meta data for this page
  •  

Differences

This shows you the differences between two versions of the page.

Link to this comparison view

Both sides previous revisionPrevious revision
Next revision		Previous revision
Last revisionBoth sides next revision
sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport [2021/01/14 23:33] – kotzullasector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport [2021/01/15 19:18] – [Table] kotzulla
Line 1: Line 1:
-=== Short description ===+====== 1.A.3.b - Transport: Road Transport ====== 
 + 
 +===== Short description =====
  
 In category //1.A.3.b - Road Transport// emissions from fuel combustion activities as well as abrasive and fugitive emissions are reported within the following categories: In category //1.A.3.b - Road Transport// emissions from fuel combustion activities as well as abrasive and fugitive emissions are reported within the following categories:
  
-||~ NFR-Code ||~ Name of Category || +^  NFR-Code                                                                                                                                                                  ^  Name of Category                                                                                                                                      ^ 
-||= **1.A.3.b** ||= **Road Transport** || +| **[[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:overview_emissions_from_fuel_combustion_in_road_vehicles| Emissions from Fuel Combustion in Road Vehicles ]]**                                                                                                                                                          || 
-||||||||||||~ consisting of / including sub-categories || +|  1.A.3.b i                                                                                                                                                                 | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:passenger_cars|Passenger Cars]]                                                               | 
-|||||||||||| **[[[ 1-a-3-b-i-iv-emissions-from-fuel-combustion-in-rt | Emissions from Fuel Combustion ]]]** || +|  1.A.3.b ii                                                                                                                                                                | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:light_duty_vehicles| Light Duty Vehicles ]]                                                   | 
-||= 1.A.3.b i || [[[ 1-a-3-bi-exhaust-emissions-from-passenger-cars | Passenger Cars ]]] || +|  1.A.3.b iii                                                                                                                                                               | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:heavy_duty_vehicles|Heavy Duty Vehicles ]]                                                    | 
-||= 1.A.3.b ii || [[[ 1-a-3-bii-exhaust-emissions-from-LDV | Light Duty Vehicles ]]]  || +|  1.A.3.b iv                                                                                                                                                                | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:mopeds_and_motorcycles|Mopeds & Motorcycles ]]                                                | 
-||= 1.A.3.b iii || [[[ 1-a-3-biii-exhaust-emissions-from-HDV | Heavy Duty Vehicles ]]] || +| **Fugitive Emissions from Road Vehicles**                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          || 
-||= 1.A.3.b iv || [[[ 1-a-3-biv-exhaust-emissions-from-TwoWheelers | Mopeds & Motorcycles ]]] || +|  1.A.3.b v                                                                                                                                                                 | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:fugitive_emissions_from_gasoline_evaporation| Gasoline Evaporation ]]                         | 
-|||||||||||| **Fugitive Emissions from Road Vehicles** || +| **[[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles| Emissions from Tyre and Brake Wear & Road Abrasion ]]**                                                                                                                                                                          || 
-||= 1.A.3.b v || [[[ 1-a-3-b-v-gasoline-evaporation | Gasoline Evaporation ]]] || +|  1.A.3.b vi                                                                                                                                                                | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:tyre_and_brake_wear| Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear ]]  | 
-|||||||||||| **[[[ 1-a-3-b-vi-vii-emissions-from-wear-and-abrasion | Emissions from Tyre and Brake Wear & Road Abrasion ]]]** || +|  1.A.3.b vii                                                                                                                                                               | [[sector:energy:fuel_combustion:transport:road_transport:abrasive_emissions_from_road_vehicles:road_abrasion| Automobile Road Abrasion ]]              |
-||= 1.A.3.b vi || [[[ 1-a-3-b-vi-emissions-from-tyre-and-brake-wear | Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear ]]] || +
-||= 1.A.3.b vii || [[[ 1-a-3-b-vii-emissions-from-road-abrasion | Automobile Road Abrasion ]]] ||+
  
