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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:international_civil_aviation_-_lto [2021/03/29 09:50] – [Table] kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:civil_aviation:international_civil_aviation_-_lto [2021/04/08 08:00] – kotzulla | ||
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===== Methodology ===== | ===== Methodology ===== | ||
- | === Actitvity Data === | + | ==== Actitvity Data ==== |
Specific jet kerosene consumption during LTO-stage is calculated within TREMOD AV as described in the [[sector: | Specific jet kerosene consumption during LTO-stage is calculated within TREMOD AV as described in the [[sector: | ||
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__Table 2: annual LTO fuel consumption for international flights, in terajoule__ | __Table 2: annual LTO fuel consumption for international flights, in terajoule__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | + | | | **1990** |
- | ^ Jet Kerosene | + | ^ Jet Kerosene |
- | ^ Aviation Gasoline | + | ^ Aviation Gasoline |
- | source: Knörr et al. (2019c) [((bibcite 2))] &: Gores (2019) [((bibcite 3))] | + | source: Knörr et al. (2020c) [(KNOERR2020c)] &: Gores (2020) [(GORES2020)] |
- | [[gallery size=" | + | {{ :sector: |
- | : 1A3ai(i)_AD.png | + | {{ : |
- | [[/ | + | |
- | === Emission factors === | + | ==== Emission factors |
- | All country specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 (Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010)) [((bibcite 1))] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV [((bibcite 2))]. | + | All country specific emission factors used for emission reporting were basically ascertained within UBA project FKZ 360 16 029 (Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010)) [(KNOERR2010))] and have since then been compiled, revised and maintained in TREMOD AV [(KNOERR2020c)]. |
For more information, | For more information, | ||
__Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | __Table 2: Annual country-specific emission factors, in kg/TJ__ | ||
- | | | + | | | **1990** |
- | | **JET KEROSENE** | + | | **JET KEROSENE** |
- | ^ NH< | + | ^ NH< |
- | ^ NMVOC | + | ^ NMVOC | 59,7 | |
- | ^ NO< | + | ^ NO< |
- | ^ SO< | + | ^ SO< |
- | ^ BC< | + | ^ BC< |
- | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ^ CO | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ CO |
- | | **AVIATION GASOLINE** | + | | **AVIATION GASOLINE** |
- | ^ NH< | + | ^ NH< |
- | ^ NMVOC | + | ^ NMVOC | |
- | ^ NO< | + | ^ NO< |
- | ^ SO< | + | ^ SO< |
- | ^ BC< | + | ^ BC< |
- | ^ PM< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ^ TSP< | + | ^ TSP< |
- | ^ CO | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ CO |
- | < | + | < |
< | < | ||
< | < | ||
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===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | As mentioned in the superordinate chapter on 1.A.3.a, the LTO fuel consumptions applied in TREMOD AV have been adapted to the the EMERP/EEA Guidebook 2019. [((bibcite 4))] | + | As mentioned in the superordinate chapter on 1.A.3.a, the LTO fuel consumptions applied in TREMOD AV have been adapted to Eurocontrol AEM model and the underlying fleet composition. |
Hence, the percentual annual shares of kerosene consumed during L/TO for international flights have been re-estimated... | Hence, the percentual annual shares of kerosene consumed during L/TO for international flights have been re-estimated... | ||
__Table 3: Revised percentual share of kerosene consumed during L/TO for international flights, in %__ | __Table 3: Revised percentual share of kerosene consumed during L/TO for international flights, in %__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | + | | | **1990** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ Submission 2021 | 8,17 | 7,80 | 8,19 | 8,00 | 7,97 | 7,95 | 7,91 | 7,86 | 7,90 | 7,81 | 7,92 | 7,98 | 7,98 | 8,09 | 8,11 | 8,13 | 8,18 | |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ Submission 2020 | 8,31 | 7,84 | 8,21 | 8,02 | 7,98 | 7,96 | 7,92 | 7,87 | 7,91 | 7,82 | 7,95 | 8,05 | 8,15 | 8,24 | 8,26 | 8,28 | 8,32 | |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
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__Table 4: Revised kerosene usage in 1.A.3.a i (i), in terajoules__ | __Table 4: Revised kerosene usage in 1.A.3.a i (i), in terajoules__ | ||
- | | | **1990** | + | | | **1990** |
- | ^ Submission 2021 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ Submission 2021 | 13.252 |
- | ^ Submission 2020 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | + | ^ Submission 2020 | 13.676 |
- | ^ absolute change | + | ^ absolute change |
- | ^ relative change | + | ^ relative change |
- | In parallel, the majority of **country-specific emission factors** | + | Furthermore, |
