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sector:other_and_natural_sources:natural_sources:other [2025/02/03 14:45] – [Methodology] kotzullasector:other_and_natural_sources:natural_sources:other [2025/04/24 14:05] (current) – [Emission Trend] kotzulla
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 Within **NFR 11.C - Other Natural Sources: Other**, natural activities and resulting emissions other than volcanoes (11.A) and forest fires (11.B) are to be taken into account. Within **NFR 11.C - Other Natural Sources: Other**, natural activities and resulting emissions other than volcanoes (11.A) and forest fires (11.B) are to be taken into account.
 +
 +The 2023 EMEP/EEA Guidebook distinguishes the following emission sub-categories of **NFR 11.C - Natural Sources: Other**:
 +
 +^  NFR 11.C sub-categories                                                ^
 +| Other natural sources: Non-managed & managed forests                    |
 +| Other natural sources: Natural grassland and other vegetation           |
 +| Other natural sources: Wetlands and waters                              |
 +| Other natural sources: Animals                                          |
 +| Other natural sources: Geological seepage                               |
 +| Other natural sources: Forest & grassland soils                         |
 +| [[#Other natural sources: Lightning]]                                   |
 +| Other natural sources: Changes in forest and other woody biomass stock  |
 +| Other natural sources: Forest and grassland conversion                  |
 +| Other natural sources: Abandonment of managed land                      |
 +| Other natural sources: CO<sub>2</sub> from or removal into soil          |
 +| Other natural sources: Other                                            |
 +\\
 +
 +However, for the time being, from the natural sources listed above, only emissions from lightning is taken into account in the German emissions inventory.
 +
 +NOTE: As NFR 11.C is a memo item category, emissions reported here are not accounted for in the National Totals.
 +
 +===== Other natural sources: Lightning  =====
  
 For the time being, the only natural emission source reported within NFR 11.C is lightning. For the time being, the only natural emission source reported within NFR 11.C is lightning.
  
-As NFR 11.C is a memo item category, emissions reported here are not accounted for in the National Totals. 
  
 ^  Category Code                          ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^ ^  Category Code                          ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^
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 __Table 1: Annual number of lightning strikes in Germany, as 1990, in [1,000 strikes]__ __Table 1: Annual number of lightning strikes in Germany, as 1990, in [1,000 strikes]__
-^  1990  |  443                          | +^ 1990  ^ 1995  ^  2000   ^  2005  ^  2010  ^  2011  ^  2012  ^  2013  ^  2014  ^  2015  ^  2016  ^  2017  ^  2018  ^  2019  ^  2020  ^  2021  ^  2022  ^  2023  ^ 
-^  1995  |  394                          | +|  443  |  394  |  1,026  |  802   |  589   |  687   |  656   |  542   |  623   |  550   |  432   |  443   |  446   |  329   |  399   |  512   |  242   |  316   |
-^  2000  |  1,026                        | +
-^  2005  |  802                          | +
-^  2010  |  589                          | +
-|  2011  |  687                          | +
-|  2012  |  656                          | +
-|  2013  |  542                          | +
-|  2014  |  623                          | +
-^  2015  |  550                          | +
-|  2016  |  432                          | +
-|  2017  |  443                          | +
-|  2018  |  446                          | +
-|  2019  |  329                          | +
-^  2020  |  399                          | +
-|  2021  |  512                          | +
-|  2022  |  242                          | +
-^  2023  |                               |+
  
 ===Emission factor(s)=== ===Emission factor(s)===
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 Figure 1: NFR 11.C, NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from lightning Figure 1: NFR 11.C, NO<sub>x</sub> emissions from lightning
  
-{{ :sector:natural_sources:11c_nox_from_lightning.png?nolink&600 |}}+{{ :sector:natural_sources:11c_nox_from_lightning.png?nolink&800 | Annual nitrogen oxides emissions from lightning over Germany.}}
  
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
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 The AD from BLIDS does have a low uncertainty of ± 3%. The uncertainties for the emission factors are estimated to be relatively high, being a default value. Hence the overall uncertainty for the emission estimation of NO<sub>x</sub> from lightning is qualified estimated by expert judgement to be high (>50%). The AD from BLIDS does have a low uncertainty of ± 3%. The uncertainties for the emission factors are estimated to be relatively high, being a default value. Hence the overall uncertainty for the emission estimation of NO<sub>x</sub> from lightning is qualified estimated by expert judgement to be high (>50%).
  
-====Quality checks==== 
- 
-No sector-specific quality checks are done. 
  
 ====Planned Improvement==== ====Planned Improvement====
  
-<WRAP center round info 60%> +<WRAP center round info 45%> 
-Currently, no source-specific improvements are planned.+At the moment, no source-specific improvements are planned.
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
 [(EMEP2023> EMEP/EEA 2023: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/11-natural-sources/11-c-other-natural-sources-6/view, Copenhagen, 2023)] [(EMEP2023> EMEP/EEA 2023: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2023, URL: https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/11-natural-sources/11-c-other-natural-sources-6/view, Copenhagen, 2023)]