 Abbreviations used below as well as in the following chapters on road transport for the different types of vehicles: Abbreviations used below as well as in the following chapters on road transport for the different types of vehicles:
Line 29: Line 29:
 For buses and heavy duty vehicles (over 3.5 t total permissible vehicle weight), maximum permissible levels of hydrocarbon (HC, incl. NMVOC) emissions were lowered especially sharply (-40%) via the introduction of the EURO3 standard in 2000. Since EURO3 vehicles were very quick to reach the market as of 2000, the emission factor for hydrocarbon emissions from diesel fuel - and the relevant emissions themselves – decreased considerably after 2000.  For buses and heavy duty vehicles (over 3.5 t total permissible vehicle weight), maximum permissible levels of hydrocarbon (HC, incl. NMVOC) emissions were lowered especially sharply (-40%) via the introduction of the EURO3 standard in 2000. Since EURO3 vehicles were very quick to reach the market as of 2000, the emission factor for hydrocarbon emissions from diesel fuel - and the relevant emissions themselves – decreased considerably after 2000. 
  
-+ __Method__+===== Methodology =====
  
 Emissions are calculated with the aid of the TREMOD model ("Transport Emission Estimation Model" v6.02) from (Knörr, W. et al. (2019a)) [((bibcite 1))]. 4 Emissions are calculated with the aid of the TREMOD model ("Transport Emission Estimation Model" v6.02) from (Knörr, W. et al. (2019a)) [((bibcite 1))]. 4
  
 This model adopts a "bottom-up" (tier3) approach whereby mileage of the individual vehicle layers is multiplied by region-specific emission factors. For passenger cars and light duty vehicles, a “cold start surplus” is also added. The total consumption calculated on the basis of fuel type is compared with the consumption according to the Energy Balance. The emissions are then corrected with the aid of factors obtained from this comparison process. For petrol-powered vehicles, the evaporation emissions of VOC are calculated in keeping with the pollution-control technology used. From the emissions and fuel consumption for the various vehicle layers, aggregated, fuelbased emission factors (kg of emissions per TJ of fuel consumption) are derived, and then the emission factors are forwarded to the CSE via a relevant interface. In keeping with the CORINAIR report structure, these factors are differentiated only by type of fuel, type of road (autobahn, rural road, city road) and, within the vehicle categories, by "without/with emissions-control equipment". The following emissions-control categories are differentiated: This model adopts a "bottom-up" (tier3) approach whereby mileage of the individual vehicle layers is multiplied by region-specific emission factors. For passenger cars and light duty vehicles, a “cold start surplus” is also added. The total consumption calculated on the basis of fuel type is compared with the consumption according to the Energy Balance. The emissions are then corrected with the aid of factors obtained from this comparison process. For petrol-powered vehicles, the evaporation emissions of VOC are calculated in keeping with the pollution-control technology used. From the emissions and fuel consumption for the various vehicle layers, aggregated, fuelbased emission factors (kg of emissions per TJ of fuel consumption) are derived, and then the emission factors are forwarded to the CSE via a relevant interface. In keeping with the CORINAIR report structure, these factors are differentiated only by type of fuel, type of road (autobahn, rural road, city road) and, within the vehicle categories, by "without/with emissions-control equipment". The following emissions-control categories are differentiated:
- 
-__Table 1: Differentiation of emissions-control categories in road transports__ 
-||~ Emissions-control system||~ without ||~ with || 
-|| PCs / LDVs with gasoline engines || without catalytic converter || with catalytic converter || 
-|| PCs / LDVs with diesel engines, buses, HDVs, MCs || before Euro1 standard || after Euro1 standard || 
  
 For calculation with TREMOD, extensive basic data from generally accessible statistics and special surveys were used, co-ordinated, and supplemented. An overview of the principal sources and key assumptions is given below. Detailed descriptions of the databases, including information on the sources used, and the calculation methods used in TREMOD, are provided in the aforementioned IFEU report. For calculation with TREMOD, extensive basic data from generally accessible statistics and special surveys were used, co-ordinated, and supplemented. An overview of the principal sources and key assumptions is given below. Detailed descriptions of the databases, including information on the sources used, and the calculation methods used in TREMOD, are provided in the aforementioned IFEU report.
  
-++ Activity Data+=== Activity Data ===
  
 The basis for CSE data collection for the road-transport sector consists of fuel consumption data provided by the Working Group on Energy Balances (AGEB). For each year, the sum of the activity rates for the various individual structural elements must correspond to the Energy Balance data, in terajoule. The relevant basic Energy Balance data is shown in the table below. The basis for CSE data collection for the road-transport sector consists of fuel consumption data provided by the Working Group on Energy Balances (AGEB). For each year, the sum of the activity rates for the various individual structural elements must correspond to the Energy Balance data, in terajoule. The relevant basic Energy Balance data is shown in the table below.
  
