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1.A.3.b vi-vii - Road Transport: Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear and Road Abrasion

This overview chapter provides information on emissions from automobile tyre and brake wear & road abrasion are reported reported in NFR sub-categories 1.A.3.b vi and 1.A.3.b vii. These sub-categories are important sources for a) particle emissions and b) emissions of heavy metals, POPs etc. included in these particles.

NFR-Code Name of Category
1.A.3.b vi Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear
1.A.3.b vii Automobile Road Abrasion

Methodology

Activity data

Specific mileage data for all different types of road vehicles are generated within TREMOD (Knörr et al., 2022a) 1). The following table provides an overview of annual mileages.

Table 1: Mileage data for road vehicles 1990-2020, in 106 kilometers

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
Passenger Cars 492,280 535,524 565,345 580,076 596,532 606,233 607,519 612,573 623,683 630,995 638,156 643,711 643,198 645,829 548,971 546,127
Light Duty Vehicles 14,259 23,294 31,541 35,938 39,226 39,703 40,185 40,673 43,111 45,329 47,457 49,698 51,917 53,656 50,982 54,570
Heavy Duty Vehicles 40,827 54,025 62,478 60,919 61,935 63,562 63,105 65,194 65,174 66,412 68,409 69,216 70,604 70,007 67,029 68,726
thereof: Lorries & Trucks 36,657 50,109 58,440 56,788 57,728 59,339 58,860 60,896 60,534 61,548 63,061 64,704 66,084 65,435 64,128 65,876
thereof: Buses 4,170 3,916 4,038 4,132 4,208 4,223 4,245 4,298 4,640 4,865 5,349 4,512 4,520 4,572 2,901 2,851
Two-wheelers 15,734 12,303 15,161 15,621 15,298 14,866 14,463 14,196 14,200 14,508 14,519 14,503 14,625 14,842 14,985 13,407
thereof: Mopeds 5,917 3,830 4,047 4,191 4,990 4,855 4,742 4,755 4,684 4,870 4,831 4,730 4,849 4,922 5,039 4,479
thereof: Motorcycles 9,817 8,473 11,113 11,429 10,308 10,011 9,721 9,441 9,516 9,638 9,687 9,773 9,776 9,920 9,946 8,928
TOTAL MILEAGE 563,099 625,145 674,524 692,554 712,991 724,364 725,271 732,636 746,168 757,244 768,541 777,128 780,345 784,334 681,965 682,831

The following chart illustrates the increase in annual mileage of electric road vehicles in 106 kilometers. Despite the exponential growth, only about 1 per cent of annual mileage was “electric” in 2021 (7,000,000,000 of 682,831,000,000 km). Annual mileage of electric road vehicles

Please see sub-category chapters 1.A.3.b vi - Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear and 1.A.3.b vii - Automobile Road Abrasion .

Recalculations

Compared to last year's submission, mileage data has been revised widely due to the availability of additional data sources. However, total mileage changed only marginally.

Table 2: Revised total annual mileage data, in 106 kilometers_

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
current submission 563,099 625,145 674,524 692,554 712,991 724,364 725,271 732,636 746,168 757,244 768,541 777,128 780,345 784,334 681,965
previous submission 563,099 625,399 674,705 692,609 714,035 725,321 725,977 731,761 745,817 756,655 766,829 775,277 777,801 783,298 686,804
absolute change 0.00 -253 -181 -55 -1,044 -957 -705 875 351 589 1,712 1,851 2,544 1,036 -4,839
relative change 0.00% -0.04% -0.03% -0.01% -0.15% -0.13% -0.10% 0.12% 0.05% 0.08% 0.22% 0.24% 0.33% 0.13% -0.70%
1) Knörr et al. (2022a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: Energieverbrauch und Schadstoffemissionen des motorisierten Verkehrs in Deutschland 1960-2035, sowie TREMOD, im Auftrag des Umweltbundesamtes, Heidelberg & Berlin, 2022.