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sector:agriculture:manure_management:start [2025/02/21 12:07] – [Additional data] niebuhrsector:agriculture:manure_management:start [2025/02/25 11:29] (current) – [Table] niebuhr
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 For the year 2015, data on techniques of farm manure spreading from the 2016 official agricultural census (Agrarstrukturerhebung 2016, Statistisches Bundesamt / Federal Statistical Office) are used. The gaps between the latest RAUMIS model data (1999) and the first official data (2009) were closed by linear interpolation on district level. For the year 2019 data from the 2020 official agricultural census (Landwirtschaftszählung 2020, LW20) are used for housing systems, storage systems and manure spreading systems. For 2010 to 2018 the housing and storage systems data was linearly interpolated between the censuses of 2010 and 2020.The data on manure spreading techniques was linearly interpolated between the census data from 2009 and 2015, and for 2016 to 2018 between the censuses conducted in 2016 and 2020. In addition, it was taken into account that, as of 2012, slurry spread on bare soil has to be incorporated within four hours.  For the year 2015, data on techniques of farm manure spreading from the 2016 official agricultural census (Agrarstrukturerhebung 2016, Statistisches Bundesamt / Federal Statistical Office) are used. The gaps between the latest RAUMIS model data (1999) and the first official data (2009) were closed by linear interpolation on district level. For the year 2019 data from the 2020 official agricultural census (Landwirtschaftszählung 2020, LW20) are used for housing systems, storage systems and manure spreading systems. For 2010 to 2018 the housing and storage systems data was linearly interpolated between the censuses of 2010 and 2020.The data on manure spreading techniques was linearly interpolated between the census data from 2009 and 2015, and for 2016 to 2018 between the censuses conducted in 2016 and 2020. In addition, it was taken into account that, as of 2012, slurry spread on bare soil has to be incorporated within four hours. 
  
-The data from the 2020 official agricultural census (Landwirtschaftszählung 2020, LW20) is being used for subsequent years until more current data is available.+The data from the 2020 official agricultural census (DESTATIS, 2020)((Statistisches Bundesamt (2020): LW20, Landwirtschaftszählung 2020. https://www-genesis.destatis.de/datenbank/online/statistic/41141/details))is being used for subsequent years until more current data is available.
  
 For a description of the RAUMIS data, the data from official surveys and additional data from other sources see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 2.5. Time series of frequency distributions of housing systems, storage systems and application techniques as well as the corresponding emission factors are provided in NID 2025, Chapter 17.3.1.  For a description of the RAUMIS data, the data from official surveys and additional data from other sources see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 2.5. Time series of frequency distributions of housing systems, storage systems and application techniques as well as the corresponding emission factors are provided in NID 2025, Chapter 17.3.1. 
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 == N excretion == == N excretion ==
  
-In order to determine NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from manure management of a specific animal category, the individual N excretion rate must be known as well as, for NH<sub>3</sub>, the TAN content of the N excretions. Default excretion rates are provided by IPCC Guidelines and default TAN contents can be found in the EMEP Guidebook, 2019((EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2019, EEA Report No 13/2019, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2019.)). However, the German agricultural emission inventory uses N mass balances to calculate the N excretions and the TAN contents of almost all reported animal categories. N mass balance calculations (see below) consider N intake with feed, N retention due to growth, N contained in milk and eggs, and N in offspring. Table 2 presents national means of N excretions and TAN contents. For methodological details and mass balance input data see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.2 as well as Chapter 4.1.2.+In order to determine NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from manure management of a specific animal category, the individual N excretion rate must be known as well as, for NH<sub>3</sub>, the TAN content of the N excretions. Default excretion rates are provided by IPCC Guidelines and default TAN contents can be found in the EMEP Guidebook, 2023((EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, EEA Report No 06/2023, https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/analysis/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023.)). However, the German agricultural emission inventory uses N mass balances to calculate the N excretions and the TAN contents of almost all reported animal categories. N mass balance calculations (see below) consider N intake with feed, N retention due to growth, N contained in milk and eggs, and N in offspring. Table 2 presents national means of N excretions and TAN contents. For methodological details and mass balance input data see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.2 as well as Chapter 4.1.2.
  
 __Table 2: National means of N excretions and TAN contents__ __Table 2: National means of N excretions and TAN contents__
-^               ^ 1990                                       ^ 1995   ^ 2000   ^ 2005   ^ 2010   ^ 2015   ^ 2016   ^ 2017   ^ 2018   ^ 2019   ^ 2020   ^ 2021   ^ 2022   ^ +^               ^ 1990                                       ^ 1995   ^ 2000   ^ 2005   ^ 2010   ^ 2015   ^ 2016   ^ 2017   ^ 2018   ^ 2019   ^ 2020   ^ 2021   ^ 2022   | **2023**  | 
-|               |  mean N excretions in kg per animal place                                                                                                  ||||||||||||| +|               |  mean N excretions in kg per animal place                                                                                                             |||||||||||||| 
-^ dairy cattle  |                                       92.0 |   97.9 |  103.8 |  108.9 |  110.2 |  112.8 |  114.1 |  113.8 |  116.1 |  119.1 |  121.4 |  122.0 |  121.1 | +^ dairy cattle  |                                       92.0 |   97.9 |  103.8 |  108.9 |  110.2 |  112.8 |  114.1 |  113.8 |  116.1 |  119.1 |  121.4 |  122.0 |  121.2 | 124.6     | 
-^ other cattle  |                                       37.9 |   39.9 |   41.3 |   41.2 |   42.1 |   42.5 |   42.5 |   42.7 |   42.9 |   43.4 |   43.7 |   43.9 |   43.9 | +^ other cattle  |                                       37.9 |   39.9 |   41.3 |   41.2 |   42.1 |   42.5 |   42.5 |   42.7 |   42.9 |   43.4 |   43.7 |   43.9 |   43.9 | 44.2      | 
-^ horses        |                                       48.2 |   48.1 |   49.0 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.9 |   48.9 | +^ horses        |                                       48.2 |   48.1 |   49.0 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 |   48.8 | 48.8      | 
-^ sheep         |                                        7.7 |    7.7 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 | +^ sheep         |                                        7.7 |    7.7 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 |    7.8 | 7.8       | 
-^ goats         |                                       11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 | +^ goats         |                                       11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 |   11.0 | 11.0      | 
-^ swine         |                                       13.0 |   13.4 |   13.2 |   13.0 |   12.8 |   12.7 |   12.7 |   12.6 |   12.6 |   12.5 |   12.4 |   12.6 |   12.5 | +^ swine         |                                       13.0 |   13.4 |   13.2 |   13.0 |   12.8 |   12.7 |   12.7 |   12.6 |   12.6 |   12.5 |   12.4 |   12.6 |   12.5 | 12.6      | 
-^ laying hens   |                                       0.81 |   0.78 |   0.76 |   0.79 |   0.86 |   0.88 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.90 |   0.90 |   0.90 | +^ laying hens   |                                       0.81 |   0.78 |   0.76 |   0.79 |   0.86 |   0.88 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.89 |   0.90 |   0.90 |   0.90 | 0.90      | 
-^ broilers      |                                       0.48 |   0.37 |   0.37 |   0.36 |   0.35 |   0.40 |   0.40 |   0.40 |   0.41 |   0.40 |   0.39 |   0.39 |   0.38 | +^ broilers      |                                       0.48 |   0.37 |   0.37 |   0.36 |   0.35 |   0.40 |   0.40 |   0.40 |   0.41 |   0.40 |   0.39 |   0.39 |   0.40 | 0.41      | 
-^ turkeys       |                                        2.0 |    2.0 |    2.0 |    2.2 |    2.2 |    2.3 |    2.3 |    2.3 |    2.2 |    2.2 |    2.1 |    2.1 |    2.1 | +^ turkeys       |                                        2.0 |    2.0 |    2.0 |    2.2 |    2.2 |    2.3 |    2.3 |    2.3 |    2.2 |    2.2 |    2.1 |    2.1 |    2.1 | 2.1       | 
-^ pullets       |                                       0.32 |   0.29 |   0.27 |   0.27 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.29 |   0.29 | +^ pullets       |                                       0.38 |   0.35 |   0.32 |   0.33 |   0.33 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 |   0.34 | 0.34      | 
-^ ducks         |                                       0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 | +^ ducks         |                                       0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 |   0.61 | 0.61      | 
-^ geese         |                                       0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 | +^ geese         |                                       0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 |   0.70 | 0.70      | 
-^ deer          |                                      16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 | +^ deer          |                                      16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 |  16.00 | 16.00     | 
-^ rabbits       |                                       0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 | +^ rabbits       |                                       0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 |   0.80 | 0.80      | 
-^ ostrich       |                                      15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 | +^ ostrich       |                                      15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 |  15.60 | 15.60     | 
-^ fur animals   |                                       4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 | +^ fur animals   |                                       4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 |   4.59 | 4.59      | 
-|               |  mean TAN contents in %                                                                                                                    ||||||||||||| +|               |  mean TAN contents in %                                                                                                                               |||||||||||||| 
-^ dairy cattle  |                                       58.0 |   55.0 |   53.0 |   51.3 |   49.9 |   48.5 |   48.2 |   48.0 |   47.3 |   46.9 |   46.5 |   46.4 |   46.6 | +^ dairy cattle  |                                       58.0 |   55.0 |   53.0 |   51.3 |   49.9 |   48.5 |   48.2 |   48.0 |   47.3 |   46.9 |   46.5 |   46.5 |   46.6 | 46.0      | 
-^ other cattle  |                                       65.5 |   65.7 |   65.7 |   65.7 |   66.0 |   66.3 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.3 |   66.3 | +^ other cattle  |                                       65.5 |   65.7 |   65.7 |   65.7 |   66.0 |   66.3 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.4 |   66.3 |   66.3 | 66.3      | 
-^ horses        |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 | +^ horses        |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 | 60.0      | 
-^ sheep         |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | +^ sheep         |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | 50.0      | 
-^ goats         |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | +^ goats         |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | 50.0      | 
-^ swine         |                                       72.0 |   71.7 |   71.1 |   71.8 |   72.3 |   71.6 |   71.4 |   71.2 |   71.1 |   71.0 |   70.8 |   70.9 |   70.8 | +^ swine         |                                       72.0 |   71.7 |   71.1 |   71.8 |   72.3 |   71.6 |   71.4 |   71.2 |   71.1 |   71.0 |   70.8 |   70.9 |   70.8 | 70.6      | 
-^ laying hens   |                                       70.2 |   69.6 |   69.0 |   69.3 |   70.0 |   70.2 |   70.1 |   70.1 |   70.2 |   70.2 |   70.1 |   70.1 |   70.2 | +^ laying hens   |                                       70.2 |   69.6 |   69.0 |   69.3 |   70.0 |   70.2 |   70.1 |   70.1 |   70.2 |   70.2 |   70.1 |   70.1 |   70.2 | 70.3      | 
-^ broilers      |                                       60.8 |   58.9 |   56.4 |   53.5 |   50.0 |   46.9 |   46.5 |   46.1 |   45.7 |   45.2 |   44.8 |   44.8 |   44.8 | +^ broilers      |                                       60.8 |   58.9 |   56.4 |   53.5 |   50.0 |   46.9 |   46.5 |   46.1 |   45.7 |   45.2 |   44.8 |   44.8 |   44.8 | 44.8      | 
-^ turkeys       |                                       64.7 |   64.7 |   63.0 |   63.9 |   63.0 |   63.5 |   63.5 |   63.5 |   63.0 |   63.0 |   62.1 |   62.1 |   62.1 | +^ turkeys       |                                       64.7 |   64.7 |   63.0 |   63.9 |   63.0 |   63.5 |   63.5 |   63.5 |   63.0 |   63.0 |   62.1 |   62.1 |   62.1 | 62.1      | 
-^ pullets       |                                       67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 |   67.8 | +^ pullets       |                                       69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 |   69.4 | 69.4      | 
-^ ducks         |                                       49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 | +^ ducks         |                                       49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 |   49.9 | 49.9      | 
-^ geese         |                                       70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 | +^ geese         |                                       70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 | 70.0      | 
-^ deer          |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | +^ deer          |                                       50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 |   50.0 | 50.0      | 
-^ rabbits       |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 | +^ rabbits       |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 | 60.0      | 
-^ ostrich       |                                       70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 | +^ ostrich       |                                       70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 |   70.0 | 70.0      | 
-^ fur animals   |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |+^ fur animals   |                                       60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 |   60.0 | 60.0      |
  
