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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:small_combustion:stationary_small_combustion [2021/01/26 13:52] – [Short description] juhrich | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:small_combustion:stationary_small_combustion [2022/01/04 14:35] (current) – [Emission factors] juhrich | ||
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Source category 1.A.4 comprises stationary combustion systems in the sectors // | Source category 1.A.4 comprises stationary combustion systems in the sectors // | ||
- | ^ NFR-Code ^ Name of Category ^ | + | ^ NFR-Code |
- | | **1.A.4** | **Small Combustion** | + | | **1.A.4** |
- | | including / consisting of sub-categories|| | + | | including / consisting of sub-categories |
- | | 1.A.4.a i | [[sector: | + | | 1.A.4.a i |
- | | 1.A.4.b i | [[sector: | + | | 1.A.4.b i |
- | | 1.A.4.c i | [[sector: | + | | 1.A.4.c i |
- | === Method === | + | ===== Method |
- | == Activity data == | + | ==== Activity data ==== |
- | The activity | + | Activity |
- | At present, the final Energy | + | Since large quantities of wood fuels, used in households and in commerce and trade, are purchased privately or obtained from system owners' |
+ | The results for the residential sector | ||
+ | That project collected data both on firewood purchased via commercial sellers and wood gathered in forests. For interim years, a regression model is applied | ||
+ | Wood consumption in heat-generation-only systems of the commercial and institutional sector is derived via a remainder calculation. In the process, the data on total wood consumption | ||
+ | statistics and the applicable wood-quantity data given by other relevant models. The wood consumption data derived via this approach, which relate to data on heat generation by CHP systems, are also part of the data on total wood consumption in the commercial and institutional sector. | ||
- | Since large quantities of wood fuels, used in households | + | Energy data and emissions |
- | Energy data and emissions from small engines using biomass as fuel are reported in source category 1.A.1.a, since all the plants feed electricity into the local network. However a small amount of biogas and liquid biofuel, used for heat production, is reported in source category 1.A.4. | + | The determination of these fuel activities is a result of a comprehensive evaluation of invoicing data of the EEG (Renewable Energy Law), provided by the Federal Network Agency. The EEG-accounting system contains primarily electricity generation data, but also additional information, |
+ | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
- | == Emission | + | The database for the emission |
+ | |||
+ | In 2016 the revision of the emission factors for the main pollutants was necessary due to changes in legislation. Data source for emission factors of several pollutants from 2010 onwards is the research report " | ||
- | The database for the emission factors used for NO< | ||
- | In 2016 the revision of the emission factors for the main pollutants was necessary due to changes in legislation. Data source for emission factors of several pollutants from 2010 onwards is the research report " | ||
The determination of emission factors is based on a source-category-specific " | The determination of emission factors is based on a source-category-specific " | ||
+ | |||
The emission factors are structured in accordance with the relevant fuels involved in final energy consumption in Germany: | The emission factors are structured in accordance with the relevant fuels involved in final energy consumption in Germany: | ||
- | * Light Heating Oil, | + | |
- | * Natural gas, | + | |
- | * Lignite (briquettes from Rhine and Lausitz areas, and imported briquettes), | + | * Natural gas, |
- | * Hard coal (coke, briquettes, anthracite) and | + | * Lignite (briquettes from Rhine and Lausitz areas, and imported briquettes), |
- | * Wood (unprocessed wood, wood pellets, residual wood). | + | * Hard coal (coke, briquettes, anthracite) and |
+ | * Wood (unprocessed wood, wood pellets, residual wood). | ||
In addition, emission factors for combustion systems are determined in accordance with device design, age level, output category and typical mode of operation. The emissions behaviour of the combustion systems in question were determined via a comprehensive review of the literature, in an approach that distinguished between results from test-bench studies and field measurements. Transfer factors were used to take account of the fact that emissions in a test-bench environment tend to be considerably lower than those of corresponding installed systems. | In addition, emission factors for combustion systems are determined in accordance with device design, age level, output category and typical mode of operation. The emissions behaviour of the combustion systems in question were determined via a comprehensive review of the literature, in an approach that distinguished between results from test-bench studies and field measurements. Transfer factors were used to take account of the fact that emissions in a test-bench environment tend to be considerably lower than those of corresponding installed systems. | ||
- | The description of the structure for installed combustion systems was prepared using statistics from the chimney-sweeping trade, as well as with the help of surveys conducted by the researchers themselves in selected chimney-sweep districts of Baden-Wuerttemberg, | + | |
+ | The description of the structure for installed combustion systems was prepared using statistics from the chimney-sweeping trade. These data were used to estimate the energy inputs for various system types, to make it possible to determine sectoral emission factors weighted by energy inputs. | ||
The SO< | The SO< | ||
Regarding lignite briquettes can be assumed that 10 % of the sulfur were stored in the ash while 90 % were emitted as SO< | Regarding lignite briquettes can be assumed that 10 % of the sulfur were stored in the ash while 90 % were emitted as SO< | ||
- | Black carbon emission factors are given by the EMEP EEA Guidebook | + | Black carbon emission factors are given by the EMEP EEA Guidebook |
| | ||
- | More detailed information on emission factors for different pollutants are provided within the sub-chapters | + | More detailed information on emission factors for different pollutants are provided within the sub-chapters |
- | + | ||
- | == Trend Discussion for Key Sources == | + | |
- | + | ||
- | More detailed information on key source emissions trends are provided within the sub-chapters for [[[1a4ai | 1.A.4.a.i ]]], [[[1a4bi | 1.A.4.b.i ]]], and [[[1a4ci | 1.A.4.c.i ]]]. | + | |
- | ------ | + | <WRAP center round info 100%> |
+ | For more detailed information on specific acitivity data, emission factors, emissions trends, recalculations and planned improvements, | ||
+ | </ | ||
- | [[bibliography]] | + | [(AGEB2021> |
- | : 1 : National energy balance and Satellite balance for renewable energy: | + | [(STRUSCHKA2008> |
- | : 2 : Struschka, 2008: Struschka, Dr. M., Kilgus, D., Springmann, M.; Baumbach, Prof. Dr. Günter: Effiziente Bereitstellung aktueller Emissonsdaten für die Luftreinhaltung; | + | [(TEBERT2016> |
- | : 3 : Tebert, 2016: Christian Tebert, Susanne Volz, Kevin Töfge, Christian Friedrich: Ermittlung und Aktualisierung von Emissionsfaktoren für das nationale Emissionsinventar bezüglich kleiner und mittlerer Feuerungsanlagen der Haushalte und Kleinverbraucher (unpublished) | + | |
- | [[/ | + |