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| sector:energy:fugitive:solid_fuels:start [2021/04/30 15:14] – [References] boettcher | sector:energy:fugitive:solid_fuels:start [2024/11/06 13:47] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| - | ^ Category Code ^ Method | + | ^ Category Code ^ Method |
| - | | 1.B.1.a | + | | 1.B.1.a |
| - | | 1.B.1.b | + | | 1.B.1.b |
| - | ^ Key Category | + | ^ Key Category |
| - | | 1.B.1.a | + | | 1.B.1.a |
| - | | 1.B.1.b | + | | 1.B.1.b |
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| The emission factors used for calculating emissions from lignite production (TSP, PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅) already include possible emissions from transport and storage. They are taken from a 2006 research project [(UBA2007)] and the CEPMEIP-Database [(CEPMEIP)]. | The emission factors used for calculating emissions from lignite production (TSP, PM₁₀ and PM₂.₅) already include possible emissions from transport and storage. They are taken from a 2006 research project [(UBA2007)] and the CEPMEIP-Database [(CEPMEIP)]. | ||
| - | ^ Activity data ^ Unit | + | __Table 1: Annual amounts of extracted raw lignite, in [Mt]__ |
| - | | Extraction of lignite | + | ^ 1990 ^ 1995 ^ 2000 ^ 2005 ^ 2010 ^ 2015 ^ |
| + | | 357 | ||
| - | ^ Source of emission factor | + | __Table 2: Emission factors applied for lignite extraction, in [kg/t]__ |
| - | | Extraction of lignite | + | ^ |
| - | | Extraction of lignite | + | | TSP | 0.05086 |
| - | | Extraction of lignite | + | | PM₁₀ |
| + | | PM₂.₅ | ||
| ===== Lignite coke production ===== | ===== Lignite coke production ===== | ||
| - | ^ Activity data ^ Unit | + | __Table 3: Annual amounts of lignite coke produced, in [Mt]__ |
| - | | production of lignite coke | Mt | | + | ^ 1990 ^ 1995 ^ 2000 ^ 2005 ^ 2010 ^ 2015 ^ |
| + | | 3.3 | ||
| Emissions from lignite production other than listed below are reported by plant operator. Particle emission factors were verified in a research project (Emissionen und Maßnahmenanalyse Feinstaub 2000-2020) [(UBA2007)] . | Emissions from lignite production other than listed below are reported by plant operator. Particle emission factors were verified in a research project (Emissionen und Maßnahmenanalyse Feinstaub 2000-2020) [(UBA2007)] . | ||
| - | ^ Source of emission factor | + | __Table 4: Emission factors applied for liginte-coke production__ |
| - | | production of lignite coke | TSP | kg/t | 0.1 | | + | ^ |
| - | | production of lignite coke | PM₁₀ | + | | TSP | kg/t | 0.1 | |
| - | | production of lignite coke | PM₂.₅ | + | | PM₁₀ |
| - | | production of lignite coke | PAH | mg/t | 55 | | + | | PM₂.₅ |
| - | | production of lignite coke | PCDD/ | + | | PAH | mg/t | 55 |
| + | | PCDD/ | ||
| ===== Hard coal coke production ===== | ===== Hard coal coke production ===== | ||
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| The activity rates for hard coal coke production have been taken from the //Statistik der Kohlenwirtschafts// | The activity rates for hard coal coke production have been taken from the //Statistik der Kohlenwirtschafts// | ||
| - | ^ Activity data ^ Unit | + | __Table 5: Annual amounts of hard coal coke produced, in [Mt]__ |
| - | | production of hard coal coke | Mt | | + | ^ 1990 ^ 1995 ^ 2000 ^ 2005 ^ 2010 ^ 2015 ^ |
| + | | 18.5 | 11.1 | 9.1 | ||
| The emission factors for hard coal coke production have been obtained from the research project “Emission factors for the iron and steel industry, for purposes of emissions reporting” (“Emissionsfaktoren zur Eisen- und Stahlindustrie für die Emissionsberichterstattung”) [(Hensmann2011)]. | The emission factors for hard coal coke production have been obtained from the research project “Emission factors for the iron and steel industry, for purposes of emissions reporting” (“Emissionsfaktoren zur Eisen- und Stahlindustrie für die Emissionsberichterstattung”) [(Hensmann2011)]. | ||
| - | ^ Source | + | __Table 6: Emission factors for hard coal coke production__ |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | ^ |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | CO |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | NH₃ | kg/t | 0.000243 |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | NMVOC | kg/t | 0.096 | |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | SO₂ | kg/t | 0.004 | |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | TSP | kg/t | 0.011 | |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | PM₁₀ |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | PM₂.₅ |
| - | | Production of hard-coal coke | + | | PAH | mg/t | 55 | |
| + | | PCDD/ | ||
| There are many potential sources of PAH emissions from coking plants. The dominant emission sources are leakages from coke oven doors and from charging operations. As there is limited data available on PAH emissions, the uncertainties of the estimated emission factors are very high. It should also be taken into account that emissions from coke production greatly vary between different coke production plants. The emission factors for benzo[a]pyrene and mixed PAH have been revised by research projects in 2010 [(UBADFIU2010)][(UBABFI2011)]. | There are many potential sources of PAH emissions from coking plants. The dominant emission sources are leakages from coke oven doors and from charging operations. As there is limited data available on PAH emissions, the uncertainties of the estimated emission factors are very high. It should also be taken into account that emissions from coke production greatly vary between different coke production plants. The emission factors for benzo[a]pyrene and mixed PAH have been revised by research projects in 2010 [(UBADFIU2010)][(UBABFI2011)]. | ||
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| The NMVOC emissions from decommissioned hard-coal mines have been calculated in the research project " | The NMVOC emissions from decommissioned hard-coal mines have been calculated in the research project " | ||
| - | ^ Source of emission factor | + | __Table 7: NMVOC emission factor |
| - | | decommissioned hard-coal mines | + | ^ EF ^ |
| + | | 0.001599 | ||
| ===== Recalculations ===== | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
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| ===== Planned improvements ===== | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
| - | Currently no improvements are planned. | + | New studies show a lower PM< |
| ===== References ===== | ===== References ===== | ||
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| [(EMEPEEA2016> | [(EMEPEEA2016> | ||
| [(NEULICHT1995> | [(NEULICHT1995> | ||
| - | [(MEINERS2014> | + | [(MEINERS2014> |
| - | + | [(KOHLENWIRTSCHAFT> | |
| - | [(KOHLENWIRTSCHAFT> | + | |