  
Line 148: Line 148:
  
 The calculation of the emissions of NH<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> from German animal husbandry is based on the so-called N mass flow approach (e. g. Dämmgen and Hutchings, 2008 ((Dämmgen U., Hutchings N.J. (2008): Emissions of gaseous nitrogen species from manure management - a new approach. Environmental Pollution 154, 488-497.))). The calculation of the emissions of NH<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> from German animal husbandry is based on the so-called N mass flow approach (e. g. Dämmgen and Hutchings, 2008 ((Dämmgen U., Hutchings N.J. (2008): Emissions of gaseous nitrogen species from manure management - a new approach. Environmental Pollution 154, 488-497.))).
-This approach differentiates between N excreted with faeces (organic nitrogen Norg, i. e. undigested feed N) and urine (total ammoniacal nitrogen TAN, i. e. fraction of feed N metabolized). The N flow within the manure management system is treated as depicted in the figure below. This method reconciles the requirements of both the Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook for NH<sub>3</sub> emissions (EMEP, 2019), and the IPCC guidelines for greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC (2006)((IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2006): IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use.)). Reidy et al. (2008),((Reidy B. et al. (2008): Reidy B., Dämmgen U., Döhler H., Eurich-Menden B., Hutchings N.J., Luesink H.H., Menzi H., Misselbrook T.H., Monteny G.-J., Webb J. (2008): Comparison of models used for the calculation of national NH3 emission inventories from agriculture: liquid manure systems. Atmospheric Environment 42, 3452-3467.)), showed for several European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom) that their N-flow based inventory models yielded, in spite of national peculiarities, comparable results as long as standardised data sets for the input variables were used.+This approach differentiates between N excreted with faeces (organic nitrogen Norg, i. e. undigested feed N) and urine (total ammoniacal nitrogen TAN, i. e. fraction of feed N metabolized). The N flow within the manure management system is treated as depicted in the figure below. This method reconciles the requirements of both the Atmospheric Emission Inventory Guidebook for NH<sub>3</sub> emissions (EMEP, 2023), and the IPCC guidelines for greenhouse gas emissions (IPCC (2006)((IPCC – Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2006): IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Volume 4 Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use.)). Reidy et al. (2008),((Reidy B. et al. (2008): Reidy B., Dämmgen U., Döhler H., Eurich-Menden B., Hutchings N.J., Luesink H.H., Menzi H., Misselbrook T.H., Monteny G.-J., Webb J. (2008): Comparison of models used for the calculation of national NH3 emission inventories from agriculture: liquid manure systems. Atmospheric Environment 42, 3452-3467.)), showed for several European countries (Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, United Kingdom) that their N-flow based inventory models yielded, in spite of national peculiarities, comparable results as long as standardised data sets for the input variables were used.
  
 Not explicitly shown in the N mass flow scheme is air scrubbing in housing and anaerobic digestion of manure. These issues are separately described further below. Note that emissions from grazing and application are reported in sector 3.D. Not explicitly shown in the N mass flow scheme is air scrubbing in housing and anaerobic digestion of manure. These issues are separately described further below. Note that emissions from grazing and application are reported in sector 3.D.
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 The model allows tracing of the pathways of the two N fractions after excretion. The various locations where excretion may take place are considered. The partial mass flows through the livestock systems are represented.  The model allows tracing of the pathways of the two N fractions after excretion. The various locations where excretion may take place are considered. The partial mass flows through the livestock systems are represented. 
-During storage Norg can be transformed into TAN and vice versa. Both, the way and the magnitude of such transformations may be influenced by manure treatment processes like, e. g., anaerobic digestion where a considerable fraction of Norg is mineralized to TAN. For details see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.2. Wherever NH<sub>3</sub> is emitted, its formation is related to the amount of the TAN present. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are related to the total amount of N available (Norg + TAN). NO<sub>x</sub> emissions (i. e. NO emissions) are calculated proportionally to the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, see section 'Emission factors'. Note that the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N2 emissions from the various storage systems include the respective emissions from the related housing systems.+During storage Norg can be transformed into TAN and vice versa. Both, the way and the magnitude of such transformations may be influenced by manure treatment processes like, e. g., anaerobic digestion where a considerable fraction of Norg is mineralized to TAN. For details see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.2. Wherever NH<sub>3</sub> is emitted, its formation is related to the amount of the TAN present. N<sub>2</sub>O emissions are related to the total amount of N available (Norg + TAN). NO<sub>x</sub> emissions (i. e. NO emissions) are calculated proportionally to the N<sub>2</sub>O emissions, see section 'Emission factors'. Note that the N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N2 emissions from the various storage systems include the respective emissions from the related housing systems.
  
 == Air scrubber systems in swine and poultry housings == == Air scrubber systems in swine and poultry housings ==
 For pig and poultry production the inventory model considers the effect of air scrubbing. Data on frequencies of air scrubbing facilities and the removal efficiency are provided by KTBL (Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft / Association for Technology and Structures in Agriculture) supplemented by data from the 2020 agricultural census. The average removal efficiency of NH<sub>3</sub> is 80 % for swine and 70 % for poultry, while for TSP and PM<sub>10</sub> the rates are set to 90 % and for PM<sub>2.5</sub> to 70 % for both animal categories. For swine two types of air scrubbers are distinguished: systems of “first class” that remove both NH<sub>3</sub> and particles, and ”second class” systems that remove only particles reliably and have a NH<sub>3</sub> removal efficiency of 20%. For pig and poultry production the inventory model considers the effect of air scrubbing. Data on frequencies of air scrubbing facilities and the removal efficiency are provided by KTBL (Kuratorium für Technik und Bauwesen in der Landwirtschaft / Association for Technology and Structures in Agriculture) supplemented by data from the 2020 agricultural census. The average removal efficiency of NH<sub>3</sub> is 80 % for swine and 70 % for poultry, while for TSP and PM<sub>10</sub> the rates are set to 90 % and for PM<sub>2.5</sub> to 70 % for both animal categories. For swine two types of air scrubbers are distinguished: systems of “first class” that remove both NH<sub>3</sub> and particles, and ”second class” systems that remove only particles reliably and have a NH<sub>3</sub> removal efficiency of 20%.
  
-According to KTBL, 7.5 % of all pig places were equipped with ”first class” systems in 2022, another 12.5 % were equipped with “second class” systems. For poultry 0.85 % of all laying hen places and 2.2 % of all broiler places were equipped with air scrubbers that remove both NH<sub>3</sub> and particles. +According to KTBL, 7.6 % of all pig places were equipped with ”first class” systems in 2023, another 12.6 % were equipped with “second class” systems. For poultry 0.9 % of all laying hen places and 2.4 % of all broiler places were equipped with air scrubbers that remove both NH<sub>3</sub> and particles. 
-The amounts of NH<sub>3</sub>-N removed by air scrubbing are completely added to the pools of total N and TAN for landspreading. For details see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.2.2.+The amounts of NH<sub>3</sub>-N removed by air scrubbing are completely added to the pools of total N and TAN for landspreading. For details see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.2.2.
  
 == Anaerobic digestion of manure == == Anaerobic digestion of manure ==
  
-According to IPCC (2006), anaerobic digestion of manure is treated like a particular storage type. In the German Inventory it comprises three sub-compartments (pre-storage, fermenter and storage of digestates). For details see Vos et al. (2024), Chapters 2.6 and 4.2.5. The resulting digestates are considered as liquid. Two different types of digestates storage systems are considered: gastight storage and open tank. For open tanks formation of a natural crust because of co-fermentation with energy crops is taken into account. Furthermore, the modelling of anaerobic digestion and spreading of the digestates takes into account that the amount of TAN in the digestates is higher than in untreated slurry and that the frequencies of spreading techniques differ from those for untreated slurry.+According to IPCC (2006), anaerobic digestion of manure is treated like a particular storage type. In the German Inventory it comprises three sub-compartments (pre-storage, fermenter and storage of digestates). For details see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapters 2.6 and 4.2.5. The resulting digestates are considered as liquid. Two different types of digestates storage systems are considered: gastight storage and open tank. For open tanks formation of a natural crust because of co-fermentation with energy crops is taken into account. Furthermore, the modelling of anaerobic digestion and spreading of the digestates takes into account that the amount of TAN in the digestates is higher than in untreated slurry and that the frequencies of spreading techniques differ from those for untreated slurry.
  
 NH<sub>3</sub> and NO emissions occur from pre-storage of solid manure, from non-gastight storage of digestates and from application of digestates (NH<sub>3</sub> emissions and NO emissions from application of digested manure are reported in 3.Da.2.a). There are no such emissions from pre-storage of slurry, from the fermenter and from gastight storage of digestates. Note that NH<sub>3</sub> and NO emissions calculated with respect to the digestion of animal manures do not comprise the contributions by co-digested energy crops. The latter are dealt with separately in 3.D.a.2.c and 3.I. NH<sub>3</sub> and NO emissions occur from pre-storage of solid manure, from non-gastight storage of digestates and from application of digestates (NH<sub>3</sub> emissions and NO emissions from application of digested manure are reported in 3.Da.2.a). There are no such emissions from pre-storage of slurry, from the fermenter and from gastight storage of digestates. Note that NH<sub>3</sub> and NO emissions calculated with respect to the digestion of animal manures do not comprise the contributions by co-digested energy crops. The latter are dealt with separately in 3.D.a.2.c and 3.I.
Line 177: Line 177:
 Application of the N mass flow approach requires detailed emission factors for NH<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> describing the emissions from the various housing and storage systems. Application of the N mass flow approach requires detailed emission factors for NH<sub>3</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> describing the emissions from the various housing and storage systems.
  
-The detailed NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are, in general, related to the amount of TAN available at the various stages of the N flow chain. The emission factors for laying hens, broilers, pullets, ducks and turkeys are related to N. Most NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are country-specific but some are taken from EMEP (2019). No specific NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are known for the application of digested manure. However, due to co-fermentation with energy crops, the viscosity of digested manure resembles that of untreated cattle slurry. Hence, the emission factors for untreated cattle slurry are adopted for the application of digested manure. +The detailed NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are, in general, related to the amount of TAN available at the various stages of the N flow chain. The emission factors for laying hens, broilers, pullets, ducks and turkeys are related to N. Most NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are country-specific but some are taken from EMEP (2023). No specific NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors are known for the application of digested manure. However, due to co-fermentation with energy crops, the viscosity of digested manure resembles that of untreated cattle slurry. Hence, the emission factors for untreated cattle slurry are adopted for the application of digested manure. 
-For the detailed emission factors of livestock husbandry see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.3. +For the detailed emission factors of livestock husbandry see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.3. 
  
