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sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:tyre_and_brake_wear [2021/04/13 14:39] – kotzulla | sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:tyre_and_brake_wear [2022/03/10 12:10] – [Table] kotzulla | ||
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In sub-categories //1.A.3.b vi - Road transport: Automobile tyre and brake wear// emissions from automobile tyre and brake wear in RT are reported. Therefore, these sub-category is an important source for a) particle emissions and b) emissions of heavy metals, POPs etc. included in these particles. | In sub-categories //1.A.3.b vi - Road transport: Automobile tyre and brake wear// emissions from automobile tyre and brake wear in RT are reported. Therefore, these sub-category is an important source for a) particle emissions and b) emissions of heavy metals, POPs etc. included in these particles. | ||
- | ^ Category Code ^ Method | + | ^ Category Code ^ Method |
- | | 1.A.3.b vi | + | | 1.A.3.b vi |
- | ^ | + | ^ |
- | | 1.A.3.b vi | + | | Key Category: |
===== Methodology ===== | ===== Methodology ===== | ||
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==== Emission factors ==== | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
- | __Table 1: Default emission | + | __Table 1: Emission |
- | ||~ Source ||||||||||= **Tyre Wear** ||||||||||= **Brake Wear** ||= | + | | |
- | ||~ Vehicle Type ||= **PCs** ||= **LDVs** ||= **HDVs** ||= **Buses** ||= **MTWs**^^1^^ ||= **PCs** ||= **LDVs** ||= **HDVs** ||= **Buses** ||= **MTWs**^^1^^||= | + | | ::: | ::: ^ |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | + | ^ BC | [mg/ |
- | ||< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ||< PM< | + | ^ PM< |
- | ||< PM< | + | ^ TSP |
- | ||< TSP ||> 10.7 ||> 16.9 ||> 45.0 ||> 45.0 ||> 4.60 ||> 7.50 ||> 11.7 ||> 32.7 ||> 32.7 ||> 3.70 ||= | + | ^ Pb |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | + | ^ Hg | ::: |
- | ||< | + | ^ Cd | ::: |
- | ||< Hg ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||= | + | ^ As | ::: |
- | ||< Cd ||> 0.050 ||> 0.079 ||> 0.114 ||> 0.083 ||> 0.022 ||> 0.168 ||> 0.262 ||> 0.734 ||> 0.734 ||> 0.083 ||= | + | ^ Cr | ::: |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | + | ^ Cu | ::: |
- | ||< As ||> 0.041 ||> 0.064 ||> 0.092 ||> 0.067 ||> 0.017 ||> 0.506 ||> 0.790 ||> 2.21 ||> 2.210 ||> 0.250 ||= | + | ^ Ni | ::: |
- | ||< Cr ||> 0.255 ||> 0.402 ||> 0.576 ||> 0.419 ||> 0.109 ||> 17.3 ||> 27.0 ||> 75.7 ||> 75.7 ||> 8.55 ||= | + | ^ Se | ::: |
- | ||< Cu ||> 1.86 ||> 2.94 ||> 4.21 ||> 3.06 ||> 0.800 ||> 383 ||> 598 ||> 1,674 ||> | + | ^ Zn | ::: |
- | ||< Ni ||> 0.320 ||> 0.505 ||> 0.723 ||> 0.526 ||> 0.138 ||> 2.45 ||> 3.83 ||> 10.71 ||> 10.71 ||> 1.21 ||= | + | ^ B[a]P |
- | ||< Se ||> 0.214 ||> 0.338 ||> 0.484 ||> 0.352 ||> 0.092 ||> 0.15 ||> 0.234 ||> 0.655 ||> 0.655 ||> 0.074 ||= | + | ^ B[b]F |
- | ||< Zn ||> 79.5 ||> 126 ||> 180 ||> 131 ||> 34.2 ||> 65.1 ||> 102 ||> 284 ||> 284 ||> 32.1 ||= | + | ^ B[k]F |
- | |||||||||||||||||||||| **POPs** || | + | ^ I[..]P |
- | ||< PCDD/ | + | ^ ∑ PAHs 1-4 | ::: |
- | ||||||||||||||||||||||< | + | |
- | ||< B[a]P ||> 0.032 ||> 0.049 ||> 0.134 ||> 0.120 ||> 0.013 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||= | + | |
- | ||< B[b]F ||> 0.038 ||> 0.063 ||> 0.161 ||> 0.144 ||> 0.019 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> | + | |
- | ||< B[k]F ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> | + | |
- | ||< I[..]P ||> 0.019 ||> 0.028 ||> 0.082 ||> 0.072 ||> 0.006 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> | + | |
- | ||< ∑ PAHs 1-4 ||> 0.090 ||> 0.140 ||> 0.379 ||> 0.336 ||> 0.038 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> | + | |
- | ^^1^^ similar EF apllied to mopeds and motorcycles | + | |
=====Discussion of emission trends===== | =====Discussion of emission trends===== | ||
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__Table: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__ | __Table: Outcome of Key Category Analysis__ | ||
- | | for: ^ BC | + | | for: ^ BC |
- | | by: | | + | | by: | |
All reported emissons from tyre and brake wear are connected directly to the mileage driven by the road vehicles covered. | All reported emissons from tyre and brake wear are connected directly to the mileage driven by the road vehicles covered. | ||
- | === Particulate Matter === | + | {{ : |
- | + | {{ : | |
- | === Heavy metals === | + | |
- | + | ||
- | The emissions of heavy metals are as well linked directly to the trend of mileage. | + | |
===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
- | **Activity | + | With both **activity |
- | + | ||
- | However, the biggest changes occur in the tier1 **emission factors** | + | |
- | The variety of old and revised | + | |
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter | + | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant-specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general: |
</ | </ | ||
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Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | Besides a routine revision of the underlying model, no specific improvements are planned. | ||
- | ===== FAQs ===== | ||
- | ------ | ||
- | [[bibliography]] | ||
- | : 1 : EMEP/EEA, 2019: EMEP/EEA air pollutant emission inventory guidebook 2019; https:// | ||
- | [[/ |