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sector:other_and_natural_sources:other_sources:pets [2023/10/05 12:48] – [Table] kotzullasector:other_and_natural_sources:other_sources:pets [2025/03/28 10:35] (current) – [Emission Trend] niebuhr
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 ====Short description ==== ====Short description ====
  
-^  NFR-Code  ^  Name of category                ^  Method ^  AD  ^  EF  ^  Key Category  ^ +In addition to non-agricultural sources of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), this chapter discusses emissions from domestic animals (pets). 
-|  6.A.2     | **Ammonia emissions from pets**  |  T1     |  NS  |  D   |                |+
  
 +This emission source ist taken into account for the first time with the current submission and with dogs and cats as the only two groups of pets covered so far.  
  
-In addition to non-agricultural sources of ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>), this chapter discusses emissions from domestic animals such as dogs and cats.  +^  Category Code                               ^  Method  ^  AD  ^  EF  ^ 
 +|  6.A.2                                  |  T1      |  NS  |  D   | 
 +|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendEIT:start}}                        |||| 
 +\\ 
 +|  NO<sub>x</sub>                         |  NMVOC  |  SO<sub>2</sub>  ^  NH<sub>3</sub>  |  PM<sub>2.5</sub>  |  PM<sub>10</sub>  | TSP  |  BC  |  CO  |                          Heavy Metals |||||||||  POPs  | 
 +|  NA                                     |  NA     |  NA              ^  -/-             |  NA                |  NA               |  NA  |  NR  |  NA  |  NA                                   |||||||||  NA    | 
 +|  {{page>general:Misc:LegendKCA:start}}                                                                                                                                                       |||||||||||||||||||
  
 ==== Methodology ==== ==== Methodology ====
  
-The calculation of ammonia emissions in this area is made for the first time and is based on the methodological description of Sutton et al. (2000) ((Sutton, M.A., U. Dragosits, Y.S. Tang & D. Fowler, 2000. Ammonia emissions from non-agricultural sources in the UK. Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000), 855–869.))and the Guidebook 2023 ((EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2023, Chapter 6, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/6-other-sources/6-a-other-2023/view)). For the complete time series, the emissions are calculated as follows: +Ammonia emissions from pets have been calculated for the first time in submission 2024 and are based on the methodological description of Sutton et al. (2000) ((Sutton, M.A., U. Dragosits, Y.S. Tang & D. Fowler, 2000. Ammonia emissions from non-agricultural sources in the UK. Atmospheric Environment 34 (2000), 855–869.))and the Guidebook 2023 ((EMEP/EEA Guidebook 2023, Chapter 6, https://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/emep-eea-guidebook-2023/part-b-sectoral-guidance-chapters/6-other-sources/6-a-other-2023/view)). For the complete time series, the emissions are calculated as follows: 
  
  
-<WRAP center round info 50%> +<WRAP center round info 40%> 
-**EM** = **AD** (number of pets) * ** EF** (kg NH<sub>3</sub> emission animal<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup>)+<m>EM = AD_(number of pets) * EF_(kg ammonia per animal and year)</m>
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
 ===Activity data === ===Activity data ===
  
-There are no official statistics on pets in Germany. For this purpose, the data of a representative survey of 5000 -7000 households conducted on behalf of the German Pet Food Association (Industrieverband Heimtierbedarf e.V., IVH, and the Zentralverband Zoologischer Fachbetriebe Deutschlands e.V., ZZF)(([[https://www.ivh-online.de/der-verband/daten-fakten/anzahl-der-heimtiere-in-deutschland.html]], 2023)) for the period 2012 - 2022 are used.+As there are no official statistics on pets in Germany, data from repeated representative surveys of 5.000 to 7.000 households conducted on behalf of the German Pet Food Association (Industrieverband Heimtierbedarf e.V., IVH, and the Zentralverband Zoologischer Fachbetriebe Deutschlands e.V., ZZF)(([[https://www.ivh-online.de/der-verband/daten-fakten/anzahl-der-heimtiere-in-deutschland.html]], 2024)) for the period 2012-2023 are applied.
  
-The latest guidebook refer to European statistics. The figures for 2021 and 2022 are consistent with those in the publication mentioned above and according to the guidebook 2023 only the main categories cats (39% by animal catory) and dogs (27% by animal catory) were considered. +The latest EMEP EEA Guidebook refers to European statistics.  
-Time series for the main animal categories of pets are obtained by the numbers of the survey for the years 2012 until 2022. Data for 1990 are estimated retrospectively using the number of households (see also [[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Haushalte-Familien/Tabellen/1-3-privathaushalte-neuer-zeitvergleich.html]]) and the trend between 1991 and 2013 (+13.9%) is accounted for as a baseline for 1990 animal numbers. The data for 1990 and 2012 are used to estimate the missing animal numbers of the inbetween years by linear interpolation. The following table shows the estimated pet population over time. +The figures for 2021 and 2022 are consistent with those in the publication mentioned above and according to the 2023 Guidebook only the main categories cats (39% by animal catory) and dogs (27% by animal catory) were considered.
  
