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sector:ippu:other_solvent_and_product_use:other_solvent_use:start [2022/03/01 15:01] – kotzulla | sector:ippu:other_solvent_and_product_use:other_solvent_use:start [2022/10/17 12:52] (current) – Fix links tarakji | ||
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In source category //2.D.3.i - Other Solvent Use//, emissions from various product groups and processes and also from lubricants use in stationary and mobile applications are reported. Relevant pollutants are NMVOC and some heavy metals. | In source category //2.D.3.i - Other Solvent Use//, emissions from various product groups and processes and also from lubricants use in stationary and mobile applications are reported. Relevant pollutants are NMVOC and some heavy metals. | ||
- | ^ Category Code | + | ^ Category Code |
- | | [[#Other solvent use|2.D.3.i - Other solvent use]] | NMVOC ||| T2 |||| NS | + | | [[#Other solvent use|2.D.3.i - Other solvent use]] | NMVOC |
- | | [[#Use of lubricants in stationary applications|2.D.3.i - Use of lubricants in stationary applications]] | + | | [[#Use of lubricants in stationary applications|2.D.3.i - Use of lubricants in stationary applications]] |
- | | [[#Use of lubricants in mobile applications|2.D.3.i - Use of lubricants in mobile applications]] | + | | [[#Use of lubricants in mobile applications|2.D.3.i - Use of lubricants in mobile applications]] |
- | ^ Key Category | + | ^ |
- | | 2.D.3.i | + | | Key Category: |
| | ||
\\ | \\ | ||
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=== General procedure === | === General procedure === | ||
- | NMVOC emissions are calculated in keeping | + | NMVOC emissions are calculated in accordance |
* Quantities of VOC-containing (pre-) products and agents used in the report year, | * Quantities of VOC-containing (pre-) products and agents used in the report year, | ||
* The VOC concentrations in these products (substances and preparations), | * The VOC concentrations in these products (substances and preparations), | ||
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==== Discussion of emission trends ==== | ==== Discussion of emission trends ==== | ||
=== General information === | === General information === | ||
- | Since 1990, so the data, NMVOC emissions from use of solvents and solvent-containing products in general have decreased by nearly | + | Since 1990, so the data, NMVOC emissions from use of solvents and solvent-containing products in general have decreased by nearly |
=== Specific information === | === Specific information === | ||
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==== Recalculations ==== | ==== Recalculations ==== | ||
- | There are no recalculations. | + | As the emission data for the 2021 reporting could not be completely revised due to staff constraints and for these reasons the emission data for 2018 had to be updated in last year's reporting, a complete recalculation of the emission data for 2019 and 2020 was carried out for this year's reporting. In doing so, it was also possible to take into account the current changes in the systematics of the national production statistics and the foreign trade statistics. |
<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: | + | For pollutant-specific information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and actual year, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following [[general: |
</ | </ | ||
==== Planned improvements ==== | ==== Planned improvements ==== | ||
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Sub-category //2.D.3.i - Other product use: Use of lubricants in stationary applications// | Sub-category //2.D.3.i - Other product use: Use of lubricants in stationary applications// | ||
- | * Automotive and industrial gear oils | ||
* Compressor oils | * Compressor oils | ||
* Turbine oils | * Turbine oils | ||
+ | * Gear oils (automotive oils including automatic transmission fluids, industrial-gear oils) | ||
* Hydraulic oils | * Hydraulic oils | ||
- | * Electro insulating | + | * Insulating |
* Machine oils | * Machine oils | ||
* Process oils | * Process oils | ||
* Other industrial oils not for lubricating purposes | * Other industrial oils not for lubricating purposes | ||
- | * Metal working fluids | + | * Metal working fluids |
* Greases | * Greases | ||
* Base oils | * Base oils | ||
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\\ | \\ | ||
- | The consumption of lubricants in Germany has remained at a relatively constant level since 1990, apart from a sharp decrease in 2009 that was related to the overall economic situation. | + | The consumption of lubricants in Germany has remained at a relatively constant level since 1990, apart from a sharp decrease in 2009 and in 2020. |
=== Emission factors === | === Emission factors === | ||
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Along the life cycle of the different lubricant types, different kinds of losses occur. Only some types of losses are of relevance with regard to air emissions and the different lubricants types differ significantly from each other. Relevant emitted pollutants identified for lubricants are NMVOC and CO< | Along the life cycle of the different lubricant types, different kinds of losses occur. Only some types of losses are of relevance with regard to air emissions and the different lubricants types differ significantly from each other. Relevant emitted pollutants identified for lubricants are NMVOC and CO< | ||
