (2). +Assuming a 50% share of plants within each size class, lacking specific data, from 2030 onwards a projected implied NO<sub>X</sub> emission factor of 58.0 kg/TJ results after conversion as indicated in the following equation:
  
-    (2) EF (heavy fuel oil) = (400 mg/Nm³ / 3.39) * 4.5 % * 0.5 + (270 mg/Nm³ / 3.39) * 4.5 % * 0.5 + (270 mg/Nm³ / 3.39) * 95.5 % * 0.5 + (110 mg/Nm³ / 3.39) * 95.5 % * 0.5 = 58.0 kg/TJ.+<m> EF_{heavy fuel oil} = (400mg/Nm³ ÷ 3.39) • 4.5% • 0.5 + (270 mg/Nm³ ÷ 3.39) • 4.5% • 0.5 + (270 mg/Nm³ ÷ 3.39) • 95.5% • 0.5 + (110 mg/Nm³ ÷ 3.39) • 95.5% • 0.5 = 58.0 kg/TJ </m> 
  
 Thus, the maximum emission quantity is applicable law and is below the inventory emission factor for the reference year 2022 under conservative assumptions and therefore assigned to the WM scenario for 2030 and beyond. The emission factor for 2025 was linearly interpolated between 2022 and 2030. Thus, the maximum emission quantity is applicable law and is below the inventory emission factor for the reference year 2022 under conservative assumptions and therefore assigned to the WM scenario for 2030 and beyond. The emission factor for 2025 was linearly interpolated between 2022 and 2030.