2.A.2 - Lime Production

Short description

Category Code Method AD EF
2.A.2 T1 AS CS
NOx NMVOC SO2 NH3 PM2.5 PM10 TSP BC CO Pb Cd Hg Diox PAH HCB
Key Category: -/- -/- -/- - -/- -/- -/- - -/- - - -/- - - -

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T = key source by Trend L = key source by Level

Methods
D Default
RA Reference Approach
T1 Tier 1 / Simple Methodology *
T2 Tier 2*
T3 Tier 3 / Detailed Methodology *
C CORINAIR
CS Country Specific
M Model
* as described in the EMEP/CORINAIR Emission Inventory Guidebook - 2007, in the group specific chapters.
AD - Data Source for Activity Data
NS National Statistics
RS Regional Statistics
IS International Statistics
PS Plant Specific data
AS Associations, business organisations
Q specific questionnaires, surveys
EF - Emission Factors
D Default (EMEP Guidebook)
C Confidential
CS Country Specific
PS Plant Specific data


The statements made below regarding source category 2.A.2 refer solely to the amounts of burnt lime and dolomite lime produced in German lime works. Other lime-producing processes are included in NFR 2.C.1 and 2.H.2.

Because of the wide range of applications covered by the sector's products, lime production is normally more isolated from economic fluctuations than is production of other mineral products such as cement. Production has fluctuated relatively little since the end of the 1990s. Dolomite-lime production, of which significantly smaller amounts are produced, basically exhibits similar fluctuations.

Methodology

The pertinent emissions level is obtained by multiplying the amount of product in question (quick lime or dolomite lime) and the relevant emission factor.

Activity data

The German Lime Association (BVK) collects the production data for the entire time series on a plant-specific basis, and makes it available for reporting purposes. Production amounts are determined via several different concurrent procedures; their quality is thus adequately assured (Tier 2). Most companies are also required to report lime-production data within the framework of CO₂-emissions trading. The EU monitoring guidelines for emissions trading specify a maximum accuracy of 2.5%. It is additionally assumed that 2% of the burnt lime is separated as dust in all years of the reporting period from 1990 onwards via appropriate exhaust gas purification systems and is not returned to the production process. This is taken into account by a potential 2% increase in activity rates.

Emission factors

Due to recommendation during NEC-Review 2021 the calculation of CO emissions from lime production is allocated to process emissions based on default-EF. The other EF are country-specific values from different research projects.

Table 1: Emission factors for quick-lime production

pollutant Name of Category EF unit Trend
NOx quicklime 0.59 kg/t falling
SO2 quicklime 0.12 kg/t falling
NMVOC quicklime 0.041 kg/t constant
CO quicklime 1.940 kg/t default 1)
TSP quicklime 0.050 kg/t falling
PM10 quicklime 0.038 kg/t falling
PM2.5 quicklime 0.023 kg/t falling
Hg quicklime 2.62 mg/t falling

Table 2: Emission factors for dolomite production

pollutant Name of Category EF unit Trend
NOx dolomite 1.73 kg/t falling
SO2 dolomite 0.58 kg/t falling
NMVOC dolomite 0.041 kg/t constant
CO dolomite 1.940 kg/t default 2)
TSP dolomite 0.034 kg/t falling
PM10 dolomite 0.026 kg/t falling
PM2.5 dolomite 0.015 kg/t falling
Hg quicklime 2.63 mg/t falling

All trends in emissions correspond to trends of emission factors in table above. No rising trends are identified.

Emission trends in NFR 2.A.2

Recalculations

With activity data and all already used emission factors remaining unrevised, no recalculations have been carried out compared to last year's submission for this pollutants.

However, due to recommendation during NEC-Review 2021, the calculation of CO emissions from lime production is allocated to process emissions and estimated and reported here for the first time. So emission trend show the recalculation in total.

For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following chapter 8.1 - Recalculations.

Planned improvements

At the moment, no category-specific improvements are planned.

1) , 2)
EMEP GB 2019: Table 3-23 Tier 2 emission factors for source category 1.A.2.f.i, Lime production