- | Here, among others, the EF for SO,,2,, from jet kerosene has been replaced by new and more reliable data showing no sulphur reduction since 1990. | + | |
+ | __Table 5: Amounts of avgas consumed during the L/TO stage of international flights from Germany, in terajoules__ | ||
+ | | | **1990** | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2021 | 25,7 | 21,6 | 21,5 | 21,7 | 22,5 | 23,2 | 21,1 | 19,2 | 19,0 | 14,3 | 14,3 | 13,9 | 14,2 | 15,3 | 11,8 | 12,5 | 12,8 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | IE | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | |||
+ | In parallel, the majority of **country-specific emission factors** | ||
+ | |||
+ | __Table 6: Revised country-specific emission factors applied for jet kerosene__ | ||
+ | ^ ^ **1990** | ||
+ | | NH,,3,, | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 3,98 | 3,95 | 3,95 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | 3,97 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | 4,00 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | | NMVOC | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 59,7 | 36,1 | 25,7 | 22,9 | 22,9 | 22,5 | 22,0 | 21,2 | 21,2 | 20,8 | 20,5 | 20,3 | 19,9 | 20,5 | 20,2 | 20,8 | 21,4 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 56,6 | 37,1 | 25,0 | 22,6 | 22,8 | 22,5 | 22,1 | 21,3 | 21,9 | 21,8 | 21,8 | 21,7 | 21,2 | 21,9 | 21,7 | 22,3 | 23,0 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | | NO,, | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 297 | 306 | 303 | 324 | 325 | 330 | 331 | 338 | 342 | 345 | 346 | 349 | 353 | 352 | 357 | 358 | 355 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 283 | 299 | 285 | 307 | 310 | 314 | 316 | 324 | 330 | 333 | 334 | 337 | 343 | 340 | 345 | 347 | 345 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | | BC | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 1,78 | 1,63 | 1,45 | 1,37 | 1,33 | 1,28 | 1,25 | 1,23 | 1,21 | 1,20 | 1,18 | 1,17 | 1,15 | 1,14 | 1,13 | 1,12 | 1,12 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 1,20 | 1,19 | 1,19 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | 1,20 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | | PM | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 3,71 | 3,40 | 3,02 | 2,86 | 2,76 | 2,66 | 2,60 | 2,56 | 2,52 | 2,49 | 2,46 | 2,44 | 2,40 | 2,38 | 2,35 | 2,33 | 2,33 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 2,50 | 2,48 | 2,48 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,50 | 2,49 | 2,49 | 2,49 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
+ | | CO | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2020 | 249 | 227 | 236 | 219 | 217 | 211 | 209 | 203 | 203 | 199 | 199 | 197 | 194 | 196 | 192 | 192 | 195 | | ||
+ | ^ Submission 2019 | 225 | 214 | 209 | 192 | 192 | 188 | 186 | 181 | 186 | 185 | 188 | 187 | 182 | 186 | 182 | 183 | 185 | | ||
+ | ^ absolute change | ||
+ | ^ relative change | ||
- | __Table 5: Revised country-specific emission factors applied for jet kerosene__ | ||
- | | | ||
- | | **NON-METHANE VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPUNDS - NMVOC** | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
- | | **NITROGEN OXIDES** | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
- | | **SULPHUR OXIDES** | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
- | | **BLACK CARBON - BC** |||||||||||||||||| | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
- | | **PARTICULATE MATTER - PM** |||||||||||||||||| | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
- | | **CARBON MONOXIDE - CO** | ||
- | ^ Submission 2021 | ||
- | ^ Submission 2020 | ||
- | ^ absolute change | ||
- | ^ relative change | ||
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
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------ | ------ | ||
- | + | [(KNOERR2010> | |
- | [[bibliography]] | + | [(KNOERR2020c> |
- | : 1 : Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S. (2010): Entwicklung eines eigenständigen Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV) : Endbericht. Endbericht zum F+E-Vorhaben 360 16 029, URL: https:// | + | [(GORES2020> |
- | : 2 : Knörr et al. (2019c): Knörr, W., Schacht, A., & Gores, S.: TREMOD Aviation (TREMOD AV) 2019 - Revision des Modells zur Berechnung des Flugverkehrs (TREMOD-AV). Heidelberg, Berlin: Ifeu Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg GmbH & Öko-Institut e.V., Berlin & Heidelberg, | + | [(EMEPEEA2019> |
- | : 3 : Gores (2019): Inventartool zum deutschen Flugverkehrsinventar 1990-2018, im Rahmen der Aktualisierung des Moduls TREMOD-AV im Transportemissionsmodell TREMOD, Berlin, | + | [(EUROCONTROL2020> |
- | : 4 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019, https:// | + | |
- | : 5 : Eurocontrol (2019): Advanced emission model (AEM); https:// | + | |
- | [[/ | + |