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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:iron_and_steel [2024/04/09 12:37] – [Recalculations] cansector:energy:fuel_combustion:industry:iron_and_steel [2025/04/30 09:43] (current) – kotzulla
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 ===== Short description ===== ===== Short description =====
  
-^  NFR Code                               ^  Method     ^  AD  ^  EF  ^ +^  Category Code                          ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^ 
-|  1.A.2.a                                | T2         |  NS   |  ? | +|  1.A.2.a                                |  T2      |  NS  |    ? | 
-|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                            ||||+|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                        ||||
  
-^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  |  BC  ^  CO   |  Pb  |  Cd  ^  Hg   |  As  |  Cr  |  Cu  |  Ni  |  Se  |  Zn  ^  PAHs  |  HCB  | PCBs  |+\\ 
 + 
 +^  NO<sub>x</sub>                         ^  NMVOC  ^  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  ^  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  ^  PM<sub>10</sub>  ^  TSP  |  BC<sub>(since 2000)</sub>  ^  CO   |  Pb  |  Cd  ^  Hg   |  As  |  Cr  |  Cu  |  Ni  |  Se  |  Zn  ^  PAHs  |  HCB  | PCBs  |
 ^  -/T                                    |  -/-    |  -/-             |  -/-             |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  NE  |  -/-  |  IE  |  IE  |  -/-  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  -/-   |  NA   |  NA   | ^  -/T                                    |  -/-    |  -/-             |  -/-             |  -/-               |  -/-              |  -/-  |  NE  |  -/-  |  IE  |  IE  |  -/-  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  NE  |  -/-   |  NA   |  NA   |
 |  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                       ||||||||||||||||||||| |  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||||||||||
 \\ \\
  
-In 2021, a total of 28.2 million t of raw steel was produced in six integrated steelworks. Electrical steel production amounted to another 12.1 million t.+In 2023, a total of 25.6 million tonnes of raw steel were produced in six integrated steelworks. Electrical steel production amounted to another 9.8 million tonnes.
  
 The structural elements of this category are the production of pig iron (blast furnaces), sponge iron (direct reduction), sinter, rolled steel, iron and steel casting, Siemens-Martin steel (in the new German Länder only until shortly after 1990), electric steel and the power stations and boilers of the entire steel production. The structural elements of this category are the production of pig iron (blast furnaces), sponge iron (direct reduction), sinter, rolled steel, iron and steel casting, Siemens-Martin steel (in the new German Länder only until shortly after 1990), electric steel and the power stations and boilers of the entire steel production.
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 ==== Emission factors==== ==== Emission factors====
  
-The emission factors used for the years 1990 - 1994 were taken from the report on the research project "Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in Deutschland für die Jahre 1995, 2000 und 2010" (Determination and evaluation of emission factors for combustion systems in Germany for the years 1995, 2000 and 2010"; RENTZ et al, 2002)[(RENTZ et al., 2002: Rentz, O. ; Karl, U. ; Peter, H.: Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in Deutschland für die Jahre 1995, 2000 und 2010: Forschungsbericht 299 43 142; Forschungsvorhaben im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamt; Endbericht; Karlsruhe: Deutsch-Französisches Inst. f. Umweltforschung, Univ. (TH); 2002)]. Starting from 1995 new emission factors for iron and steel were determined, based on real emission data from the installations concerned. (1995-2001: own calculations by UBA; EF for 2008 by a research project by the steel industry´s research institut BSI.+The emission factors used for the years 1990 - 1994 were taken from the report on the research project "Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in Deutschland für die Jahre 1995, 2000 und 2010" (Determination and evaluation of emission factors for combustion systems in Germany for the years 1995, 2000 and 2010"; RENTZ et al, 2002)[(RENTZ2002)]. Starting from 1995 new emission factors for iron and steel were determined, based on real emission data from the installations concerned. (1995-2001: own calculations by UBA; EF for 2008 by a research project by the steel industry´s research institut BSI.
  
 In category 1.A.2.a - Iron and Steel only emissions from power plants and steam boiler of the steel industry are reported. Basically, all industrial power plants and steam boiler are reported in source category 1.A.2.gviii - Other since the emission behaviour is comparable. The reason for the different structure of 1.A.2.a are the requirements of the UNFCCC Guidelines and the resulting review proceedings. Insofar it is more sensible to report all emissions from blast furnace fired power plants and steam boiler in Source category 1.A.2.a to avoid notes regarding CO<sub>2</sub> IEFs. In category 1.A.2.a - Iron and Steel only emissions from power plants and steam boiler of the steel industry are reported. Basically, all industrial power plants and steam boiler are reported in source category 1.A.2.gviii - Other since the emission behaviour is comparable. The reason for the different structure of 1.A.2.a are the requirements of the UNFCCC Guidelines and the resulting review proceedings. Insofar it is more sensible to report all emissions from blast furnace fired power plants and steam boiler in Source category 1.A.2.a to avoid notes regarding CO<sub>2</sub> IEFs.
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 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
  
-For the purpose of improving the data quality National Energy Balances for the years 2003 to 2021 have gone under revisions through fine-tuning of the computational models, consideration of new statistics or re-allocation of activity data, along with other revision mechanisms. These updates led to re-calculations in fuel uses in different sub-categories and in their corresponding emissions.+Recalculations were necessary for 2022 due to the implementation of the now finalised National Energy Balance.
    
 <WRAP center round info 65%> <WRAP center round info 65%>
-For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2020**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 8.1 - Recalculations]].+For **pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2022**, please see the recalculation tables following [[general:recalculations:start|chapter 9.1 - Recalculations]].
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
 +
 +
 ===== Planned improvements ===== ===== Planned improvements =====
  
 +<WRAP center round info 45%>
 At the moment, no category-specific improvements are planned. At the moment, no category-specific improvements are planned.
 +</WRAP>
 +
 +
 +[(RENTZ2002> Rentz et al. (2002): Rentz, O., Karl, U., Peter, H.: Ermittlung und Evaluierung von Emissionsfaktoren für Feuerungsanlagen in Deutschland für die Jahre 1995, 2000 und 2010: Forschungsbericht 299 43 142; on behalf of the Umweltbundesamt; final report; Deutsch-Französisches Inst. f. Umweltforschung, Univ. (TH); https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/21412002;  Karlsruhe / Dessau-Roßlau, 2002.)]