-Table 3 provides, by animal category, the implied NH<sub>3</sub> emission factors for manure management (housing and storage). The overall German NH<sub>3</sub> IEF for manure application is reported in section 3.D.a.2.a.+The detailed emission factors for N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> relate to the amount of N available which is N excreted plus, in case of solid manure systems, N input with bedding material. The N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors are taken from IPCC (2006). The emission factors for NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> are approximated as being proportional to the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors, i.e. the NO-N and N<sub>2</sub> emission factors are, respectively, one-tenth and three times the value of the N<sub>2</sub>O-N emission factor, see Rösemann et al. (2025), chapter 4.2.4. This proportionality is also applied to anaerobic digestion of manure, where N<sub>2</sub>O emissions occur from pre-storage of solid manure and non-gastight storage of digestates with the emission factors being those used for normal storage of solid manure and the storage of untreated slurry with natural crust provided by IPCC (2006). Note that the inventory model calculates NO rather than NOx. The conversion of NO emissions into NO<sub>x</sub> emissions is achieved by multiplying the NO emissions with the NO<sub>2</sub>/ NO molar weight ratio of 46/30. This relationship also holds for NO and NO<sub>x</sub> emission factors.
  
-The the detailed emission factors for N<sub>2</sub>O, NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> relate to the amount of N available which is N excreted plus, in case of solid manure systems, N input with bedding material. The N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors are taken from IPCC (2006). The emission factors for NO<sub>x</sub> and N<sub>2</sub> are approximated as being proportional to the N<sub>2</sub>O emission factors, i.e. the NO-N and N<sub>2</sub> emission factors are, respectively, one-tenth and three times the value of the N<sub>2</sub>O-N emission factor, see Vos et al. (2024), chapter 4.2.4. This proportionality is also applied to anaerobic digestion of manure, where N<sub>2</sub>O emissions occur from pre-storage of solid manure and non-gastight storage of digestates with the emission factors being those used for normal storage of solid manure and the storage of untreated slurry with natural crust provided by IPCC (2006). Note that the inventory model calculates NO rather than NOx. The conversion of NO emissions into NO<sub>x</sub> emissions is achieved by multiplying the NO emissions with the NO<sub>2</sub>/ NO molar weight ratio of 46/30. This relationship also holds for NO and NO<sub>x</sub> emission factors. +Table 3 shows the implied emission factors of NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> for the various animal categories (housing and storage) These emission factors normalize emissions from an animal category as the ratio of the total emission to the respective number of animals. The overall German NH<sub>3</sub> IEF for manure application is reported in section 3.D.a.2.a.
- +
-Table 3 shows the implied emission factors of NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> for the various animal categories. These emission factors normalize emissions from an animal category as the ratio of the total emission to the respective number of animals.+
  
 __Table 3: IEF for NH<sub>3</sub> & NO<sub>x</sub> from manure management, in [kg per animal place]__ __Table 3: IEF for NH<sub>3</sub> & NO<sub>x</sub> from manure management, in [kg per animal place]__
-^                       ^  1990    ^  1995    ^  2000    ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2016    ^  2017    ^  2018    ^  2019    ^  2020    ^  2021    ^  2022    ^ +^                       ^  1990    ^  1995    ^  2000    ^  2005    ^  2010    ^  2015    ^  2016    ^  2017    ^  2018    ^  2019    ^  2020    ^  2021    ^  2022    | **2023**  | 
-|  **Ammonia**                                                                                                                                            |||||||||||||| +|  **Ammonia**                                                                                                                                            ||||||||||||||           | 
-^ dairy cattle          |      9.8 |     10.3 |     11.1 |     12.2 |     12.7 |     13.1 |     13.3 |     13.3 |     13.6 |     13.9 |     14.0 |     14.1 |     14.0 | +^ dairy cattle          |      9.5 |      9.7 |     10.4 |     11.3 |     11.7 |     11.9 |     12.1 |     12.1 |     12.3 |     12.6 |     12.7 |     12.7 |     12.6 | 12.8      | 
-^ other cattle          |      6.2 |      6.3 |      6.4 |      6.7 |      7.2 |      6.9 |      6.8 |      6.8 |      6.7 |      6.7 |      6.7 |      6.8 |      6.8 | +^ other cattle          |      5.7 |      5.8 |      5.9 |      6.2 |      6.6 |      6.3 |      6.2 |      6.2 |      6.1 |      6.1 |      6.1 |      6.1 |      6.1 | 6.1       | 
-^ horses                |     13.5 |     13.5 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 | +^ horses                |     13.5 |     13.5 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 |     13.7 | 13.7      | 
-^ sheep                 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.84 |     0.83 |     0.84 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.82 | +^ sheep                 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.84 |     0.83 |     0.84 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.83 |     0.83 |     0.82 |     0.82 | 0.82      | 
-^ goats                 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 | +^ goats                 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 |     1.62 | 1.62      | 
-^ swine                 |     4.53 |     4.45 |     4.33 |     4.25 |     4.07 |     3.85 |     3.80 |     3.75 |     3.72 |     3.66 |     3.62 |     3.67 |     3.59 | +^ swine                 |     4.54 |     4.44 |     4.32 |     4.24 |     4.05 |     3.82 |     3.77 |     3.72 |     3.69 |     3.63 |     3.59 |     3.63 |     3.54 | 3.54      | 
-^ laying hens           |    0.213 |    0.205 |    0.210 |    0.208 |    0.136 |    0.131 |    0.129 |    0.128 |    0.127 |    0.125 |    0.124 |    0.124 |    0.124 | +^ laying hens           |    0.213 |    0.205 |    0.210 |    0.208 |    0.136 |    0.129 |    0.128 |    0.127 |    0.125 |    0.124 |    0.122 |    0.122 |    0.121 | 0.121     | 
-^ broilers              |    0.143 |    0.109 |    0.104 |    0.098 |    0.089 |    0.094 |    0.093 |    0.093 |    0.093 |    0.091 |    0.089 |    0.088 |    0.087 | +^ broilers              |    0.143 |    0.108 |    0.104 |    0.098 |    0.088 |    0.091 |    0.091 |    0.090 |    0.091 |    0.089 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.085 | 0.087     | 
-^ turkeys               |    0.793 |    0.793 |    0.797 |    0.873 |    0.832 |    0.854 |    0.855 |    0.856 |    0.831 |    0.831 |    0.779 |    0.780 |    0.781 | +^ turkeys               |    0.797 |    0.797 |    0.800 |    0.877 |    0.836 |    0.848 |    0.848 |    0.849 |    0.825 |    0.824 |    0.772 |    0.773 |    0.763 | 0.762     | 
-^ pullets               |    0.104 |    0.096 |    0.087 |    0.087 |    0.084 |    0.080 |    0.081 |    0.081 |    0.082 |    0.082 |    0.082 |    0.082 |    0.083 | +^ pullets               |    0.125 |    0.116 |    0.106 |    0.105 |    0.101 |    0.094 |    0.094 |    0.095 |    0.096 |    0.096 |    0.095 |    0.097 |    0.095 | 0.096     | 
-^ ducks                 |    0.193 |    0.193 |    0.193 |    0.192 |    0.189 |    0.185 |    0.184 |    0.184 |    0.185 |    0.185 |    0.184 |    0.185 |    0.185 | +^ ducks                 |    0.193 |    0.193 |    0.193 |    0.192 |    0.189 |    0.182 |    0.182 |    0.182 |    0.182 |    0.182 |    0.182 |    0.183 |    0.182 | 0.182     | 
-^ geese                 |    0.384 |    0.384 |    0.384 |    0.383 |    0.380 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.378 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 | +^ geese                 |    0.386 |    0.386 |    0.385 |    0.384 |    0.381 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.377 |    0.376 |    0.377 |    0.376 | 0.377     | 
-^ deer                  |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 | +^ deer                  |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 |    0.000 | 0.000     | 
-^ rabbits               |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 | +^ rabbits               |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 |    0.228 | 0.228     | 
-^ ostrich               |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 |    1.692 | +^ ostrich               |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 |    1.765 | 1.765     | 
-^ fur animals           |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 | +^ fur animals           |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 |    1.123 | 1.123     | 
-|  **Nitrogen oxides**                                                                                                                                    |||||||||||||| +|  **Nitrogen oxides**                                                                                                                                               ||||||||||||||| 
-^ dairy cattle          |    0.106 |    0.114 |    0.125 |    0.130 |    0.126 |    0.121 |    0.122 |    0.122 |    0.124 |    0.128 |    0.129 |    0.129 |    0.127 | +^ dairy cattle          |    0.140 |    0.135 |    0.147 |    0.155 |    0.152 |    0.142 |    0.142 |    0.141 |    0.143 |    0.145 |    0.145 |    0.143 |    0.143 | 0.147     | 
-^ other cattle          |    0.053 |    0.057 |    0.059 |    0.063 |    0.064 |    0.066 |    0.066 |    0.067 |    0.068 |    0.069 |    0.069 |    0.069 |    0.069 | +^ other cattle          |    0.064 |    0.068 |    0.071 |    0.076 |    0.079 |    0.078 |    0.078 |    0.078 |    0.078 |    0.079 |    0.079 |    0.078 |    0.078 | 0.078     | 
-^ horses                |    0.084 |    0.084 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.085 |    0.085 |    0.085 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.086 |    0.086 | +^ horses                |    0.169 |    0.169 |    0.172 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 |    0.171 | 0.171     | 
-^ sheep                 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 |    0.006 | +^ sheep                 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 | 0.012     | 
-^ goats                 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 | +^ goats                 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 |    0.025 | 0.025     | 
-^ swine                 |    0.011 |    0.013 |    0.012 |    0.014 |    0.014 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.012 |    0.011 |    0.011 |    0.011 |    0.011 | +^ swine                 |    0.014 |    0.016 |    0.015 |    0.016 |    0.017 |    0.014 |    0.014 |    0.014 |    0.014 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 |    0.013 | 0.013     | 
-^ laying hens           |  0.00027 |  0.00026 |  0.00025 |  0.00029 |  0.00035 |  0.00034 |  0.00034 |  0.00034 |  0.00034 |  0.00034 |  0.00034 |  0.00033 |  0.00033 | +^ laying hens           |  0.00027 |  0.00026 |  0.00025 |  0.00029 |  0.00035 |  0.00035 |  0.00035 |  0.00035 |  0.00034 |  0.00033 |  0.00032 |  0.00031 |  0.00031 | 0.00031   | 
-^ broilers              |  0.00016 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 |  0.00013 |  0.00014 |  0.00016 |  0.00016 |  0.00015 |  0.00016 |  0.00015 |  0.00015 |  0.00015 |  0.00014 | +^ broilers              |  0.00016 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 |  0.00013 |  0.00014 |  0.00016 |  0.00016 |  0.00016 |  0.00016 |  0.00015 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 | 0.00015   | 
-^ turkeys               |  0.00067 |  0.00067 |  0.00070 |  0.00084 |  0.00093 |  0.00093 |  0.00092 |  0.00091 |  0.00088 |  0.00087 |  0.00082 |  0.00081 |  0.00081 | +^ turkeys               |  0.00068 |  0.00068 |  0.00071 |  0.00085 |  0.00094 |  0.00097 |  0.00095 |  0.00094 |  0.00090 |  0.00087 |  0.00080 |  0.00077 |  0.00078 | 0.00078   | 
-^ pullets               |  0.00011 |  0.00010 |  0.00009 |  0.00010 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 |  0.00011 |  0.00011 |  0.00011 |  0.00011 |  0.00011 | +^ pullets               |  0.00013 |  0.00012 |  0.00011 |  0.00012 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 |  0.00014 |  0.00013 |  0.00013 |  0.00012 |  0.00012 | 0.00012   | 
-^ ducks                 |  0.00024 |  0.00024 |  0.00024 |  0.00026 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 | +^ ducks                 |  0.00024 |  0.00024 |  0.00024 |  0.00026 |  0.00027 |  0.00028 |  0.00028 |  0.00028 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 |  0.00026 |  0.00025 |  0.00025 | 0.00025   | 
-^ geese                 |  0.00024 |  0.00024 |  0.00025 |  0.00028 |  0.00031 |  0.00030 |  0.00030 |  0.00029 |  0.00029 |  0.00029 |  0.00029 |  0.00028 |  0.00028 | +^ geese                 |  0.00025 |  0.00025 |  0.00025 |  0.00028 |  0.00032 |  0.00032 |  0.00031 |  0.00031 |  0.00030 |  0.00029 |  0.00028 |  0.00027 |  0.00027 | 0.00027   | 
-^ deer                  |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 | +^ deer                  |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 | 0.00000   | 
-^ rabbits               |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 |  0.00134 | +^ rabbits               |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 |  0.00269 | 0.00269   | 
-^ ostrich               |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 |  0.00000 | +^ ostrich               |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 |  0.00126 | 0.00126   | 
-^ fur animals           |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |  0.00754 |+^ fur animals           |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 |  0.01508 | 0.01508   |
  
