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2.B.6 - Titanium Dioxide Production
Short description
Category Code | Method | AD | EF | ||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.B.6 | T3 | C | C | ||||||||||||
Key Category | SO₂ | NOₓ | NH3 | NMVOC | CO | BC | Pb | Hg | Cd | Diox | PAH | HCB | TSP | PM10 | PM2.5 |
2.B.6 | -/- | -/- | - | - | -/- | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | -/- | - | - |
In NFR 2.B.6, SO₂,CO,NOₓ and TSP emissions from the production of titanium dioxide are reported.
Method
Activity Data
There are two kinds of processes called chloride process and sulfate process for the production of titanium dioxide. The total production amount is attained from the German Federal Statistical Office1).For the calculation of individual production of each process, the fraction of chloride process is determined based on the estimated total production capacity in Germany (480kt/y) and the production capacity via chloride process (165kt/y) 2)3).
Emission Factors
Emission factors for Titanium dioxide production are the Tier 2 emission factors from EMEP Guidebook: NOx, CO, and TSP are provided for the chloride process, while only factors for NOx and TSP are available for the sulfate process.
The applied Tier 2 emission factors are listed in Table 1 4).
Table 1: Tier 2 emission factors for Titanium dioxide production, in [kg/t]
Pollutant | Name of process | EF |
---|---|---|
CO | Chloride | 159 |
NOx | Chloride | 0.1 |
TSP | Chloride | 0.2 |
NOx | Sulfate | 0.108 |
TSP | Sulfate | 0.3 |
Emissions
The association of the titanium producers reports the sum of SO₂-emissions from both processes directly to the UBA. Since the Submission 2022 the SO₂-emissions are no longer confidential.
Except for SO₂ emission, emissions of the mentioned pollutants are calculated through the multiplication of activity data and corresponding emission factors.
As the emission factors are constant over the time the emission trend is influenced only by the development of the production.
Recalculations
For SO₂ emissions from the production of titanium dioxide and sulphuric acid, estimates reported for the second to last year of the time series are routinely actualised by the producers. Furthermore, definite emissions for the last year of the time series are not yet available at the time the inventory is compiled. Here, the reported values represent a prediction and are therefore updated with each new submission as well.
As the SO₂ emissions from titanium dioxide are no longer confidential, they are reallocated from 2.B.10 to this category (see Table 2 ).
Furthermore, CO, NOₓ and TSP emissions are reported for the first time (see also Table 2).
Table 2: Activity data and emissions for Titanium dioxide production from 1990 to 2020 5).
Activity data (kt) | Emission (kt) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NOₓ | TSP | CO | SO₂ | ||
1990 | 350.00 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 19.48 | 1.73 |
1991 | 330.00 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 18.36 | 1.73 |
1992 | 317.21 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 17.65 | 1.73 |
1993 | 300.07 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 16.70 | 1.64 |
1994 | 332.36 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 18.50 | 1.74 |
1995 | 300.63 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 16.73 | 2.00 |
1996 | 405.19 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 22.55 | 1.60 |
1997 | 450.49 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 25.07 | 0.87 |
1998 | 315.41 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 17.55 | 0.67 |
1999 | 309.59 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 17.23 | 0.62 |
2000 | 407.45 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 22.67 | 0.77 |
2001 | 377.01 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 20.98 | 0.57 |
2002 | 411.57 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 22.90 | 0.71 |
2003 | 417.82 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 23.25 | 0.77 |
2004 | 439.06 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 24.43 | 0.94 |
2005 | 445.32 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 24.78 | 0.90 |
2006 | 463.24 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 25.78 | 0.86 |
2007 | 460.14 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 25.61 | 0.9 |
2008 | 452.09 | 0.05 | 0.12 | 25.16 | 1.01 |
2009 | 334.62 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 18.62 | 0.76 |
2010 | 423.29 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 23.56 | 0.70 |
2011 | 411.81 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 22.92 | 0.59 |
2012 | 367.75 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 20.47 | 0.45 |
2013 | 376.87 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 20.97 | 0.57 |
2014 | 381.26 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 21.22 | 0.54 |
2015 | 381.12 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 21.21 | 0.61 |
2016 | 391.15 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 21.77 | 0.68 |
2017 | 416.34 | 0.04 | 0.11 | 23.17 | 0.94 |
2018 | 377.69 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 21.02 | 0.94 |
2019 | 376.02 | 0.04 | 0.10 | 20.93 | 0.95 |
2020 | 338.99 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 18.87 | 0.96 |
For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2018, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following chapter 8.1 - Recalculations.
Planned improvements
No category-specific improvements are planned.