-__Table 2: Fuel consumption in German road transport, in terajoule__+__Table 1: Fuel consumption in German road transport, in terajoule__
 || ||= **Diesel oil** ||= **Gasoline** ||= **Biodiesel** ||= **Biogasoline** ||= **Biogas** ||= **Liquefied Petroleum Gas** ||= **Compressed Natural Gas** ||= **Liquefied Natural Gas** ||= **Petroleum** ||= **lubricant in 2-Stroke mix** ||= || ||= **Diesel oil** ||= **Gasoline** ||= **Biodiesel** ||= **Biogasoline** ||= **Biogas** ||= **Liquefied Petroleum Gas** ||= **Compressed Natural Gas** ||= **Liquefied Natural Gas** ||= **Petroleum** ||= **lubricant in 2-Stroke mix** ||=
 ||~ 1990 ||> 735,920 ||> 1,330,479 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 138 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 2,660 ||>  ||~ 1990 ||> 735,920 ||> 1,330,479 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 138 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 0 ||> 2,660 ||> 
Line 108: Line 103:
 --] --]
  
-+ __Uncertainties__ +===== Uncertainties ===== 
  
 Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: "Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland" by (Knörr et al. (2009)) [((bibcite 2))]. Uncertainty estimates for **activity data** of mobile sources derive from research project FKZ 360 16 023: "Ermittlung der Unsicherheiten der mit den Modellen TREMOD und TREMOD-MM berechneten Luftschadstoffemissionen des landgebundenen Verkehrs in Deutschland" by (Knörr et al. (2009)) [((bibcite 2))].
Line 114: Line 109:
 Uncertainty estimates for **emission factors** for all 1.A.3.b sub-categories were compiled during the PAREST research project. Here, the final report has not yet been published. Uncertainty estimates for **emission factors** for all 1.A.3.b sub-categories were compiled during the PAREST research project. Here, the final report has not yet been published.
  
-+ __Recalculations__+===== Recalculations =====
  
 Due to the revision of the underlying TREMOD model adapting the new version of the Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA) now available in version 4.1, all country-specific emission factors have been revised fundamentally for the entire time series as of 1990. For more details please refer to chapter [[[1-a-3-b-i-iv-emissions-from-fuel-combustion-in-rt | 1.A.3.b i-iv - Emissions from Fuel Combustion in Road Vehicles ]]] of this report. Due to the revision of the underlying TREMOD model adapting the new version of the Handbook Emission Factors for Road Transport (HBEFA) now available in version 4.1, all country-specific emission factors have been revised fundamentally for the entire time series as of 1990. For more details please refer to chapter [[[1-a-3-b-i-iv-emissions-from-fuel-combustion-in-rt | 1.A.3.b i-iv - Emissions from Fuel Combustion in Road Vehicles ]]] of this report.
Line 121: Line 116:
 In addition, for emissions from tyre and brake wear and road abrasion, the emission factors applied for heavy metals and POPs have been adapted to the 2019 version of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook. For more details please refer to chapter [[[1-a-3-b-vi-vii-emissions-from-wear-and-abrasion | 1.A.3.b vi-vii - Road Transport: Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear and Road Abrasion]]] of this report. In addition, for emissions from tyre and brake wear and road abrasion, the emission factors applied for heavy metals and POPs have been adapted to the 2019 version of the EMEP/EEA Guidebook. For more details please refer to chapter [[[1-a-3-b-vi-vii-emissions-from-wear-and-abrasion | 1.A.3.b vi-vii - Road Transport: Automobile Tyre and Brake Wear and Road Abrasion]]] of this report.
  
-+ __Planned improvements__+===== Planned improvements =====
  
-After the substantial revisions carried out in 2017 ("Diesel-gate": ad hoc revision regarding NO,,x,,) and 2019 (HBEFA 4.1, corresponding revision of TREMOD), no such fundamental improvements are scheduled for 2020. +Besides the routine revision of the TREMOD model, no specific improvements are planned.
-However, with new statistical data at hand for example specific mileages, improvements will still take place on a more detailled level resulting in less significant changes in activity data and emission estimates.+
  
 ------ ------