 == Trend discussion for Key Sources == == Trend discussion for Key Sources ==
Line 233: Line 231:
 == Recalculations == == Recalculations ==
  
-All timeseries of the emission inventory have completely been recalculated. Tables REC-1 and REC-2 compare the recalculated time series for NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> from 3B with the respective data of last year’s submission. The total emissions of NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> are slightly higher than those of submission 2023.  +All timeseries of the emission inventory have completely been recalculated. Tables 4 and 5 compare the recalculated time series for NH<sub>3</sub> and NO<sub>x</sub> from 3B with the respective data of last year’s submission.  
 + 
 +For NH3 there are two main reasons for very different emissions compared to last year’s submission: the new emission factors for housing systems **(recalculation No. 3)** results in significantly lower emissions for cattle housing systems and slightly lower emissions for pig housing systems. The correction of the numbers of horses **(recalculation No. 4)** more than doubles the emissions of the other animals. Many of the other recalculations have much smaller effects, see main page of the agricultural sector). Overall the opposing changes partially cancel each other out and result in slightly higher emissions up to 2014 and slightly lower emissions thereafter compared with last year’s submission.
  
-One reason for this is that the animal categories deer, rabbits, ostrich, and fur animals are reported for the first time in submission 2024 (**recalculation No. 1**). Big differences in poultry emissions before 2013 are due to **recalculation No. 6** (correction of poultry numbers). The update of activity data for anaerobic digestion (**recalculation No. 13**) generally leads to higher emissions from cattle and lower emissions from pigs and poultry.   +The total emissions of NOx for all years are  much higher than those of submission 2024. The main reason for this is the doubling of the N2O emission factors for solid storage systems in IPCC 2019, which results directly in a doubling of the NOx emission factor **(recalculation No. 6)**. 
-Further details on recalculations are described in Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 1.3. +Further details on recalculations are described in Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 1.3. 
  
  
-__Table 4: REC-1: Revised NH<sub>3</sub> emissions, in kilotonnes__  +__Table 4: Comparison of NH<sub>3</sub> emissions [kt] with previous submission__  
-|                                  ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   ^ +| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**                                                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||||| 
-| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**                                                                                                                               |||||||||||||| +|                          | **Submission**       ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   | **2023**  | 
-^ current submission               |  296.69 |  245.32 |  244.46 |  244.89 |  241.21 |  238.12 |  234.24 |  232.05 |  225.13 |  220.64 |  216.70 |  208.65 |  199.17 | +|                          |                      |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |           | 
-^ previous submission              |  296.08 |  244.15 |  242.78 |  243.08 |  240.96 |  237.93 |  234.15 |  232.03 |  225.13 |  220.63 |  216.65 |  208.39 |         | +| Total                    ^ current              |  300.67 |  252.12 |  248.41 |  248.80 |  242.06 |  237.98 |  233.87 |  231.70 |  224.95 |  220.40 |  216.51 |  208.17 |  197.88 | 196.54    | 
-^ absolute change                  |    0.61 |    1.17 |    1.68 |    1.81 |    0.25 |    0.18 |    0.09 |    0.02 |    0.00 |    0.01 |    0.04 |    0.26 |         | +| :::                      ^ previous             |  296.69 |  245.32 |  244.46 |  244.89 |  240.30 |  238.12 |  234.24 |  232.05 |  225.13 |  220.64 |  216.70 |  208.65 | 199.17  |           | 
-^ relative change [%]              |    0.21 |    0.48 |    0.69 |    0.74 |    0.10 |    0.08 |    0.04 |    0.01 |    0.00 |    0.01 |    0.02 |    0.13 |         | +| :::                      ^ absolute change      |    3.99 |    6.79 |    3.95 |    3.91 |    1.76 |   -0.14 |   -0.37 |   -0.36 |   -0.19 |   -0.24 |   -0.19 |   -0.49 | -1.29   |           | 
-| **thereof: from dairy cattle**                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ relative change [%]  |    1.34 |    2.77 |    1.62 |    1.60 |    0.73 |   -0.06 |   -0.16 |   -0.15 |   -0.08 |   -0.11 |   -0.09 |   -0.23 | -0.65   |           | 
-^ current submission               |   62.10 |   53.93 |   50.69 |   51.58 |   55.51 |   56.24 |   56.10 |   56.02 |   55.58 |   55.80 |   55.01 |   53.91 |   53.32 | +|                          |                      |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |           | 
-^ previous submission              |   62.10 |   53.93 |   50.70 |   51.58 |   55.25 |   56.01 |   55.90 |   55.84 |   55.41 |   55.63 |   54.85 |   53.81 |         | +| dairy cattle             ^ current              |   60.08 |   50.88 |   47.58 |   47.96 |   49.01 |   51.16 |   50.96 |   50.81 |   50.34 |   50.41 |   49.61 |   48.53 |   48.11 | 47.56     | 
-| **thereof: from other cattle**                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ previous             |   62.10 |   53.93 |   50.69 |   51.58 |   53.29 |   56.24 |   56.10 |   56.02 |   55.58 |   55.80 |   55.01 |   53.91 | 53.32   |           | 
-^ current submission               |   81.36 |   66.68 |   63.90 |   59.08 |   58.36 |   57.39 |   56.11 |   54.62 |   52.67 |   51.15 |   49.77 |   48.75 |   48.60 | +| other cattle             ^ current              |   75.09 |   61.37 |   58.84 |   54.43 |   57.07 |   52.45 |   51.18 |   49.73 |   47.86 |   46.37 |   45.09 |   44.10 |   43.95 | 43.75     | 
-^ previous submission              |   81.36 |   66.68 |   63.90 |   59.07 |   58.16 |   57.19 |   55.93 |   54.46 |   52.53 |   51.02 |   49.64 |   48.55 |         | +| :::                      ^ previous             |   81.36 |   66.68 |   63.90 |   59.08 |   61.81 |   57.39 |   56.11 |   54.62 |   52.67 |   51.15 |   49.77 |   48.75 | 48.60   |           | 
-| **thereof: from swine**          |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         | +| swine                    ^ current              |  120.20 |   90.53 |   93.99 |   96.33 |   90.18 |   87.72 |   85.80 |   85.33 |   81.27 |   78.46 |   77.66 |   71.70 |   62.66 | 62.12     | 
-^ current submission               |  120.10 |   90.66 |   94.17 |   96.62 |   90.69 |   88.38 |   86.47 |   86.02 |   81.94 |   79.10 |   78.37 |   72.37 |   63.46 | +| :::                      ^ previous             |  120.10 |   90.66 |   94.17 |   96.62 |   90.65 |   88.38 |   86.47 |   86.02 |   81.94 |   79.10 |   78.37 |   72.37 | 63.46   |           | 
-^ previous submission              |  120.10 |   90.66 |   94.17 |   96.65 |   90.92 |   88.61 |   86.73 |   86.30 |   82.18 |   79.34 |   78.56 |   72.41 |         | +| poultry                  ^ current              |   23.31 |   22.67 |   26.16 |   28.07 |   26.00 |   27.82 |   27.37 |   27.17 |   26.72 |   26.32 |   25.23 |   24.50 |   23.43 | 22.93     | 
-| **thereof: from poultry**                                                                                                                             |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ previous             |   22.93 |   22.33 |   25.83 |   27.77 |   25.78 |   28.01 |   27.57 |   27.36 |   26.90 |   26.53 |   25.48 |   25.53 | 25.66   |           | 
-^ current submission               |   22.93 |   22.33 |   25.83 |   27.77 |   28.42 |   28.01 |   27.57 |   27.36 |   26.90 |   26.53 |   25.48 |   25.53 |   25.66 | +| other animals            ^ current              |   22.00 |   26.67 |   21.85 |   22.00 |   19.81 |   18.82 |   18.56 |   18.66 |   18.75 |   18.84 |   18.92 |   19.32 |   19.73 | 20.18     | 
-^ previous submission              |   22.94 |   21.72 |   24.64 |   26.35 |   28.63 |   28.23 |   27.79 |   27.58 |   27.13 |   26.73 |   25.68 |   25.64 |         | +| :::                      ^ previous             |   10.21 |   11.72 |    9.87 |    9.84 |    8.77 |    8.10 |    7.99 |    8.03 |    8.04 |    8.06 |    8.06 |    8.10 | 8.14    |           |
-| **thereof: from other animals**                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||| +
-^ current submission               |   10.21 |   11.72 |    9.87 |    9.84 |    8.23 |    8.10 |    7.99 |    8.03 |    8.04 |    8.06 |    8.06 |    8.10 |    8.14 | +
-^ previous submission              |    9.59 |   11.16 |    9.37 |    9.43 |    8.00 |    7.89 |    7.79 |    7.85 |    7.88 |    7.90 |    7.93 |    7.98 |         |+
 \\ \\
  
