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| sector:waste:open_burning:start [2025/04/02 16:23] – [Recalculations] kludt | sector:waste:open_burning:start [2026/03/11 11:10] (current) – kotzulla | ||
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| =====Method===== | =====Method===== | ||
| - | For developing of a estimation frame a survey regarding the number of such bonfires was carried out by an expert work [(Wagner & Steinmetzer, | + | For developing of a estimation frame a survey regarding the number of such bonfires was carried out by an expert work [(WAGNERSTEINMETZER2018)]. As the result, questionnaires from municipalities and statistical projections for Germany for the year 2016 were checked. The project has shown a declining trend since 1990. On the basis of expert judgement, a further reduction of emissions in the future is expected. |
| As discussed on Review 2020 regarding all relevant sources: A comparison shows that the volume of bonfires is significantly higher than the volume of campfires. In terms of number, however, the two types of fires are similar. Due to the large fluctuations of the minimum/ | As discussed on Review 2020 regarding all relevant sources: A comparison shows that the volume of bonfires is significantly higher than the volume of campfires. In terms of number, however, the two types of fires are similar. Due to the large fluctuations of the minimum/ | ||
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| As discussed on Review 2020 regarding EF used and referenced: We use different EF from different references suitable for the burning of wooden wastes. We consider both fresh wood (garden and park waste) and dry wood (without coatings etc.). We have tried to find relevant parallels, for example because of the burning of fresh wood with regard to forest fires. But the most EF are from GB 2023 for 5.C.2, evaluated and corrected in use, as shown in the following table: | As discussed on Review 2020 regarding EF used and referenced: We use different EF from different references suitable for the burning of wooden wastes. We consider both fresh wood (garden and park waste) and dry wood (without coatings etc.). We have tried to find relevant parallels, for example because of the burning of fresh wood with regard to forest fires. But the most EF are from GB 2023 for 5.C.2, evaluated and corrected in use, as shown in the following table: | ||
| - | ^ | + | __Table 2: Emission factors applied for emissions from bonfires__ |
| - | ^ CO | 48.8 | + | ^ |
| - | ^ NO< | + | ^ CO | 48.8 |
| - | ^ SO< | + | ^ NO< |
| - | ^ NMVOC | + | ^ SO< |
| - | ^ TSP | + | ^ NMVOC |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ TSP |
| - | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ BC | 1,05 | + | ^ PM< |
| - | ^ PCDD/ | + | ^ BC | 1,05 |
| - | ^ PAH | + | ^ PCDD/ |
| - | ^ B[a]P | + | ^ PAH |
| - | ^ B[b]F | + | ^ B[a]P |
| - | ^ B[k]F | + | ^ B[b]F |
| - | ^ I[...]P | + | ^ B[k]F |
| - | ^ Pb | 0.32 | + | ^ I[...]P |
| - | ^ Cd | 0.13 | + | ^ Pb | 0.32 |
| + | ^ Cd | 0.13 | ||
| \\ | \\ | ||
| ===== Trends in emissions ===== | ===== Trends in emissions ===== | ||
| - | All trends in emissions correspond to trends of AD. No rising trends | + | All trends in emissions correspond to trends of AD. No emissions reduction measures |
| [{{: | [{{: | ||
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| </ | </ | ||
| + | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | <WRAP center round info 45%> | ||
| + | At the moment, no category-specific improvements are planned. | ||
| + | </ | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | [(WAGNERSTEINMETZER2018> | ||
| + | [(EMEPEEA2023> | ||