 +Time series for the main categories of pets are obtained by the numbers of the survey for the years 2012 to 2023. 
 +Data for 1990 are estimated retrospectively using the number of households (see also [[https://www.destatis.de/DE/Themen/Gesellschaft-Umwelt/Bevoelkerung/Haushalte-Familien/Tabellen/1-3-privathaushalte-neuer-zeitvergleich.html]]) and the trend between 1991 and 2013 (+13.9%) is accounted for as a baseline for 1990 animal numbers. 
 +
 +The data for 1990 and 2012 are used to gapfill the missing animal numbers by linear interpolation. 
 +
 +The following table shows the estimated pet population over time:
  
 __Table 1: Animal numbers in 10<sup>6</sup>, as of 1990__ __Table 1: Animal numbers in 10<sup>6</sup>, as of 1990__
-^        ^  Cats   ^  Dogs   ^+|        |  Cats   |  Dogs   |
 ^  1990  ^  10.80  ^  6.50   ^ ^  1990  ^  10.80  ^  6.50   ^
 ^  1995  ^  11.16  ^  6.71   ^ ^  1995  ^  11.16  ^  6.71   ^
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 ^  2020  ^  15.70  ^  10.70  ^ ^  2020  ^  15.70  ^  10.70  ^
 |  2021  |  16.70  |  10.30  | |  2021  |  16.70  |  10.30  |
-^  2022  ^  15.20  ^  10.60  ^+|  2022  |  15.20  |  10.60  | 
 +|  2023  |  15.70  |  10.50  |
  
  
 === Emission factors === === Emission factors ===
  
-For the calculation of ammonia emissions in this category, the mean (best estimate) of the emission factors given in Sutton et al. (2000) are used (EF cats: 0.11 kg NH<sub>3</sub>-N animal<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup>, EF dogs: 0.61 kg NH<sub>3</sub>-N animal<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup>). The emission factors were converted to the amount of ammonia using the stoichiometric factor (17/14).+For the calculation of ammonia emissions in this category, the mean (best estimate) of the emission factors given in Sutton et al. (2000) are used:
  
-====Emission Trend==== +  * EF<sub>cats</sub>: 0.11 kg NH<sub>3</sub>-N animal<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup> 
-The following figure shows the development of emissions by pet category dogs (EMDog) and cats (EMCat). In recent years, an increasing trend can be observed, resulting in a mean value of NH<sub>3</sub> emissions of 9.92 kt/a (mean value between 2020 to 2022). This corresponds to a share of total ammonia emissions in the 2023 reporting of about XX%. Especially since the Corona year 2020, more people have acquired pets such as dogs.+  * EF<sub>dogs</sub>: 0.61 kg NH<sub>3</sub>-N animal<sup>-1</sup> year<sup>-1</sup> 
  
-Figure 1: NFR 6.A, Ammonia emissions from pets+The emission factors were converted to the amount of ammonia using the stoichiometric factor of 17/14.
  
-{{ :sector:other_and_natural_sources:other_sources:sub_2024_6a_nh3_em_pets.png?direct&600 |}} +====Emission Trend==== 
 + 
 +The following figure shows the development of emissions for the pet-categories dogs (EM<sub>dog</sub>) and cats (EM<sub>cat</sub>) as of 1990:
  
 +{{ :sector:other_and_natural_sources:other_sources:em_nh3_6.a.2.png?direct&800 | Annual ammonia emissions from cats and dogs. }} 
  
 +In recent years, an increasing trend can be observed, resulting in a mean value (between 2020 to 2023) of 9.9 kt NH<sub>3</sub>/a or 2 % of total national ammonia emissions reported for 2023. Especially since the Corona year 2020, more people have acquired pets such as dogs.
 ===== Recalculations ===== ===== Recalculations =====
  
-<WRAP center round info 60%> +<WRAP center round info 65%> 
-No specific recalculations occur against the previous submission.+As these **emissions are reported for the first time**, no recalculations occur against the previous submission.
 </WRAP> </WRAP>
  
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 ==== Uncertainties ==== ==== Uncertainties ====
  
-For pets the uncertainty of the animal numbers is assumed to be 5 % (standard error), and hence 10 % for half the 95 % confidence interval, with normal distribution. The uncertainties for the emission factors are estimated to be relatively high, as emission factors vary between different sources and the amount of ammonia volatilized is based on an assumption. There is no information on the uncertainty of the emission factors. Therefore, the German inventory assumes that this uncertainty is 50 % for half the 95 % confidence interval (normal distribution).+For pets the uncertainty of the animal numbers is assumed to be 5% (standard error), and hence 10% for half the 95% confidence interval, with normal distribution.  
 + 
 +There is no information on the uncertainty of the emission factors.  
 +However, as EF vary between different sources and the amount of ammonia volatilized is based on an assumption, EF uncertainties are expected to be relatively high.  
 +Therefore, an uncertainty of 50% for half the 95-percent confidence-interval (normal distribution) is assumed.
  
  
 ====Planned Improvement==== ====Planned Improvement====
  
-Currently, no improvements are planned.+<WRAP center round info 60%> 
 +Currently, no source-specific improvements are planned. 
 +</WRAP>