-__Table 5: REC-2: Revised NO<sub>x</sub> emissions, in kilotonnes__  +__Table 5: Comparison of NO<sub>x</sub> emissions [kt] with previous submission__  
-|                                  ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^ +| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**                                                                                                                                           |||||||||||||||| 
-| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**                                                                                                                  |||||||||||||| +|                          | **Submission**       ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  | **2023**  | 
-^ current submission               |  1.734 |  1.558 |  1.521 |  1.514 |  1.459 |  1.448 |  1.434 |  1.418 |  1.392 |  1.376 |  1.354 |  1.308 |  1.272 | +|                          |                      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |           | 
-^ previous submission              |  1.731 |  1.554 |  1.517 |  1.509 |  1.441 |  1.432 |  1.421 |  1.408 |  1.383 |  1.368 |  1.346 |  1.307 |        | +| Totals                   ^ current              |  2.403 |  2.119 |  2.023 |  2.014 |  1.980 |  1.878 |  1.848 |  1.822 |  1.783 |  1.750 |  1.716 |  1.658 |  1.619 | 1.621     | 
-^ absolute change                  |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.01 |   0.02 |   0.02 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.00 |        | +| :::                      ^ previous             |  1.734 |  1.558 |  1.521 |  1.514 |  1.497 |  1.448 |  1.434 |  1.418 |  1.392 |  1.376 |  1.354 |  1.308 | 1.272  |           | 
-^ relative change [%]              |   0.22 |   0.27 |   0.31 |   0.34 |   1.26 |   1.14 |   0.93 |   0.74 |   0.64 |   0.61 |   0.54 |   0.10 |        | +| :::                      ^ absolute change      |   0.67 |   0.56 |   0.50 |   0.50 |   0.48 |   0.43 |   0.41 |   0.40 |   0.39 |   0.37 |   0.36 |   0.35 | 0.35   |           | 
-| **thereof: from dairy cattle**                                                                                                           |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ relative change [%]  |  38.55 |  35.99 |  32.96 |  33.03 |  32.25 |  29.68 |  28.90 |  28.47 |  28.10 |  27.17 |  26.79 |  26.75 | 27.29  |           | 
-^ current submission               |  0.671 |  0.597 |  0.570 |  0.551 |  0.516 |  0.518 |  0.516 |  0.511 |  0.510 |  0.512 |  0.507 |  0.493 |  0.485 | +|                          |                      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |           | 
-^ previous submission              |  0.671 |  0.597 |  0.570 |  0.551 |  0.505 |  0.508 |  0.508 |  0.504 |  0.504 |  0.507 |  0.502 |  0.492 |        | +| dairy cattle             ^ current              |  0.892 |  0.708 |  0.672 |  0.658 |  0.634 |  0.607 |  0.600 |  0.590 |  0.585 |  0.580 |  0.570 |  0.549 |  0.544 | 0.545     | 
-| **thereof: from other cattle**                                                                                                           |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ previous             | 0.671  | 0.597  | 0.570  | 0.551  | 0.527  | 0.518  | 0.516  | 0.511  | 0.510  | 0.512  | 0.507  | 0.493  | 0.485  |           | 
-^ current submission               |  0.690 |  0.604 |  0.587 |  0.551 |  0.550 |  0.548 |  0.546 |  0.540 |  0.531 |  0.525 |  0.510 |  0.497 |  0.495 | +| other cattle             ^ current              |  0.843 |  0.726 |  0.711 |  0.668 |  0.684 |  0.652 |  0.642 |  0.630 |  0.613 |  0.600 |  0.582 |  0.565 |  0.561 | 0.558     | 
-^ previous submission              |  0.690 |  0.604 |  0.587 |  0.551 |  0.544 |  0.543 |  0.540 |  0.535 |  0.526 |  0.520 |  0.505 |  0.494 |        | +| :::                      ^ previous             | 0.690  | 0.604  | 0.587  | 0.551  | 0.554  | 0.548  | 0.546  | 0.540  | 0.531  | 0.525  | 0.510  | 0.497  | 0.495  |           | 
-| **thereof: from swine**                                                                                                                  |||||||||||||| +| swine                    ^ current              |  0.360 |  0.319 |  0.332 |  0.372 |  0.367 |  0.332 |  0.322 |  0.318 |  0.300 |  0.286 |  0.281 |  0.258 |  0.224 | 0.222     | 
-^ current submission               |  0.281 |  0.256 |  0.270 |  0.313 |  0.294 |  0.283 |  0.275 |  0.270 |  0.254 |  0.242 |  0.240 |  0.222 |  0.195 | +| :::                      ^ previous             | 0.281  | 0.256  | 0.270  | 0.313  | 0.317  | 0.283  | 0.275  | 0.270  | 0.254  | 0.242  | 0.240  | 0.222  | 0.195  |           | 
-^ previous submission              |  0.281 |  0.256 |  0.270 |  0.313 |  0.296 |  0.285 |  0.277 |  0.273 |  0.258 |  0.246 |  0.244 |  0.226 |        | +| poultry                  ^ current              |  0.026 |  0.025 |  0.029 |  0.034 |  0.042 |  0.048 |  0.047 |  0.047 |  0.046 |  0.044 |  0.042 |  0.040 |  0.040 | 0.039     | 
-| **thereof: from poultry**                                                                                                                |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ previous             | 0.026  | 0.025  | 0.028  | 0.034  | 0.042  | 0.046  | 0.046  | 0.046  | 0.045  | 0.045  | 0.044  | 0.043  | 0.044  |           | 
-^ current submission               |  0.026 |  0.025 |  0.028 |  0.034 |  0.046 |  0.046 |  0.046 |  0.046 |  0.045 |  0.045 |  0.044 |  0.043 |  0.044 | +| other animals            ^ current              |  0.282 |  0.340 |  0.279 |  0.281 |  0.253 |  0.240 |  0.236 |  0.238 |  0.239 |  0.240 |  0.241 |  0.246 |  0.251 | 0.257     | 
-^ previous submission              |  0.026 |  0.024 |  0.027 |  0.032 |  0.045 |  0.045 |  0.045 |  0.045 |  0.044 |  0.044 |  0.043 |  0.043 |        | +| :::                      ^ previous             |  0.067 |  0.076 |  0.065 |  0.064 |  0.057 |  0.053 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.053 | 0.053  |           |
-| **thereof: from other animals**                                                                                                          |||||||||||||| +
-^ current submission               |  0.067 |  0.076 |  0.065 |  0.064 |  0.054 |  0.053 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.053 |  0.053 | +
-^ previous submission              |  0.063 |  0.073 |  0.062 |  0.062 |  0.052 |  0.051 |  0.051 |  0.051 |  0.051 |  0.052 |  0.052 |  0.052 |        |+
  
  
Line 292: Line 286:
  
 ===== NMVOC ===== ===== NMVOC =====
-In 2022, NMVOC emissions from manure management amount to 278.2 kt which is 96.9 % of total NMVOC emissions from the agricultural sector. 84.8 % originate from cattle, 15.2 % from other animals.+In 2023, NMVOC emissions from manure management amount to 292.1 kt which is 96.9 % of total NMVOC emissions from the agricultural sector. 84.2 % thereof originate from cattle, 15.8 % from other animals.
  
 ==== Method ==== ==== Method ====
-The Tier 2 methodology provided by EMEP (2019)-3B-28 was used to assess the NMVOC emissions from manure management for dairy cattle and other cattle. For all other animals the Tier 1 methodology (EMEP (2019)-3B-17) was used. The use of the Tier 2 methodology yields NMVOC emissions which formally could be reported in the sectors 3.D.a.2.a (application of manure to soils) and 3.D.a.3 (grazing emissions). However, to be congruent with the NMVOC emissions for other animal categories, Germany reports these emissions in the NMVOC emissions reported from manure management (3.B). For the NFR codes 3.D.a.2.a  and 3.D.a.3 the key note IE is used for NMVOC emissions. +The Tier 2 methodology provided by EMEP (2023)-3B-26 was used to assess the NMVOC emissions from manure management for dairy cattle and other cattle. For all other animals the Tier 1 methodology (EMEP (2023)-3B-17) was used. The use of the Tier 2 methodology yields NMVOC emissions which formally could be reported in the sectors 3.D.a.2.a (application of manure to soils) and 3.D.a.3 (grazing emissions). However, to be congruent with the NMVOC emissions for other animal categories, Germany reports these emissions in the NMVOC emissions reported from manure management (3.B). For the NFR codes 3.D.a.2.a  and 3.D.a.3 the key note IE is used for NMVOC emissions. 
  
 === Activity data === === Activity data ===
Line 302: Line 296:
 === Emission factors === === Emission factors ===
 For the Tier 2 methodology applied to dairy cattle and other cattle the following data was used: For the Tier 2 methodology applied to dairy cattle and other cattle the following data was used:
-   * gross feed intake in MJ per year, country specific data from the annual reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, see NIR 2024, Chapter 5.1.3.3, +   * gross feed intake in MJ per year, country specific data from the annual reporting of greenhouse gas emissions, see NID 2025, Chapter 5.1.3.3, 
-   * proportion x<sub>house</sub> of the year the animals spend in the livestock building: country specific data, being equal to 1 – x<sub>graz</sub> with x<sub>graz</sub> the proportion of the year spent on pasture, see NIR 2024, Chapter 19.3.2, +   * proportion x<sub>house</sub> of the year the animals spend in the livestock building: country specific data, being equal to 1 – x<sub>graz</sub> with x<sub>graz</sub> the proportion of the year spent on pasture, see NID 2025, Chapter 17.3.1, 
-   * FRAC<sub>silage</sub>: 1 as proposed by EMEP (2019)-3B-29, since silage feeding for cattle is considered dominant in Germany +   * FRAC<sub>silage</sub>: 1 as proposed by EMEP (2023)-3B-27, since silage feeding for cattle is considered dominant in Germany 
-   * FRAC<sub>silage store</sub>: 0.25 as proposed by EMEP (2019)-3B-30 for European conditions +   * FRAC<sub>silage store</sub>: 0.25 as proposed by EMEP (2023)-3B-27 for European conditions 
-   * EF<sub>NMVOC, silage_feeding</sub>, EF<sub>NMVOC, house</sub>, EF<sub>NMVOC, graz</sub> are taken from EMEP (2019)-3B-32, table 3.11 as 0.0002002, 0.0000353 and 0.0000069 kg NMVOC/MJ feed intake, respectively,+   * EF<sub>NMVOC, silage_feeding</sub>, EF<sub>NMVOC, house</sub>, EF<sub>NMVOC, graz</sub> are taken from EMEP (2023)-3B-31, table 3.11 as 0.0002002, 0.0000353 and 0.0000069 kg NMVOC/MJ feed intake, respectively,
    * EF<sub>NH₃,storage</sub>, EF<sub>NH₃,building</sub> and EF<sub>NH₃,application</sub> are taken from the NH<sub>3</sub> reporting (see above and 3.D).    * EF<sub>NH₃,storage</sub>, EF<sub>NH₃,building</sub> and EF<sub>NH₃,application</sub> are taken from the NH<sub>3</sub> reporting (see above and 3.D).
  
-For all other animal categories the Tier 1 emission factors for NMVOC were used as provided in EMEP (2019)-3B-18, Table 3.4. For horses the emission factors for feeding with silage was chosen, for all other animals the emission factors for feeding without silage. Due to missing country-specific emission factors or emission factors that do not correspond to the inventory’s animal categories, the emission factors provided in EMEP (2019)-3B-18, Table 3.4, were used to define specific emission factors for weaners, boars, lambs, ponies/light horses and pullets, ostriches, and deer see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.3.3.+For all other animal categories the Tier 1 emission factors for NMVOC were used as provided in EMEP (2023)-3B-17, Table 3.4. For horses the emission factors for feeding with silage was chosen, for all other animals the emission factors for feeding without silage. Due to missing country-specific emission factors or emission factors that do not correspond to the inventory’s animal categories, the emission factors provided in EMEP (2023)-3B-17, Table 3.4, were used to define specific emission factors for weaners, boars, lambs, ponies/light horses and pullets, ostriches, and deer see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.3.3.
 The implied emission factors given in Table 4 relate the overall NMVOC emissions to the number of animals in each animal category. The IEFs for dairy cattle and other cattle are much higher than the EMEP Tier 1 EF, which are 17.937 kg NMVOC for dairy cattle and 8.902 kg NMVOC for other cattle. The only possible explanation for those huge differences is that the EMEP Tier 2 and Tier 1 methods are not consistent. The implied emission factors given in Table 4 relate the overall NMVOC emissions to the number of animals in each animal category. The IEFs for dairy cattle and other cattle are much higher than the EMEP Tier 1 EF, which are 17.937 kg NMVOC for dairy cattle and 8.902 kg NMVOC for other cattle. The only possible explanation for those huge differences is that the EMEP Tier 2 and Tier 1 methods are not consistent.
  
 The IEFs for the other categories provided in Table 4 correspond to the EMEP Tier 1 emission factors, except for horses, sheep and swine. These categories comprise subcategories with different emission factors so that their overall IEFs in Table 4 represent subpopulation-weighted national mean values. The IEFs for the other categories provided in Table 4 correspond to the EMEP Tier 1 emission factors, except for horses, sheep and swine. These categories comprise subcategories with different emission factors so that their overall IEFs in Table 4 represent subpopulation-weighted national mean values.
-Note that other poultry in Germany includes not only geese and ducks but also pullets. For pullets no default EF is given in the EMEP guidebook (EMEP, 2019), hence the EF of broilers has been adopted (because of similar housing). This assumption significantly lowers the overall IEF of other poultry in Table 4 the IEFs are listed separately for each poultry category). The IEF of the sheep category is significantly lower than the EMEP Tier 1 emission factor, because for lambs the EF is assumed to be 40% lower compared to an adult sheep in accordance with the difference in N excretion between lambs and adult sheep.+Note that other poultry in Germany includes not only geese and ducks but also pullets. For pullets no default EF is given in the EMEP guidebook (EMEP, 2023), hence the EF of broilers has been adopted (because of similar housing). This assumption significantly lowers the overall IEF of other poultry in Table 4 the IEFs are listed separately for each poultry category). The IEF of the sheep category is significantly lower than the EMEP Tier 1 emission factor, because for lambs the EF is assumed to be 40% lower compared to an adult sheep in accordance with the difference in N excretion between lambs and adult sheep.
  