- | For Electro insulating | + | For Insulating |
- | All emission factors are determined in a research project (UBA, 2018)< | + | All emission factors are are constant in the entire time series. They were determined in a research project (UBA, 2018)< |
- | __Table 1: Tier 2 emission | + | __Table 1: Tier 2 emission |
| | | ** NMVOC ** || | | | | | ** NMVOC ** || | | ||
^ Lubricant-type group | ^ Lubricant-type group | ||
- | | ** Automotive gear oils ** | ||
- | | ** Industrial gear oils ** | ||
| ** Compressor oils ** | =< 1 % | 1.5 % | 1 - 2 % | < | | ** Compressor oils ** | =< 1 % | 1.5 % | 1 - 2 % | < | ||
| ** Turbine oils ** | | ** Turbine oils ** | ||
+ | | ** Automotive gear oils ** | ||
+ | | ** Industrial gear oils ** | ||
| ** Hydraulic oils ** | | ** Hydraulic oils ** | ||
| ** Machine oils ** | | ** Machine oils ** | ||
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| ** Base oils ** | 4 - 16 % | 10 % | | ** Base oils ** | 4 - 16 % | 10 % | ||
+ | In 1995 four categories fell away/ceased to exist (Table 2) and three type groups were newly introduced due to modifications/ | ||
+ | __Table 2: Handling of categories in the Mineral Oil Statistics, 1990-1994__ | ||
+ | |||
+ | ^ Category | ||
+ | | Other lubricating oils, specialty and other lubricating oils, non-specialty | ||
+ | | Other mineral oils for special applications | ||
+ | | Light-coloured plasticisers and extender oils | Extender oils and plasticisers are classified with the process oils. They are handled accordingly. | ||
==== Uncertainties ==== | ==== Uncertainties ==== | ||
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The emission factors are based on a broad review of literature and results from relevant research projects and have been discussed with senior lubricant experts. The experts suggested using ranges which are provided in the emission factor table 1. | The emission factors are based on a broad review of literature and results from relevant research projects and have been discussed with senior lubricant experts. The experts suggested using ranges which are provided in the emission factor table 1. | ||
+ | The modifications of the Mineral Oil Statistics in 1995 show no impact of overall amount of lubricants. Only a reclassification of lubricants from unspecified application categories to specified application categories was made. The emissions for the years 1990-1994 could therefore be just up to 25% to high. | ||
==== Recalculations ==== | ==== Recalculations ==== | ||
- | Recalculation | + | Recalculations |
- | <WRAP center round info 60%> | + | <WRAP center round info 65%> |
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant specific | + | For **pollutant-specific |
</ | </ | ||
==== Planned improvements ==== | ==== Planned improvements ==== | ||
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**Lit. | **Lit. | ||
**Lit. | **Lit. | ||
- | **Lit. | + | **Lit. |
**Lit. | **Lit. | ||
**Lit. 10:** Möller, U. J. Altölentsorgung durch Verwertung und Beseitigung; | **Lit. 10:** Möller, U. J. Altölentsorgung durch Verwertung und Beseitigung; | ||
**Lit. 11:** Bartz, W. J.; Springer, G.; Blanke, H.-J. Expert Praxislexikon Tribologie Plus: 2010 Begriffe für Studium und Beruf, 2., völlig neubearb. Aufl. des Lexikons der Schmierungstechnik von G. Vögtle; Expert Verlag: Renningen, 2000.) \\ | **Lit. 11:** Bartz, W. J.; Springer, G.; Blanke, H.-J. Expert Praxislexikon Tribologie Plus: 2010 Begriffe für Studium und Beruf, 2., völlig neubearb. Aufl. des Lexikons der Schmierungstechnik von G. Vögtle; Expert Verlag: Renningen, 2000.) \\ | ||
- | **Lit. 12:** VSI. Grundöle; | + | **Lit. 12:** VSI. Grundöle; |
**Lit. 13:** Kolshorn, K.-U.; Wiesert, P.; Götz, R.; Rippen, G. Ermittlung von Altölvermeidungspotentialen: | **Lit. 13:** Kolshorn, K.-U.; Wiesert, P.; Götz, R.; Rippen, G. Ermittlung von Altölvermeidungspotentialen: | ||
**Lit. 14:** UBA, 2018: Zimmermann, T.; Jepsen, D. (2018) Entwicklung von Methoden zur Berechnung von Treibhausgas- und Luftschadstoffemissionen aus der Verwendung von Schmierstoffen und Wachsen.) \\ | **Lit. 14:** UBA, 2018: Zimmermann, T.; Jepsen, D. (2018) Entwicklung von Methoden zur Berechnung von Treibhausgas- und Luftschadstoffemissionen aus der Verwendung von Schmierstoffen und Wachsen.) \\ | ||
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<WRAP center round info 60%> | <WRAP center round info 60%> | ||
- | For more information on recalculated emission estimates for Base Year and 2019, please see the pollutant specific recalculation tables following chapter [[general: | + | For **pollutant-specific |
</ | </ | ||
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Although there are no improvements planned for this specific sub-category, | Although there are no improvements planned for this specific sub-category, | ||
- | [(KNOERR20210a> Knörr et al. (2021a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: | + | [(KNOERR2021a> Knörr et al. (2021a): Knörr, W., Heidt, C., Gores, S., & Bergk, F.: ifeu Institute for Energy and Environmental Research (Institut für Energie- und Umweltforschung Heidelberg gGmbH, ifeu): Fortschreibung des Daten- und Rechenmodells: |
[(EMEPEEA2019> | [(EMEPEEA2019> |