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sector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2021/01/17 11:50] – created kotzulla | sector:ippu:chemical_industry:nitric_acid_production:start [2022/02/23 15:09] – [Table] kuntze | ||
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====== 2.B.2 - Nitric Acid Production ====== | ====== 2.B.2 - Nitric Acid Production ====== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Short description ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^ Category Code ^ Method | ||
+ | | 2.B.2 | T2 ||||| PS | ||
+ | ^ Key Category | ||
+ | | 2.B.2 | -/- | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{page> | ||
+ | |||
+ | During the production of nitric acid (HNO< | ||
+ | * Oxidation of NH< | ||
+ | * Conversion of NO to NO< | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Details of the process are outlined below: | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{ : | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Catalytic oxidation of ammonia** | ||
+ | |||
+ | A mixture of ammonia and air at a ratio of 1:9 is oxidised, in the presence of a platinum catalyst alloyed with rhodium and/or palladium, at a temperature of between 800 and 950 °C. The reaction according to the Oswald process is as follows: | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | Simultaneously, | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | 4 NH< | ||
+ | |||
+ | All three oxidation reactions are exothermic. Heat may be recovered to produce steam for the process and for export to other plants and/or to preheat the residual gas. The reaction water is condensed in a cooling condenser, during the cooling of the reaction gases, and is then conveyed into the absorption column. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Method ===== | ||
+ | In Germany, there are currently nine nitric acid plants. | ||
+ | ==== Activity data ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | As this source category is a key category for N< | ||
+ | |||
+ | This data is made available basically via a co-operation agreement with the nitric acid producers and the IVA (Industrieverband Agrar). As the data provided by the producers has to be treated as confidential, | ||
+ | |||
+ | According to the IVA, catalytic reduction is used as an abatement method in some of the plants. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Emission factors ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | Different T2 default NO< | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Table 1**: Tier 2 emission factor of NOx for source category 2.B.2 Nitric acid production | ||
+ | ^ Emission factor (kg/ | ||
+ | | 7.5 | medium pressure process | ||
+ | | 3 | high pressure process | ||
+ | | 0.4 | low, medium and high pressure process, catalytic reduction | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Recalculations ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | With emission factors revised for each plant, recalculations of NOx have been carried out compared to last year's submission. So far a T1 method with a T1 Default EF was used. With the sabmissionsubmission 2022 a T2 method is applied with T2 EFs. The total emissions from 1990 to 2019 for the latest two submissions and their difference are listed in **Table 2**. | ||
+ | |||
+ | **Table 2**: NOx emissions from nitric acid production | ||
+ | ^ ^ Submission 2022 ^ Submission 2021 ^ Difference | ||
+ | ^ Year ^ NOₓ emission (in kt) ^ NOₓ emission (in kt) ^ NOₓ emission (in kt) ^ | ||
+ | ^ 1990 | 11.30 | 16.98 | 5.68 | | ||
+ | ^ 1991 | 10.40 | 15.60 | 5.20 | | ||
+ | ^ 1992 | 10.08 | 14.76 | 4.69 | | ||
+ | ^ 1993 | 9.60 | 14.76 | 5.17 | | ||
+ | ^ 1994 | 9.45 | 14.59 | 5.14 | | ||
+ | ^ 1995 | 10.33 | 16.25 | 5.91 | | ||
+ | ^ 1996 | 10.65 | 16.60 | 5.95 | | ||
+ | ^ 1997 | 10.50 | 16.33 | 5.83 | | ||
+ | ^ 1998 | 10.55 | 16.54 | 5.99 | | ||
+ | ^ 1999 | 10.94 | 17.40 | 6.46 | | ||
+ | ^ 2000 | 11.93 | 19.23 | 7.30 | | ||
+ | ^ 2001 | 11.24 | 18.07 | 6.83 | | ||
+ | ^ 2002 | 14.05 | 21.12 | 7.07 | | ||
+ | ^ 2003 | 14.67 | 22.49 | 7.82 | | ||
+ | ^ 2004 | 17.59 | 25.99 | 8.40 | | ||
+ | ^ 2005 | 17.92 | 26.34 | 8.43 | | ||
+ | ^ 2006 | 18.26 | 26.95 | 8.69 | | ||
+ | ^ 2007 | 14.28 | 28.79 | 14.50 | | ||
+ | ^ 2008 | 12.91 | 26.30 | 13.39 | | ||
+ | ^ 2009 | 2.78 | 22.58 | 19.81 | | ||
+ | ^ 2010 | 1.01 | 25.25 | 24.24 | | ||
+ | ^ 2011 | 0.99 | 24.85 | 23.85 | | ||
+ | ^ 2012 | 1.00 | 24.90 | 23.90 | | ||
+ | ^ 2013 | 1.03 | 25.72 | 24.69 | | ||
+ | ^ 2014 | 1.04 | 26.01 | 24.97 | | ||
+ | ^ 2015 | 1.01 | 25.22 | 24.21 | | ||
+ | ^ 2016 | 1.02 | 25.41 | 24.39 | | ||
+ | ^ 2017 | 1.08 | 27.11 | 26.03 | | ||
+ | ^ 2018 | 1.07 | 26.69 | 25.62 | | ||
+ | ^ 2019 | 1.07 | 26.69 | 25.62 | | ||
+ | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
+ | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | ||
+ | </ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Planned improvements ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | No category-specific improvements are planned. | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | ------ | ||
+ | |||
+ |