 __Table 6: IEF for NMVOC from manure management, in [kg NMVOC per animal place]__  __Table 6: IEF for NMVOC from manure management, in [kg NMVOC per animal place]__ 
-^               ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   ^ +^               ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   | **2023**  | 
-^ dairy cattle  |  30.939 |  32.691 |  35.437 |  36.555 |  37.236 |  38.149 |  38.508 |  38.443 |  39.200 |  39.972 |  40.528 |  40.666 |  40.388 | +^ dairy cattle  |  32.381 |  34.560 |  37.506 |  38.686 |  39.301 |  40.134 |  40.491 |  40.392 |  41.163 |  41.941 |  42.488 |  42.615 |  42.331 | 43.425    | 
-^ other cattle  |  11.714 |  11.672 |  11.782 |  11.638 |  11.653 |  11.358 |  11.287 |  11.259 |  11.243 |  11.272 |  11.338 |  11.418 |  11.399 | +^ other cattle  |  12.399 |  12.297 |  12.406 |  12.250 |  12.240 |  11.898 |  11.818 |  11.780 |  11.757 |  11.781 |  11.842 |  11.923 |  11.899 | 11.915    | 
-^ horses        |   6.497 |   6.491 |   6.688 |   6.660 |   6.644 |   6.646 |   6.648 |   6.651 |   6.654 |   6.657 |   6.660 |   6.663 |   6.666 | +^ horses        |   6.497 |   6.491 |   6.688 |   6.660 |   6.644 |   6.646 |   6.648 |   6.651 |   6.654 |   6.657 |   6.660 |   6.659 |   6.658 | 6.657     | 
-^ sheep         |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.132 |   0.132 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.132 |   0.131 | +^ sheep         |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.132 |   0.132 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 |   0.131 | 0.131     | 
-^ goats         |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 | +^ goats         |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 |   0.542 | 0.542     | 
-^ swine         |   0.695 |   0.698 |   0.690 |   0.682 |   0.669 |   0.651 |   0.649 |   0.648 |   0.648 |   0.648 |   0.642 |   0.645 |   0.643 | +^ swine         |   0.695 |   0.698 |   0.690 |   0.682 |   0.669 |   0.651 |   0.649 |   0.648 |   0.648 |   0.648 |   0.642 |   0.645 |   0.643 | 0.644     | 
-^ laying hens   |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 | +^ laying hens   |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 |   0.165 | 0.165     | 
-^ broilers      |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 | +^ broilers      |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 | 0.108     | 
-^ turkeys       |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | +^ turkeys       |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | 0.489     | 
-^ pullets       |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 | +^ pullets       |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 |   0.108 | 0.108     | 
-^ ducks         |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | +^ ducks         |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | 0.489     | 
-^ geese         |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | +^ geese         |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | 0.489     | 
-^ deer          |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 | +^ deer          |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 |   0.045 | 0.045     | 
-^ rabbits       |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 | +^ rabbits       |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 |   0.059 | 0.059     | 
-^ ostrich       |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | +^ ostrich       |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 |   0.489 | 0.489     | 
-^ fur animals   |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |+^ fur animals   |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 |   1.941 | 1.941     |
  
 === Trend discussion for Key Sources === === Trend discussion for Key Sources ===
  
-Dairy cattle and other cattle are key sources of NMVOC emissions from manure management. The total NMVOC emissions from both animal categories strongly correlate with the animal numbers given in Table 1 (dairy cattle: R² = 0.87; other cattle: R² = 0.99). +Dairy cattle and other cattle are key sources of NMVOC emissions from manure management. The total NMVOC emissions from both animal categories strongly correlate with the animal numbers given in Table 1 (dairy cattle: R² = 0.89; other cattle: R² = 0.99). 
  
 === Recalculations === === Recalculations ===
  
-All timeseries of the emission inventory have completely been recalculated. Table REC-3 compares the recalculated time series of the NMVOC emissions from 3.B with the respective data of last year’s submission. The recalculated total emissions are slightly higher for other animals. This is mostly due to **recalculations No. 6** (correction of poultry numbers before 2013) and (to a lesser extent) **No. 1**(new animal categories), see [[sector:agriculture:start|main page of the agricultural sector]]). Minor changes for dairy cattle and other cattle emissions are due to changes of NH3 emissions which have impact on the Tier 2 methodology which is applied for cattle NMVOC emissions (especially through **recalculation No. 13** (anaerobic digestion)). Further details on recalculations are described in Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 1.3. +All timeseries of the emission inventory have completely been recalculated. Table 7 compares the recalculated time series of the NMVOC emissions from 3.B with the respective data of last year’s submission. The recalculated total emissions are higher. For dairy cattle and other cattle emissions are higher due to changes of NH3 emissions which have impact on the Tier 2 methodology which is applied for cattle NMVOC emissions. For other animals the emissions are also higher. This is largely due to the correction of horse headcounts (**recalculation No. 4**). The new animal numbers for poultry and goats in 2021 and 2022 (**recalculation No. 15**) have a smaller effect., see main page of the agricultural sector). Further details on recalculations are described in Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 1.3. 
  
  
-__Table 7: REC-3: Revised NMVOC emissions, in kilotonnes__ +__Table 7: Comparison of NMVOC emissions [kt] with previous submission__ 
-|                                  ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2014   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   ^ +| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**  |                      |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         | 
-| **NFR TOTAL EMISSIONS**                                                                                                                               |||||||||||||| +|                          | **Submission**       ^  1990   ^  1995   ^  2000   ^  2005   ^  2010   ^  2015   ^  2016   ^  2017   ^  2018   ^  2019   ^  2020   ^  2021   ^  2022   ^ 2023    ^ 
-^ current submission               |  391.38 |  333.81 |  320.75 |  300.65 |  305.69 |  304.35 |  301.05 |  297.97 |  293.90 |  290.92 |  287.04 |  281.57 |  278.18 | +|                          |                                                                                                                                           ||||||||||||||         | 
-^ previous submission              |  390.91 |  332.32 |  318.01 |  296.90 |  305.49 |  304.13 |  300.85 |  297.81 |  293.76 |  290.79 |  286.92 |  281.15 |         | +| Total                    ^ current              |  415.22 |  357.45 |  342.28 |  320.98 |  320.35 |  322.59 |  318.93 |  315.55 |  311.20 |  307.95 |  303.73 |  297.43 |  293.26 | 292.11  | 
-^ absolute change                  |    0.47 |    1.49 |    2.74 |    3.75 |    0.21 |    0.22 |    0.19 |    0.17 |    0.14 |    0.14 |    0.12 |    0.41 |         | +| :::                      ^ previous             |  391.38 |  333.81 |  320.75 |  300.65 |  301.28 |  304.35 |  301.05 |  297.97 |  293.90 |  290.92 |  287.04 |  281.57 | 278.18  |         | 
-^ relative change [%]              |    0.12 |    0.45 |    0.86 |    1.26 |    0.07 |    0.07 |    0.06 |    0.06 |    0.05 |    0.05 |    0.04 |    0.15 |         | +| :::                      ^ absolute change      |   23.85 |   23.64 |   21.52 |   20.33 |   19.07 |   18.24 |   17.88 |   17.57 |   17.30 |   17.03 |   16.69 |   15.87 | 15.07   |         | 
-| **thereof: from dairy cattle**                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ relative change [%]  |    6.09 |    7.08 |    6.71 |    6.76 |    6.33 |    5.99 |    5.94 |    5.90 |    5.89 |    5.85 |    5.82 |    5.63 | 5.42    |         | 
-^ current submission               |  196.60 |  170.95 |  161.94 |  154.86 |  162.75 |  163.45 |  162.41 |  161.42 |  160.76 |  160.36 |  158.93 |  155.86 |  153.87 | +|                          |                      |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         |         | 
-^ previous submission              |  196.60 |  170.95 |  161.94 |  154.87 |  162.74 |  163.42 |  162.39 |  161.40 |  160.74 |  160.34 |  158.92 |  155.75 |         | +| dairy cattle             ^ current              |  205.77 |  180.73 |  171.39 |  163.89 |  164.40 |  171.96 |  170.78 |  169.61 |  168.80 |  168.25 |  166.61 |  163.33 |  161.27 | 161.23  | 
-| **thereof: from other cattle**                                                                                                                        |||||||||||||| +| :::                      ^ previous             | 196.60  | 170.95  | 161.94  | 154.86  | 155.76  | 163.45  | 162.41  | 161.42  | 160.76  | 160.36  | 158.93  | 155.86  | 153.87  |         | 
-^ current submission               |  153.85 |  124.43 |  117.46 |  102.42 |   96.10 |   94.85 |   93.11 |   91.00 |   88.24 |   85.98 |   83.68 |   82.29 |   81.92 | +| other cattle             ^ current              |  162.85 |  131.10 |  123.68 |  107.80 |  105.62 |   99.36 |   97.49 |   95.21 |   92.27 |   89.86 |   87.40 |   85.93 |   85.52 | 84.87   | 
-^ previous submission              |  153.85 |  124.43 |  117.46 |  102.42 |   96.04 |   94.78 |   93.05 |   90.94 |   88.18 |   85.93 |   83.62 |   82.03 |         | +| :::                      ^ previous             | 153.85  | 124.43  | 117.46  | 102.42  | 100.55  | 94.85   | 93.11   | 91.00   | 88.24   | 85.98   | 83.68   | 82.29   | 81.92   |         | 
-| **thereof: from other animals**                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||| +| other animals            ^ current              |   46.61 |   45.63 |   47.21 |   49.29 |   50.33 |   51.27 |   50.67 |   50.73 |   50.12 |   49.83 |   49.72 |   48.17 |   46.47 | 46.01   | 
-^ current submission               |   40.93 |   38.42 |   41.36 |   43.36 |   46.85 |   46.05 |   45.53 |   45.55 |   44.91 |   44.58 |   44.43 |   43.42 |   42.39 | +| :::                      ^ previous             |   40.93 |   38.42 |   41.36 |   43.36 |   44.96 |   46.05 |   45.53 |   45.55 |   44.91 |   44.58 |   44.43 |   43.42 | 42.39   |         |
-^ previous submission              |   40.46 |   36.94 |   38.62 |   39.61 |   46.70 |   45.93 |   45.42 |   45.47 |   44.85 |   44.52 |   44.38 |   43.37 |         |+
  
