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general:trends:emission_trends_sulfur_dioxide [2025/03/19 19:53] – [Main drivers] vosengeneral:trends:emission_trends_sulfur_dioxide [2025/04/11 13:02] (current) – [Obligations] kotzulla
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 ===== Obligations ===== ===== Obligations =====
-Under the terms of the UN ECE Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution Control (CLTRAP, 1979), the Federal Republic of Germany was obliged by the UN ECE Helsinki Protocol to reduce its annual sulphur emissions by at least 30% by 1993, as compared to 1980 levels. In 1993, the SO<sub>2</sub> emissions were 2.9 Mt, compared to approximately 7.5 Mt in 1980. This represents a reduction of 61%. The second UN ECE protocol on the reduction of sulphur emissions obliged Germany to reduce SO<sub>2</sub> emissions to 1,300kt by 2000, and to 990kt by 2005. The targets set for 2000 & 2005 have already been achieved by 1998.+Under the terms of the UN ECE Geneva Convention on Long-range Transboundary Air Pollution Control (CLTRAP, 1979), the Federal Republic of Germany was obliged by the UN ECE Helsinki Protocol to reduce its annual sulphur emissions by at least 30% by 1993, as compared to 1980 levels. In 1993, the SO<sub>2</sub> emissions were 2.9 Mt, compared to approximately 7.5 Mt in 1980. This represents a reduction of 61%. The second UN ECE protocol on the reduction of sulphur emissions obliged Germany to reduce SO<sub>2</sub> emissions to 1,300 kt by 2000, and to 990 kt by 2005. The targets set for 2000 & 2005 have already been achieved by 1998.
  
-More recently, Germany has made a commitment under the multicomponent protocol to further minimise SO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Since 2010, it is no longer permissible to exceed a National Emission Ceiling of 550kt SO<sub>2</sub> for Germany as whole. The revised Gothenburg Protocol and the revised NEC Directive both define emission reduction targets relative to a 2005 base year, mandating 21% (2020) and 58% (2030) reductions respectively.+More recently, Germany has made a commitment under the multicomponent protocol to further minimise SO<sub>2</sub> emissions. Since 2010, it is no longer permissible to exceed a National Emission Ceiling of 550 kt SO<sub>2</sub> for Germany as whole. The revised Gothenburg Protocol and the revised NEC Directive both define emission reduction targets relative to a 2005 base year, mandating 21 % (2020) and 58 % (2030) reductions respectively.
  
 While Germany's compliance with these obligations is not discussed here, further information on this subject can be found in [[general:projections:start|Chapter 9 - Projections]] and [[general:adjustments:start|Chapter 11 - Adjustments and Emission Ceiling Exceedance]]. While Germany's compliance with these obligations is not discussed here, further information on this subject can be found in [[general:projections:start|Chapter 9 - Projections]] and [[general:adjustments:start|Chapter 11 - Adjustments and Emission Ceiling Exceedance]].
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 All of these sub-categories show a reduction >95 per cent between 1990 and 2023, due to stricter regulations of West Germany that applied to the New German Länder after the German Reunification and changed the fuel mix from sulphur-rich solid fuels to liquid and gaseous fuels. All of these sub-categories show a reduction >95 per cent between 1990 and 2023, due to stricter regulations of West Germany that applied to the New German Länder after the German Reunification and changed the fuel mix from sulphur-rich solid fuels to liquid and gaseous fuels.
  
-__Table: SO<sub>2</sub> emissions 1990-2022, in kilotonnes [kt]__+__Table: SO<sub>2</sub> emissions 1990-2023, in kilotonnes [kt]__
  
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