 === Planned improvements === === Planned improvements ===
Line 373: Line 366:
 68.6 % of total **PM<sub>2.5</sub>** emissions from the agricultural sector are caused by manure management, where 78.0 % originate from cattle, 2.3 % from pigs, and 18.0 % from poultry.  68.6 % of total **PM<sub>2.5</sub>** emissions from the agricultural sector are caused by manure management, where 78.0 % originate from cattle, 2.3 % from pigs, and 18.0 % from poultry. 
 ==== Method ==== ==== Method ====
-EMEP (2013-3B-26) provided a Tier 2 methodology. In the 2019 Guidebook (EMEP, 2019), this methodology has been replaced by a Tier 1 methodology. However, EF for cattle derived with the EMEP 2013 Tier 2 methodology remained unchanged. Therefore, the EMEP 2013((EMEP (2013): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2013)) methodology was kept for cattle. For swine the EMEP 2013 methodology was formally kept but the EMEP 2019 Tier 1 EF was used both for slurry and solid based manure management systems. The same was done with the EMEP 2016 EFs for laying hens (used for cages and perchery). In case the EMEP 2019 EFs are simply rounded EMEP 2013 EFs, the unrounded EMEP 2013 EFs were kept. For rabbits the EFs from The Netherlands’ inventory were adopted (Huis In’t Veld et al, 2011)((Huis In’t Velt, J.W.H., Dousma, F., Nijboer, G.M. (2011): Gaseous Emissions and fine dust from rabbit housing systems. Livestock research Wageningen, Report 459.)), for ostriches the EFs of goats were used. The inventory considers air scrubber systems in swine and poultry husbandry. For animal places equipped with air scrubbing the emission factors are reduced according to the removal efficiency of the air scrubber systems (90 % for TSP and PM<sub>10</sub>, 70 % for PM<sub>2.5</sub>). For details see Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 4.2.2. +EMEP (2013-3B-26) provided a Tier 2 methodology. In the 2023 Guidebook (EMEP, 2019), this methodology has been replaced by a Tier 1 methodology. However, EF for cattle derived with the EMEP 2013 Tier 2 methodology remained unchanged. Therefore, the EMEP 2013((EMEP (2013): EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook – 2013)) methodology was kept for cattle. For swine the EMEP 2013 methodology was formally kept but the EMEP 2019 Tier 1 EF was used both for slurry and solid based manure management systems. The same was done with the EMEP 2016 EFs for laying hens (used for cages and perchery). In case the EMEP 2023 EFs are simply rounded EMEP 2013 EFs, the unrounded EMEP 2013 EFs were kept. For rabbits the EFs from The Netherlands’ inventory were adopted (Huis In’t Veld et al, 2011)((Huis In’t Velt, J.W.H., Dousma, F., Nijboer, G.M. (2011): Gaseous Emissions and fine dust from rabbit housing systems. Livestock research Wageningen, Report 459.)), for ostriches the EFs of goats were used. The inventory considers air scrubber systems in swine and poultry husbandry. For animal places equipped with air scrubbing the emission factors are reduced according to the removal efficiency of the air scrubber systems (90 % for TSP and PM<sub>10</sub>, 70 % for PM<sub>2.5</sub>). For details see Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 4.2.2. 
  
  
Line 380: Line 373:
  
 === Emission factors === === Emission factors ===
-Tier 1 emission factors for TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> from livestock husbandry are provided in EMEP (2019-3B-19), Table 3.5 and 55, Table A1.7. For cattle the Tier 2 emission factors provided in EMEP (2013-3B-29), Table 3-11 were used, because they differentiate between slurry and solid manure systems and were also used to develop the EMEP 2019 Tier 1 emissions factors.+Tier 1 emission factors for TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> and PM<sub>2.5</sub> from livestock husbandry are provided in EMEP (2023)-3B-18, Table 3.5 and 55, Table A1.7. For cattle the Tier 2 emission factors provided in EMEP (2013)-3B-29, Table 3-11 were used, because they differentiate between slurry and solid manure systems and were also used to develop the EMEP 2023 Tier 1 emissions factors. They are also provided in EMEP (2023)-3B-53, Table A1.7.
  
 The implied emission factors given in Table 5 relate the overall TSP and PM emissions to the number of animals in each animal category. The Guidebook does not indicate whether EFs have considered the condensable component (with or without). The implied emission factors given in Table 5 relate the overall TSP and PM emissions to the number of animals in each animal category. The Guidebook does not indicate whether EFs have considered the condensable component (with or without).
  
 __Table 8: IEF for TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> & PM<sub>2.5</sub> from manure management__ __Table 8: IEF for TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> & PM<sub>2.5</sub> from manure management__
-^                                       ^ 1990    ^ 1995    ^ 2000    ^ 2005    ^ 2010    ^ 2015    ^ 2016    ^ 2017    ^ 2018    ^ 2019    ^ 2020    ^ 2021    ^ 2022    ^ +^                                       ^ 1990    ^ 1995    ^ 2000    ^ 2005    ^ 2010    ^ 2015    ^ 2016    ^ 2017    ^ 2018    ^ 2019    ^ 2020    ^ 2021    ^ 2022    | **2023**  | 
-|  **Total suspended particles** (TSP)                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||| +|  **Total suspended particles** (TSP)                                                                                                                                  ||||||||||||||| 
-^ dairy cattle                          | 1.2124  | 1.4016  | 1.4542  | 1.4727  | 1.4969  | 1.5360  | 1.5455  | 1.5541  | 1.5630  | 1.5721  | 1.5721  | 1.5723  | 1.5722  | +^ dairy cattle                          | 1.2124  | 1.4016  | 1.4542  | 1.4727  | 1.4969  | 1.5360  | 1.5455  | 1.5541  | 1.5630  | 1.5721  | 1.5721  | 1.5723  | 1.5722  | 1.5723    | 
-^ other cattle                          | 0.5194  | 0.5107  | 0.5014  | 0.4903  | 0.4798  | 0.4762  | 0.4759  | 0.4756  | 0.4755  | 0.4748  | 0.4746  | 0.4750  | 0.4755  | +^ other cattle                          | 0.5194  | 0.5107  | 0.5014  | 0.4903  | 0.4798  | 0.4762  | 0.4759  | 0.4756  | 0.4755  | 0.4748  | 0.4746  | 0.4750  | 0.4755  | 0.4744    | 
-^ horses                                | 0.3514  | 0.3512  | 0.3558  | 0.3552  | 0.3548  | 0.3549  | 0.3549  | 0.3550  | 0.3551  | 0.3551  | 0.3552  | 0.3553  | 0.3553  | +^ horses                                | 0.3514  | 0.3512  | 0.3558  | 0.3552  | 0.3548  | 0.3549  | 0.3549  | 0.3550  | 0.3551  | 0.3551  | 0.3552  | 0.3552  | 0.3551  | 0.3551    | 
-^ sheep                                 | 0.0484  | 0.0478  | 0.0489  | 0.0486  | 0.0489  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0480  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0481  | 0.0478  | +^ sheep                                 | 0.0484  | 0.0478  | 0.0489  | 0.0486  | 0.0489  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0480  | 0.0482  | 0.0482  | 0.0481  | 0.0478  | 0.0480    | 
-^ goats                                 | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | +^ goats                                 | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914  | 0.0914    | 
-^ swine                                 | 0.8260  | 0.8366  | 0.8320  | 0.8218  | 0.7929  | 0.7503  | 0.7451  | 0.7388  | 0.7313  | 0.7216  | 0.7238  | 0.7073  | 0.6875  | +^ swine                                 | 0.8260  | 0.8366  | 0.8320  | 0.8218  | 0.7929  | 0.7505  | 0.7455  | 0.7391  | 0.7317  | 0.7217  | 0.7243  | 0.7069  | 0.6880  | 0.6885    | 
-^ laying hens                           | 0.1898  | 0.1898  | 0.1890  | 0.1881  | 0.1869  | 0.1856  | 0.1853  | 0.1854  | 0.1846  | 0.1841  | 0.1838  | 0.1835  | 0.1830  | +^ laying hens                           | 0.1898  | 0.1898  | 0.1890  | 0.1881  | 0.1869  | 0.1856  | 0.1853  | 0.1854  | 0.1846  | 0.1841  | 0.1838  | 0.1835  | 0.1830  | 0.1828    | 
-^ broilers                              | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0399  | 0.0397  | 0.0396  | 0.0395  | 0.0394  | 0.0394  | 0.0393  | 0.0392  | +^ broilers                              | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0399  | 0.0397  | 0.0396  | 0.0395  | 0.0394  | 0.0394  | 0.0392  | 0.0392  | 0.0391    | 
-^ turkeys                               | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | +^ turkeys                               | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100    | 
-^ pullets                               | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | +^ pullets                               | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400  | 0.0400    | 
-^ ducks                                 | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | +^ ducks                                 | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400    | 
-^ geese                                 | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | +^ geese                                 | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400    | 
-^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | +^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000    | 
-^ rabbits                               | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | +^ rabbits                               | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107    | 
-^ ostrich                               | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | +^ ostrich                               | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278  | 0.0278    | 
-^ fur animals                           | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | +^ fur animals                           | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180    | 
-|  **PM<sub>10</sub>**                                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||| +|  **PM<sub>10</sub>**                                                                                                                                       ||||||||||||||           | 
-^ dairy cattle                          | 0.5557  | 0.6426  | 0.6667  | 0.6752  | 0.6862  | 0.7042  | 0.7086  | 0.7125  | 0.7166  | 0.7208  | 0.7208  | 0.7209  | 0.7208  | +^ dairy cattle                          | 0.5557  | 0.6426  | 0.6667  | 0.6752  | 0.6862  | 0.7042  | 0.7086  | 0.7125  | 0.7166  | 0.7208  | 0.7208  | 0.7209  | 0.7208  | 0.7209    | 
-^ other cattle                          | 0.2403  | 0.2363  | 0.2320  | 0.2267  | 0.2218  | 0.2201  | 0.2200  | 0.2199  | 0.2198  | 0.2195  | 0.2194  | 0.2196  | 0.2198  | +^ other cattle                          | 0.2403  | 0.2363  | 0.2320  | 0.2267  | 0.2218  | 0.2201  | 0.2200  | 0.2199  | 0.2198  | 0.2195  | 0.2194  | 0.2196  | 0.2198  | 0.2193    | 
-^ horses                                | 0.1619  | 0.1619  | 0.1639  | 0.1636  | 0.1634  | 0.1634  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1636  | 0.1636  | 0.1636  | +^ horses                                | 0.1619  | 0.1619  | 0.1639  | 0.1636  | 0.1634  | 0.1634  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1635  | 0.1636  | 0.1636  | 0.1636  | 0.1635    | 
-^ sheep                                 | 0.0194  | 0.0192  | 0.0196  | 0.0195  | 0.0196  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0192  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0192  | +^ sheep                                 | 0.0194  | 0.0192  | 0.0196  | 0.0195  | 0.0196  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0192  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0193  | 0.0192  | 0.0192    | 
-^ goats                                 | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | +^ goats                                 | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368  | 0.0368    | 
-^ swine                                 | 0.1241  | 0.1255  | 0.1244  | 0.1225  | 0.1173  | 0.1098  | 0.1088  | 0.1078  | 0.1067  | 0.1053  | 0.1051  | 0.1029  | 0.1000  | +^ swine                                 | 0.1241  | 0.1255  | 0.1244  | 0.1225  | 0.1173  | 0.1099  | 0.1088  | 0.1079  | 0.1068  | 0.1053  | 0.1051  | 0.1029  | 0.1001  | 0.1001    | 
-^ laying hens                           | 0.0400  | 0.0399  | 0.0398  | 0.0396  | 0.0393  | 0.0391  | 0.0390  | 0.0390  | 0.0389  | 0.0388  | 0.0387  | 0.0386  | 0.0385  | +^ laying hens                           | 0.0400  | 0.0399  | 0.0398  | 0.0396  | 0.0393  | 0.0391  | 0.0390  | 0.0390  | 0.0389  | 0.0388  | 0.0387  | 0.0386  | 0.0385  | 0.0385    | 
-^ broilers                              | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0199  | 0.0198  | 0.0198  | 0.0198  | 0.0197  | 0.0197  | 0.0196  | 0.0196  | +^ broilers                              | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0199  | 0.0198  | 0.0198  | 0.0198  | 0.0197  | 0.0197  | 0.0196  | 0.0196  | 0.0196    | 
-^ turkeys                               | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | +^ turkeys                               | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100  | 0.1100    | 
-^ pullets                               | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | +^ pullets                               | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200    | 
-^ ducks                                 | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | +^ ducks                                 | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400  | 0.1400    | 
-^ geese                                 | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | +^ geese                                 | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400  | 0.2400    | 
-^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | +^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000    | 
-^ rabbits                               | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | +^ rabbits                               | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107  | 0.0107    | 
-^ ostrich                               | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | +^ ostrich                               | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112    | 
-^ fur animals                           | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | +^ fur animals                           | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0080  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000    | 
-|  **PM<sub>2.5</sub>**                                                                                                                                      |||||||||||||| +|  **PM<sub>2.5</sub>**                                                                                                                                      ||||||||||||||           | 
-^ dairy cattle                          | 0.3616  | 0.4181  | 0.4338  | 0.4393  | 0.4465  | 0.4582  | 0.4610  | 0.4636  | 0.4663  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | +^ dairy cattle                          | 0.3616  | 0.4181  | 0.4338  | 0.4393  | 0.4465  | 0.4582  | 0.4610  | 0.4636  | 0.4663  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | 0.4690  | 0.4690    | 
-^ other cattle                          | 0.1574  | 0.1548  | 0.1520  | 0.1487  | 0.1456  | 0.1444  | 0.1443  | 0.1442  | 0.1442  | 0.1440  | 0.1439  | 0.1440  | 0.1442  | +^ other cattle                          | 0.1574  | 0.1548  | 0.1520  | 0.1487  | 0.1456  | 0.1444  | 0.1443  | 0.1442  | 0.1442  | 0.1440  | 0.1439  | 0.1440  | 0.1442  | 0.1439    | 
-^ horses                                | 0.1027  | 0.1026  | 0.1039  | 0.1038  | 0.1036  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1038  | 0.1038  | 0.1038  | +^ horses                                | 0.1027  | 0.1026  | 0.1039  | 0.1038  | 0.1036  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1038  | 0.1037  | 0.1037  | 0.1037    | 
-^ sheep                                 | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0060  | 0.0060  | 0.0060  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | +^ sheep                                 | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0060  | 0.0060  | 0.0060  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059  | 0.0059    | 
-^ goats                                 | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | +^ goats                                 | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112  | 0.0112    | 
-^ swine                                 | 0.0056  | 0.0057  | 0.0056  | 0.0055  | 0.0053  | 0.0050  | 0.0050  | 0.0049  | 0.0049  | 0.0049  | 0.0048  | 0.0048  | 0.0047  | +^ swine                                 | 0.0056  | 0.0057  | 0.0056  | 0.0055  | 0.0053  | 0.0050  | 0.0050  | 0.0049  | 0.0049  | 0.0049  | 0.0048  | 0.0048  | 0.0047  | 0.0047    | 
-^ laying hens                           | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | +^ laying hens                           | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0030  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029  | 0.0029    | 
-^ broilers                              | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | +^ broilers                              | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020    | 
-^ turkeys                               | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | +^ turkeys                               | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200  | 0.0200    | 
-^ pullets                               | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | +^ pullets                               | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020  | 0.0020    | 
-^ ducks                                 | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | +^ ducks                                 | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180  | 0.0180    | 
-^ geese                                 | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | +^ geese                                 | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320  | 0.0320    | 
-^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | +^ deer                                  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000    | 
-^ rabbits                               | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | +^ rabbits                               | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021  | 0.0021    | 
-^ ostrich                               | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | +^ ostrich                               | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034  | 0.0034    | 
-^ fur animals                           | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  |+^ fur animals                           | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0040  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000  | 0.0000    |
  
 ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ==== ==== Trend discussion for Key Sources ====
-Swine and laying hens are key sources of TSP emissions from manure management. The total TSP emissions from swine mainly follow the animal numbers given in Table 1 for the earlier years of the time series. However, due to increases in places equipped with air scrubbing and different emission factors of the different housing systems of the four swine subcategories (sows with piglets, weaners, fattening pigs, boars) and the varying population shares in those housing systems the R<sup>2</sup> of the linear regression is lower than 1 (0.67). For laying hens (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.98) and broilers (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99), due to the low prevalence of air scrubbing systems TSP emissions almost perfectly correlate with the animal numbers provided in Table 1. +Swine and laying hens are key sources of TSP emissions from manure management. The total TSP emissions from swine mainly follow the animal numbers given in Table 1 for the earlier years of the time series. However, due to increases in places equipped with air scrubbing and different emission factors of the different housing systems of the four swine subcategories (sows with piglets, weaners, fattening pigs, boars) and the varying population shares in those housing systems the R<sup>2</sup> of the linear regression is lower than 1 (0.75). For laying hens (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.98) and broilers (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.99), due to the low prevalence of air scrubbing systems TSP emissions almost perfectly correlate with the animal numbers provided in Table 1. 
  
 ==== Recalculations ==== ==== Recalculations ====
  
-The following table shows the effects of recalculations on emissions of particulate matter. Visible differences occur especially in the years before 2013, these are due to the correction of the numbers of laying hens and broilers (**recalculation No. 6**). The addition of new animal categories to the inventory (**recalculation No. 1**) shows only a very small effect. See [[sector:agriculture:start|main page of the agricultural sector]]. Further details on recalculations are described in Vos et al. (2024), Chapter 1.3. +The following table 9 shows the effects of recalculations on emissions of particulate matter. Visible differences occur in every year, these are largely due to the correction of the numbers of horses (**recalculation No. 4**). The new animal numbers for poultry and goats in 2021 and 2022 (**recalculation No. 15**) shows a smaller effect. See [[sector:agriculture:start|main page of the agricultural sector]]. Further details on recalculations are described in Rösemann et al. (2025), Chapter 1.3. 
  
  
-__Table 9: REC-4: Revised particle emissions (TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> & PM<sub>2.5</sub>), in kilotonnes__ +__Table 9: Comparison of particle emissions (TSP, PM<sub>10</sub> & PM<sub>2.5</sub>)[kt] with previous submission__ 
-|                                      ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^ +|                                       ^ Submission           ^  1990  ^  1995  ^  2000  ^  2005  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^ 2023   ^ 
-| **TOTAL SUSPENDED PARTICLES (TSP)**                                                                                                          |||||||||||||| +|                                       |                      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        | 
-^ current submission                   |  50.06 |  42.92 |  43.82 |  43.05 |  44.49 |  43.63 |  43.28 |  43.25 |  42.22 |  41.52 |  41.37 |  39.59 |  38.05 | +|  **Total Suspended Particles (TSP)**  ^ current              |  50.36 |  43.31 |  44.13 |  43.37 |  42.70 |  43.91 |  43.57 |  43.54 |  42.51 |  41.80 |  41.67 |  39.63 |  37.71 | 37.32  | 
-^ previous submission                  |  50.03 |  42.23 |  42.39 |  41.09 |  44.48 |  43.62 |  43.28 |  43.26 |  42.22 |  41.51 |  41.37 |  39.59 |        | +| :::                                   ^ previous             |  50.06 |  42.92 |  43.82 |  43.05 |  42.42 |  43.63 |  43.28 |  43.25 |  42.22 |  41.52 |  41.37 |  39.59 | 38.05  |        | 
-^ absolute change                      |   0.02 |   0.69 |   1.44 |   1.96 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.01 |   0.00 |   0.01 |        | +| :::                                   ^ absolute change      |   0.31 |   0.39 |   0.31 |   0.32 |   0.29 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.28 |   0.29 |   0.28 |   0.29 |   0.04 | -0.34  |        | 
-^ relative change [%]                  |   0.05 |   1.65 |   3.39 |   4.77 |   0.02 |   0.02 |   0.01 |  -0.01 |  -0.01 |   0.02 |  -0.01 |   0.01 |        | +| :::                                   ^ relative change [%]  |   0.61 |   0.91 |   0.71 |   0.73 |   0.68 |   0.65 |   0.65 |   0.65 |   0.68 |   0.68 |   0.71 |   0.11 | -0.89  |        | 
-| **PM<sub>10</sub>**                  |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        | +|                                       |                      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        | 
-^ current submission                   |  14.36 |  12.94 |  13.11 |  12.94 |  13.69 |  13.48 |  13.30 |  13.24 |  12.99 |  12.80 |  12.66 |  12.34 |  12.12 | +|  **PM<sub>10</sub>**                  ^ current              |  14.50 |  13.12 |  13.25 |  13.09 |  13.32 |  13.60 |  13.42 |  13.37 |  13.12 |  12.93 |  12.79 |  12.32 |  11.91 | 11.69  | 
-^ previous submission                  |  14.33 |  12.71 |  12.62 |  12.25 |  13.68 |  13.47 |  13.29 |  13.24 |  12.99 |  12.79 |  12.65 |  12.34 |        | +| :::                                   ^ previous             |  14.36 |  12.94 |  13.11 |  12.94 |  13.19 |  13.48 |  13.30 |  13.24 |  12.99 |  12.80 |  12.66 |  12.34 | 12.12  |        | 
-^ absolute change                      |   0.02 |   0.23 |   0.48 |   0.69 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.01 |   0.00 |   0.01 |        | +| :::                                   ^ absolute change      |   0.14 |   0.18 |   0.14 |   0.15 |   0.13 |   0.13 |   0.13 |   0.13 |   0.13 |   0.13 |   0.13 |  -0.02 | -0.21  |        | 
-^ relative change [%]                  |   0.15 |   1.82 |   3.83 |   5.62 |   0.06 |   0.06 |   0.05 |   0.04 |   0.04 |   0.05 |   0.04 |   0.04 |        | +| :::                                   ^ relative change [%]  |   0.99 |   1.39 |   1.09 |   1.12 |   1.00 |   0.96 |   0.96 |   0.97 |   0.99 |   1.01 |   1.04 |  -0.18 | -1.70  |        | 
-| **PM<sub>2.5</sub>**                 |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        | +|                                       |                      |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        |        | 
-^ current submission                   |   5.02 |   4.50 |   4.22 |   3.95 |   4.05 |   4.02 |   3.97 |   3.94 |   3.87 |   3.79 |   3.71 |   3.64 |   3.62 | +|  **PM<sub>2.5</sub>**                 ^ current              |   5.11 |   4.61 |   4.32 |   4.04 |   4.03 |   4.10 |   4.05 |   4.03 |   3.95 |   3.88 |   3.79 |   3.70 |   3.66 | 3.58   | 
-^ previous submission                  |   5.01 |   4.47 |   4.18 |   3.88 |   4.05 |   4.02 |   3.97 |   3.94 |   3.86 |   3.79 |   3.71 |   3.64 |        | +| :::                                   ^ previous             |   5.02 |   4.50 |   4.22 |   3.95 |   3.95 |   4.02 |   3.97 |   3.94 |   3.87 |   3.79 |   3.71 |   3.64 | 3.62   |        | 
-^ absolute change                      |   0.00 |   0.02 |   0.05 |   0.06 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |   0.00 |        | +| :::                                   ^ absolute change      |   0.09 |   0.11 |   0.09 |   0.09 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.08 |   0.06 | 0.04   |        | 
-^ relative change [%]                  |   0.09 |   0.52 |   1.10 |   1.67 |   0.04 |   0.04 |   0.04 |   0.04 |   0.03 |   0.03 |   0.03 |   0.03 |        |+| :::                                   ^ relative change [%]  |   1.79 |   2.53 |   2.15 |   2.34 |   2.12 |   2.02 |   2.02 |   2.05 |   2.10 |   2.16 |   2.22 |   1.70 | 1.07   |        |
  
 <WRAP center round info 65%> <WRAP center round info 65%>
-For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2021**, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2022**, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 ===== Planned improvements ===== ===== Planned improvements =====
Line 471: Line 464:
  
 ===== Uncertainty ===== ===== Uncertainty =====
-Details will be described in [[general:uncertainty_evaluation:start|chapter 1.7]].+Details are described in [[general:uncertainty_evaluation:start|chapter 1.7]].